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Photographic 

Sciences 
CorporatiGn 


33  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEiSTER,N.Y.  M5«0 

(716)872-4503 


mm 


wfifmrnm 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHIVI/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I      I    Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommagde 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaur^e  et/ou  pellicul6e 


I      I   Coloured  maps/ 


'  Cover  title  missing/ 
Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


Cartes  g^ographiques  en  couleur 

Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


I      I   Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 


D 
D 


D 


D 


Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli6  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  r^liure  serrde  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  int6rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajouttes 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mals,  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6t6  film^es. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppl6mentaires; 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-Atre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  methods  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu6s  ci-dessous. 


r~~~|    Coloured  pages/ 


Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommag^es 


I      I    Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 


^ 


Pages  restaurdes  et/ou  pellicul6es 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  ddcolortos,  tachet^es  ou  piqu6es 


I      I    Pages  detached/ 


Pages  d6tach6es 

Showthroughy 
Transparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Quality  in^gale  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  materif 
Comprend  du  materiel  suppl^mentaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seuitt  Edition  disponible 


I      I  Showthrough/ 

I      I  Quality  of  print  varies/ 

I      I  Includes  supplementary  material/ 

I — I  Only  edition  available/ 


D 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  6t6  film6es  d  nouveau  de  fa^on  d 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film6  au  taux  de  reduction  indiquA  ci-dessous. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

E 

/ 

7 

12X 

16X 

20X 

^ 

CT 

28X 

32X 

; 

The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Library  of  Congress 
Photoduplication  Service 


L'exemplaire  film*  fut  reproduit  grAce  A  la 
ginArosltA  de: 

Library  of  Congress 
Photoduplication  Service 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Les  images  suivantes  ont  AtA  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettetA  de  l'exemplaire  film*,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  Impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  Imprlmte  sont  filmAs  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'imprasslon  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmte  en  commengant  par  la 
premlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impreasion  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — »>  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED "),  or  the  symbol  y  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaftra  sur  la 
derniAre  image  de  chaque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  — ►  signifie  "A  SUIVRE  ".  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN". 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  Atre 
filmte  il  des  taux  de  reduction  diff^rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seui  clichi,  11  est  film*  A  partir 
de  I'angie  supArleur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'Images  nAcessalre.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  methods. 


1 

a 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

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^me_moriaTl 

CONTAINING 

A  fuminary  View  of  F  A  C  T  S, 

WITH    THE  III 

A  U  T  H  O  R  I  T  I  E  S. 

ANSWER 

T    O  r 

The    Observations 

^        Sent  by  the  Englijh  Ministry  v""*  ' " '  '^"'*/'« 


'•«. 


T    O 


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The  Courts  oi  E  U  R  O  P  E. 

T  ^M 


franjlated  from  the  French, 


X.  N  ETF'  TO  R  K: 

Printed  and  Sold   by  H.  Gaine,  at  the  Printing-Offic* 
at  tlie  Bible  and  Crown,  in  HanowSquare,    ,757. 


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■■■B«np«M^MOTMHi^||«{pi^MMJ|PVWMI«llianMH^^ 


}JD  FE  R  riSE  ME  N1 


T  O    T  H  E 


R   E   A   D   E   R 


rH  E  Public  have  been  already  informch^  that 
the  three  French  Volume Sy  of  which  the  fol- 
lowing is  a  Tranjlation^   were  found  in  a 
French  Prize  taken  and  brought  into  New- 
York  :   l^beir  Authenticity  cannot  be  fufpeSled,  as 
they  were  publijhed  at  the  Royal-Office^   andy  con- 
Jequently^  by  Order  of  the  French  iQng. 

It  is  thought  that  a  Publication  of  them  might  be  of 
Service^  as  well  to  difcover  the  vile  Mifreprefentation 
of  FaSfs  of  which  the  French  have  been  guilty ^  as 
to  malff  known  the  Falfity  of  their  Pretcnfions  to 
Countries  to  which  they  have  not  the  leafl  Shadow  of 
Hight  or  Claim, 

Ai 


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[  iv  ] 

yii  to  the  trarjlatkn  itfelf,  it  is  as  literal  as  the 
sir fi  rent  Idioms  of  the  two  Languages  ivculd  permit. 
Jn  a  fVork  of  this  Nature  Corrcdnefs  rather  than 
Elcgaiice  ought  to  be  ftudied^  and  the  Reader  would 
be  willing  to  dijpenje  with  the  Beauties  of  Exprejjim^ 
provided  he  has  but  ajujl  and  clear  Account  of  Fa£fsi 

The  Translator  begs  leave  to  make  ufe  of  this 
Opportunity  publicly  to  acknowledge  the  Obligations 
he  is  under  to  thofe  young  Gentlemen,  who  fo 
geueroujly  favoured  him  with  their  JJJillante  in  this 
mrk,  and  to  ajfure  them,  that  he  will  ever  entertain 
the  mojl  grateful  Senfe  of  the  Favours  they  bavi 
ionfared  upon  him. 


w. 


yi 


IS  liberal  as  the 
r  ivculJ  permit. 
;fs  ratber  than 
le  Reader  would 
s  ofExpreJJimt 
Iccount  cf'  FaStSi 

make  life  of  this 
the  Obligations 
,EMEN,  who  fo 
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M  E  M  O  R  t  A  L,    &>€. 

Hi  S  Britannic  Majefty  hath  caufcd  to  be  fcnt  to 
moft  of  the  Courts  of  Europe^  a  Pamphlet, 
.  entitled,  *'  Obfcrvations  on  the  Memorial  of 
France^  with  an  Intention  to  confute  the  Rca- 
fons  upon  which  thcKing  hath  founded  his  Re- 
quifition  of  the  i\^  o^  Dtcember  laft,  and  thereby  tojuf- 
tify  the  Refufal  made  by  England^  of  reflioring  to  Fra$c$ 
her  Veflcls  taken  in  full  Peace." 

A  Refufal  fo  inconfiftent  both  with  that  natural  Juftice 
Which  conftitutcs  the  Law  of  Nations,  as  well  ai  thofe 
pacific  Vitws  to  which  his  Britannic  Majefty  hath  always 
profefledah  invariable  Adherence,  could  admit  of  no, Co- 
lour, butthelmputationof  Hoftilities  to  Fr<2W^  antece- 
dent to  thofe  Captures.  To  weaken  the  Impreflion,  which 
the  Outrages  committed  by  the  Englifo  Navy  for  a  Year 
jpaft,  muft  make  on  the  PoWers  abroad,  it  was  neccffary 
xa  be  proved,  or  at  leaft  maintained,  that  ihtFnncb  were 
the  Aggreflbrs :  Such  accordingly  is  the  principal  Fadl  ad- 
vanced in  thefe  Oblcrvations.  They  are  intended  to 
evince,  that  thtFremb  have  committed  Hoftilities  in  /kne-- 
rica,  which  have  obliged  the  Court  of  Londan,  to  feck 
Redrefs  by  juft  Reprifals.  ' 

Jo  thefe  Imputations,  the  Court  pf  France  will  only  op- 
pofe  the  moft  Ample  Viewof  what  has  pafled  between  the 
two  Nations,  whether  in  Europe  or  America^  fince  the 
Treaty  ok  Jix-la-€hapelle.  The  Sovereigns  have  for 
Judges,  the  Age  in  which  they  live,  and  Pofterity  :  It  is 
the  Province  of  impartial  Hiftory  alone,  to  arraign  their 
Condud,  as  it  alone  can  defend  them. 

To  put  the  Recital  of  fuch  important  Fafts  beyond  the 
l^wer  of  Cfiofurc,  nothing  fliallbe  advanced  which  is  not 

B  either 


^ 


jija. 


«.-^;.v*»....^_, , 


\  i 


t^l 


*-i . 


(  1  ) 

tither  confcffed  by  both  Courts,  or  proved  by  authcnt'wi 
«nd  inconteftible  Pieces.  Thofe  which  were  found  in  the 
Cabinet  of  General  Braddocky  after  the  Engagement  which 
coft  him  his  Life^  have  given  fucii  Lights  into  the  Plan  of 
the  Court  of  London^  as  were  not  intended  for  public  View, 
tillafter  having  try'd  all  poITiblc  Ways, /paring  the  Eng- 
lijh  Miniftry  the  Mortification  of  feeing  their  Syftemun- 
vailed. 

By  the  Treaty  of  Utrecht ^  France  had  added  to  Eng' 
land,  Nova-Scotia^  or  Acadia ^  according  to  its  ancient 
Limits,  a-  alfo  the  Town  of  Port-Royal.  It  is  probable, 
that  at  that  Time,  the  Minidry  of  Great-Britain  had 
nearly  the  iame  Idea  of  JCadia,  properly  lb  called,  as  had 
ever  been  encertain'd  in  France  \  but  certain  it  is,  that  at 
that  Time  they  had  never  dreamt  of  extending  this  Province 
as  far  as  the  Southern  Banks  of  the  River  5/.  Lawrence. 
.  Accordingly  the  French  fettled  upon  the  River  St.  JohH^ 
all  along  the  Coaft  of  the  EtcheminSj  and  from  that  Coaft 
as  far  as  the  River  5/,  Lawrence  j  even  the  Inhabitants  of 
Minas,  in  the- Neighbourhood  of  the  JJlhmus,  and  the 
other  Countries  neareft  to  that  which  had  been  ceded  to 
Great-Britain,  found  no  Change  in  their  Conditionj  or 
in  their  PoflcfTions.  The  Englijh  neither  attempted  to 
drive  them  out  of  the  Country,  nor  to  oblige  them  to 
take  the  Oath  of  Allegiance  to  the  .King  oi  England. 

Thefe  Inhabitants  continued  peaceably  to  enjoy  their 
Eftatts  under  the  Proteftion  of  ths  King,  whom  they  had 
never  ceafed  to  regard  as  their  lawful  Sovereign. 

From  the  Year  1744  until  1748,  the  Scene  of  War 
was  opened  in  America,  as  it  had  aj^eady  been  in  Europe  \ 
but  the  Objedt  of  it  there  was  no  other  than  that  which 
had  already  divided  the  Powers  on  the  old  Continent. 
There  was  then  no  Queftion  about  the  Limits  of  the  re- 
fpedlive  States,  nor  about  the  Interpretation  of  the  Treaty 
of  Utrecht  j  the  Senle  of  which,  clear  in  itfelf,  ieemed  the 
more  fixed  by  the  peaceable  Pofleffion  of  both  Nations. 
Thus,  by  tht fifth  Article  of  the  Treaty  of  Aix-la-Cha- 
ftlUt  it  was  :houghc  iufiicicDC  to  ftipulate  a  Rcfiitution  of 


"«  ar 


-H 


'K 


rT...wau»i>ii»<Hli|  iiMil>ili<fpWWWW>WW'>piWP>WlfiWWPI^ 


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i  by  authent'wi 
e  found  in  the 
igemenc  which 
ito  the  Plan  of 
)r  public  View, 
iring  the  £»f - 
eir  Syfteni  un- 

addcd  to  Eng' 
to  its  ancient 
It  is  probable, 
>at- Britain  had 
o  called,  as  had 
in  it  is,  that  at 
ng  this  Province 
St.  Lawrence. 
River  St.  JohH^ 
from  that  Coaft 
le  Inhabitants  of 
'ibmus,  and  the 
d  been  ceded  to 
r  Conditionj  of 
tr  attempted  to 
» oblige  them  to 
ng  oi  England. 
r  to  enjoy  their 
whom  they  had 
ereign. 

Scene  of  War 
been  in  Eurept\ 
than  that  which 
e  old  Continent, 
limits  of  the  re- 
in of  the  Treaty 
iticlf,  leemed  the 
t  both  Nations. 
^  of  Aix-la-Cba- 
a  Rcftitutwn  of 


(     3     ) 


\, 


■11  that  one  Nation  might  have  gained  by  Conqueft  upon 
any  of  its  Neighbours  fince  the  Beginning  of  the  War. 
Nobody  thought  of  going  as  far  back  as  the  Treaty  of 
Utrecht  •,  and  by  the  ninth  Article^  it  was  agreed,  That 
all  Things  fhould  be  reftored  to  the  fame  State  as  they 
were,  ofought  to  have  been  in,  not  in  1713,  but  before 
the  prefent  War. 

It  was  immediately  upon  the  Back  of  this  Peace,  that 
the  Court  of  London  formed  the  Plan  of  feveral  new  Set- 
tlements', in  which  they  conlulted  rather  the  Intereft  of 
their  awn  Commerce,  than  the  Articles  of  thofe  Treaties 
which  were  renewed  by  that  oiMxrla-Chapelle.  The  Set- 
tlements were  proclaimed  in  all  thtvc  Gazettes,  It  was  then 
propofed  to  carry  as  far  as  the  River  St.  Lawrence ^  fuch 
Settlements  as  fhould  have  been  formed  on  the  Coafl  of 
Acadia  i  and  thofe  projefted  towards  Hud/on* s-Bay^  were 
not  to  be  conBned  by  any  Limits. 

The  Rumour  of  thefc  Preparations,  and  the  Impor- 
tance of  the  ProjeA  wTiich  they  threatned,  roufed  the  At- 
tention of  the  King.  He  fet  forth  his  Claims  in  a  Me^f 
piorial,  which  he  caufed  to  be  fent  to  the  Court  of  London, 
in  the  Month  of  7«»'»  i749»  *"^   propofed   the  Nomi- 

Sation  of  CommifTaries  in  Behalf  of  both  Nations,  who  > 
lould  fix  in  an  amicable  Way,  the  Boundaries  of  their 
refjiedtive  Colonies.  This  Propofal  was  accepted  ;  and  in 
the  Memorial  of  the  Month  of  ^w-^j  i749>  by  which  his 
Britannic  Maj^fly  confented  to  the  Nomination  of  thefc 
CommifTaries  •,  he  declared  •, 

ift.  That  there  was  no  Defign  of  any  Projeft  on  th« 
Side  of  Hudfon's-Bay.  id.  That  he  had  fent  efFedual 
Orders  forbidding  any  Attempt  either  towards  Nova^ 
Scotia^  or  Hudfon's-Bay^  againft  the  PofTeffions  or  Com- 
merce of  the  Subjefls  of  his  Mofl  Chriflian  Majefly* 
gdly.  That  he  had  not  given  any  Orders  for  forming  Set- 
tlements in  that  Part  of  Nova-Scotia  to  which  France  had 
formed  any  Pretenfion^. 

The  Settlement  of  Halifax^  which  had  engaged  the 
^(tQntion  of^»^/4»</attbat  Time,  feemeij  in  fgjpe  Me^^* 

■  -  '  ^      iw\ 


;*' J.^t  :>i  tv'^j.JJi.'^'^ 


"  ■'TL^*'''"^'^* 


fc?-i 


t  4  > 
iure,  to  avouch  the  Sincerity  of  ^hts  Dedarafion.  The 
Government  of  France  could  take  no  Alarms  from  Sup- 
plies which  feemed  only  deftined  for  this  rifing  City.  It 
is  built  on  the  Coaft  of  Acadia^  at  the  Mouth  of  the  Bay 
oi  ChibouSiou.  .       '       '  - 

One  of  the  prindpal  Stipulations  which  acconipianied  the 
Nomination  of  CommifTaries,  was,  that  the  Countries  up;- 
on  which  they  were  to  decide  fhouid  fuffcr  no  Alteration 
in  thf  mean  Time.     This  Stipularion  was  a  Confequenc^ 
of  the  Declararion  cxprefs'd  in  the  Memoraial  of  the  Court 
of  London.     Thus  the  French  continued  to  pbflefs  all  th^ 
Land  which  the/had  conftantly  inhabited  ever  fince.  the 
Treaty  of  Utrecht^  whether  between  French  Bay  [Bay  «f 
Funda]  and  the  River  St.  Lawrence,  or  in  the  Peninful* 
itfeif,  from  Minas,  as  far  as  the  Jfthmusy  and  from  thCs. 
■Jftbmus  to  the  Bay  of  CbedabouSfon.     As  to  the  Banks  of 
Belle  Riviere  (Ohio)    and  the  Countries  fituatcd  to  the 
^Velt  of  the  Apalachian  Mountains,-  the  EngUJh  had  ne- 
ver had  any  Forts  or  Trading-Houfes  there.     The  Court 
of  London  had  not  even  conceived  any  Projcdl  of  an  Ef* 
tablifhment  on  that  Side,  and  there  was  ho  Mention  of 
that  Country,  neither  in  the  Negotiations  which  precede^ 
the  Treaty  of  Utrecht,  nor  in  thofc  which  paved  the  Way 
for  the  Vciceoi  Aix-la-Chapelle.''      ;■  f 

The  Appointment  of  Commiffaries,  and  the  mutual 
Engagement  which  had  prcceedcd  this  Appointment,  gavei 
room  to  think,  that  the  Ceurt  of  London,  would  fend  lo 
the  Governors  oftheEngli^  Colonies  in  AmericayOrden 
conformable  to  the  Meafiires  taken  in  Europe.  •  Nothing 
iribre  nearly  concerned  the  Tranquility  df  the  two  Na- 
tions, than  toput  an  early  Stop  totbofe  little  Diflenfions, 
iRrhich  might,  in  the  Sequel,  occafion  DifFcrences  of  mofc 
ierious  Import;'  We  Ihallpafsover  lightly,  thofe  Broil* 
which  happened  before  the  Nomination  r  of  CommilTariesj 
>  Mr.  Ma/carens,  EngliJhComtnandtint,  had  intended  t6 
force  the  Frf»f/>  Inhabitants  of  St.  Jobn-s  River,  totake  the 
Oath  of  Allegiance  to  the  King  ^f  England.  Intimidated 
by  his  Threats,  they  apply*d  to  Count  Z)tf  la  GatiJIfonitrty 


■^  *-*^ilfy^.  *•  ?  WTfllWWK(^»' 


■^■■niR«iiPWw«ni««Mnw||i|i< 


T 


n^mumfitmm 


aration.  The 
rms  from  Sup- 
fing  City.  It 
>uth  of  the  Bay 

ccompanicd  the 

e  Countries  up^- 

no  Alteration 

I  Confequcncft 

lialpf  the  Court 

0  pbflefs  all  th^ 
ever  fince.  the 

cb  Bay  [Bay  tf 

in  the  PeninfuU 

,  and  from  the.. 

to  the  Banks  of 

fituatcd  to  the 

EngUh  had  nc- 

:re.     The  Court 

'rojcft  of  an  Ef- 

ho  Mention  of 

J  which  precede^ 

1  paved  the  Way 

'  1        ■  ;  T 

A  ' 

and  the  mutiial 
jpointment,  gavei 
If,  would  fend  lo 
yfi«*r/w,Orderi 
Europe.   Nbthing 
dt  the  two  Na- 
fittle  Diflenfions, 
ifFcrenccs  of  moft< 
;htly,  thofe  Broil* 
of  Commiflaries: 
t,  had  intended  t6 
!  River,  to  take  the 
and.    Intirtiidated 
Vt  ia  Califimiiri, 
*-  "■'  whfli 


(  5  ) 
vho  to  remove  their  Fright,  fent  them  an  Officer  with  ^ 
jfmall  Detatchment  of  Soldiers  zndCanadian  Militia.  M.  de 
^Galijfoniereihcrff&rds  writ  to  M.  MafcarenSy  not  only  to 
complain  of  the  Attempt,  but  alfo  to  engage  him  to  forbear 
thofe  Hoftilities,  which  the  Englifli  had  Continued  againft 
tYtcAbenaquis^  notwithftanding  their  having  laid  down  their 
Arms,  by  Order  of theFr«i^i£»  their  Allies,  from  the  very  firft 
Intelligence  of  tht  Treaty  of /lix-ta-Cbapeile.  Thefe  Com- 
plaints laid  the  Foundation  of  a  very  fpirited  Correfpon- 
dence,  which  lafted  for  fome  Time  between  the  Marquik 
'de  lajonquiere  And  M.  Cornwallis,  the  former  of  whom 
l»ad. replaced  the  Count  de  la  GaUffoniere,  and  the  lattet 
'M.  Mafcarens,  in  1749.  It  was  taken  for  granted  in 
Europe,  that  an  End  had  been  put  to  thefe  Altercations, 
hy  the  Orders  which  the  Court  of  London  declared,  in  the 
ftrongeft  Terms,  had  been  fent  to  the  Governors  of  the 
^£w^//^  Colonies,  in  Confequence  of  the  Appointment  of 
CommilTaries. 

But  the  Troubles  were  renewed  as  (bon  as  Governor 

Cornwallts  thought  himfelf  in  a  Capacity  to  aft  without 

refcrve.  There  were  lent  him  from  England  fome  Troops, 

new  Coloniils,  Arms  and  Ammunition  ;  vthereupon  he 

immediately  attempted  to  drive  the  French  out  of  that 

Country,  againft  which  his  Britannic  Majefty  had  given 

Affurance  nothing  Ihould  be  enterpfifed  Until  the  Com*- 

fniffaries  had  come  to  a  Determination. 

•  The  firfl:  Outrages  were  committed  againft  the  King's 

Subjedts  fettled  along  the  North  Side  of  the  Peninfula. 

The  Defign  of  the  Englijh  Governor  was  to  force  them 

to  withdraw,  in  order  to  make  room  for  his  new  Colo-^ 

nifts.     The  moft  of  the  French  FamiHes  accbrdingly  were 

obliged  to  abandon  their  Poflefltons  in  the  Peninfula,  and 

•flee  to  feek  refuge  in  other  Parts  of  New- France. 

Encouraged  by  this  Succcfs,  Mr.  Cornwallis  had  a 
Mind  to  treat  in  the  fame  Manner  the  French  that  Were 
fettled  without  the  Peninfula,  on  the  Rivers  that  empty' 
themfeives  either  into  the  %  French-Bay^  or  in^o  the  Gujf 
'■'St.  Lawrence.  Thofe  being  continually  cxpofcd  to  the 
5  TheBay of  Funij.   '         ^  "^  flioft 


•''     i 


"t 


'■h. 


'^^*^iv^*^'^ii&^^.iiH:ii^. 


■;3HP»Wi|l>.'PI^-WWtf'  •-■ 


(    6    ) 

♦loft  cruel  -Treatment,  having  already  fuffered  Wrong* 
and  Outrages  innumerable,  tl^ought  they  had  a  right  to 
demand  of  the  A/<»rj«/i  «/*/«  Jtf»j«/>rff  that  ProtciStion 
which  his  Majefty  owes  to  all  his  Subjects.  The  Marquis 
dt  la  Jonquiere  fent  them  a  fmall  Detachment  of  Soldiers 
and  Militia,  under  the  Command  of  an  Officer,  to  whom 
he  ^ave  particular  Orders,  not  to  attempt  any  Thing 
againft  tht  Englijh  ;  but  only  to  prevent  their  making  any 
Settlpmeat  on  the  Lands  in  the  Poflefllon  of  France-,  and, 
above  all,  nop.  to  ereA  any  Sort  of  Fortification  himfelf. 
Nay  further,  the  Marquis  de  la  Jonquiere  tbok  care  to 
acquaint  Mr.  Cornwallis  of  the  Step  he  had  taken,  his 
Reafons  for  fo  doing,  and  the  Orders  he  had  given  to  that 
Detachment. 

Mr.  Cornwallis  complained  of  that  as  an  Encroach^ 
ment  \  but  as  the  Orders  of  the  Governors  of  Newr 
Frqnce  were  ftridtjy  ohferyed,  the  Difpute  went  no 
further.  • 

A  little  after  this,  two  Things  happened  which  occa- 
fioned  mutual  Complaints,  and  in  which  th6  two  Courts 
warnily  interefted  themfelves. 

Mr.  Cornwallis  conjplajned  of  the  Cruelty  with  which 
the  Abenaquis  Savages  treated  the  Engli/b  that  fell  into 
their  Hands.  Thefe  Outrages  he  imputed  to  the  Sug- 
geftions  .of  the  French  i  and  the  Orders  of  the  Marquis 
de  la  Jonquiere.  The  Ai<ary«/j  fully  juftified  himfelf  frona 
that  reproach  •,  and  indeed  tl^e  Abena^uish&d  only  gratified 
their  private  refentment.  After  the  Treaty  of  Aix  la 
Cbapellf  the  Indian^  at  the  requeft  of  the  French  Gover- 
nor had  ceafed  all  Hoftilities,  but  the  Engiyh  would  never 
look  on  them  as  comprehended  in  the  general  Peace,  but 
ftill  cpntinued  to  purfue  them.  Provoked  at  this,  the 
Indians  revenged  their  private  Injuries  }  and  fo  far  wa* 
the  Marquis  de  la  Jonquiere  from  cnqoma^ng  xhem,  that 
he  only  fought  how  to  caln?  their  Fury.  The  Court  of 
London  Teemed  fatisfied  with  t)ie  Explications  of  the  Matr 
ter  that  were  (cot  to  it,  and  nothing  farther  \ya$  moved' 
in  that  Affair.  ■''■''    ' 

.  ■      •Sep N".  a.  'A .  Thi 


'-'^-»>iitiH^Sin"' 


■^^•wfiff^fwmflH^ 


Fcrcd  Wrong! 
lad  a  right  to 
hat  Protection 

The  Marquis 
ent  of  Soldiers 
cer,  to  whom 
pt  any.  Thing 
eir  making  any 
France;  and, 
cation  himfelf. 

tbok  care  to 
ad  taken,  his 

given  to  that 

an  Encroach- 
lors  of  Newr 
ute  went   no 

d  which  occa- 
le  two  Courts 

ty  with  which 
that  fell  into 
1  to  the  Sug- 
F  the  Marquis 
d  himfelf  frona 
only  gratified 
ity  of  Jix  la 
^rgncb  Gover- 
h  would  never 
ral  Peace,  but 
d  at  this,  the 
ind  fb  far  wa& 
igthem,  that 
rhff  Court  of 
IS  of  the  Matr 
T  was  moved ' 


II    .11 1  mw  imiit 


The  other  Affair  was  more  importaht  in  itfclf,  ancf 
more  dangerous  in  its  Confequences.     Some  Months  ago 
the  Englijh  intercepted  all  the  French  VefTels  which  were 
carrying  Provifions  from  ^sbec,  either  for  the  Support  of 
the    Troops  polled  on  the  Frontiers  of  Canada^  or  for 
ciiftomary  Frefents,  which  the  French  every  Year  make 
the  Indians  in  their  Alliance.     They  feized  oppofite  to 
the  IQand  St.  John^    a  Veflel   from  ^ebec,    called   the 
London^  which  having  carried  Ammunition  to  Cbedaic  f, 
was  returning  empty.     Some^Time  after  they  attacked' 
and   took  in  the  Mouth  of  the  French  Bay,  a  Sloop  of 
War,  called  the  Saint  Franfois^  commanded  by  a  King's 
Officer,  and  having  under  its  Convoy  a  Schooner  laden 
with  Provifions  and  Ammunition  for  the  Detachments  on 
the  River  St.  John.     Thcfe  Captures,  and  the  Plunder- 
ing of  feme  other  VefTels,  were  theSubjeft  of  Complaint* 
addreffed  to  the  Court  of  London.    And  as  no  Satisfadtion 
was  made  to  France^  the  Marquis  de  lajonquiere  thought 
he  had  a  right  to  make  reprifals,  and  accordingly  ordered 
three  or  four  Engli/b  Veffels  to  be  feized  and  confifcated. 
Thefe  Hoftilitics  on  the  Sea,  in  which  you  will  picafe 
to   obferve,  the  Englijh  were  always  the  AggrefTors- 
vere  accompanied   with  fcveral  Enterprifes  againft  thofe 
Countries,    iA  which  according  to  Agreement,  no  Inno- 
vations were  to  have  been  made.  In  the  Month  of  jfpril^ 
1750,  General  Cornwallis  fent  Major  Lawrence  on  an 
Expedition  againft  the  French  Forts  on  the  Continent 
which  were  commanded  by   the  Chevalier  de  Lacorne. 
The  Defign  of  that  Armament  was  inferted  in  the  Bofion 
Gazette  in  New-England^  and  was  looked  on  as  an  Hof- 
tihty  on  the  Part  of  the  Governor.     The  fame  Year,  in 
the  Month  of  Augufi,  there  were  Letters  printed  in  Lon- 
don to  this  Efl=cdt  :  General  Cornwallis  hath  not  confined 
himfelf  to  his  Orders  j  but  having  built  a  Fort  at  Minas^ 
hath  endeavoured  to  penetrate  into  the  Continent,  and  to 
frcure  Succefs  to  his  Defigns,  hath  ordered  a  confiderablfe 
Fortification  to  be  raifed  at  a  Place  called  Cbignitou,  or 
hau-bajjfm^  fituaicd  on  the  Ifthmus,  and  at  the  Head  of 
»  .         -        t  SeeN".  3.  .      _  tht 


"■■# 


%mi 


'**»*^^4«i 


wifm 


".>»f'HH'' 


mfmmmmi'** 


'  \  '^  ■ 


the  Frm*  Bay.     Thcfc  Places  were  ccrtaml^^   in  _thQ 
Number  of  thofe  the  Property  of  >iihich  was  the  Subjca; 

""^ Th^Fr^n'^fi' Officers,  in  order  to  prbtcft  the  Countries 
they  were  in  Poffeflion  of,  againft  an  Invanon  fo  openly 
avowed,  were  obliged  to  erc6t  in  their  Turn  two  littlj 
Forts,  one  oppofire   to  Beau-haffin,  at  a   l^lace  called 
Beaufejour  ;  tiie   other  at  GaJ^pareaux,  on   the  Bay   ot 
yerte    tQ  fcrve  as  a  Magazine  tor  the  Erft,  and  to  lecutc 
ProviVions  for  it  by  the  Gulf  of  f-Law^'l'''  ^.  ,    ,  ^  ^ 
What  paffed  at  the  building  of  jB** «  4#»,  Ihewcd  the, 
Neceffity  of  thcfc  two  Fort$,  which  were  defigned  for  a 
Security  to  the  Continent.     For  General  ar»«;<»///i  had 
inarched  fome  Troops  with  fome  Piefces  of  Cannon  againft 
the  Inhabitants  of  the  Ifthmus,  who  being  terriaed,  fct 
Fire  to  their  Habitations,  and  betook  themfclves  to  h  light. 
"What  is  very  fingular  •,  the  Englifi  Geperal.  who  had 
reduced  the  French  and  their  Indian  Allies  to  that  cruel 
Extremity,  had  the  Aflurance  to  complain  of  an  HoltHity 
on  their  Parti  an  Hoftility  indeed  of  a  new Kuid,  and 
which,  as  it  appears,  confifted  only  in  abandoning  their 
own  Country  upon  being  invaded  •  by  powerful  Strangers. 
Thefe  Complaints  therefore  of  Mr.  Cornwalhs  only  pro- 
duced a  clearing  up  of  the  Matter,  which  ooght  to  con- 
vince the  King  of  England  of  the  regular  Proceedings  of 
the  Court  of  France^  and  the  earned  Dcfire  it  had  to  pre- 

/  The  Confequence  of  that  Explication  was  «  formal 
Declaration,  in  which  his  Britannic  U^^^  alTurcs  the 
King,  that  he  had  fent  new  Orders  to  attetnpt  nothing. 
The  King,  on  his  Part,  repeated  the  Order$  he  had 
already  fent  to  the  Marquis  de  la  Jonqutere. 

Whether  the  Court  of  London  aftually  took  any 
Meafures  to  prevent  General  Cormvallis  from  going  any 
farther,  or  whether  the  Vigilance  with  which  the  Marjwi 
de  la  Jonqutere  provided  againft  a  Surprize,  put  a  btpp 
to  the  Proceedings  of  the  Englip,  they  made  no  mord 
Attempts  on  that  Side,  but  kept  thcrafelvc*  wuhinthejr 


^^iit.v^H'  "-ii.w 


■  I'lii&if'^"-'"''^''^ 


irninnv 


crtainly  in  th^ 
was  the  Subjed; 

ft  the  Countries 
rafion  fo  openly 
Turn  two  litclc 
a  ^lice  called 
on  the  Bay  of 
ft,  and  to  iecucc 
rence. 

afitt,  fhewcdthc 
re  defigned  for  a 
1  Cornwallis  had 
f  Cannon  againft 
ring  terrified,  fct 
nlelves  to  Flight, 
eperal,  who  had 
lies  to  that  cruel 
jn  of  an  HoftiHty 
a  new  Kind,  and 
abandoning  their 
jwertul  Strangers. 
iwalUs  only  pro- 
ich  ooght  to  con- 
ar  Proceedings  of 
ifire  it  had  to  pre> 

911  was  a  formal 
I^fty  affuresthc 
I  attempt  nothing, 
c  Orders  he  had 
iere. 

ftually  took  any 
s  from  going  any 
which  the  Marquis 
•prize,  put  a  Stpp 
ley  made  no  mprd 
jfelvc*  within  their 
Fort* 


t 

I 
i 
t 
I 


Forti 
quiet 
Year 
give  ; 
fuffer 
tolor 
tc-ef^ 
fertioi 
Succc 
who  i 
which 
Bill 
Side  c 
plied 
W^s  n 
there 
than  I 

Called 
and  I 
ccrhcc 
were  i 
River 
Gentli 
theK 
comp 
theO 

frequ( 
ever 
The/ 
thcB< 
Th 
leflcBi 
enviec 
fomc 
River 
up  thi 


fmrnm 


IWMMMIi 


RMPH 


mm 


(  9  )  -  , 
Fortiat  M»«and  Beau-baffm :  And  the  B'emB  remained 
quiet  in  thofe  of  Btau-fejour  and  Gafpareaux.  '  From-thft 
Year  1751,  to  the  Expedition  in  1755,  of  which  wefhall 
give  dn  Account  in  the  Sequel,  that  Part  of  New-Prance 
ftiffered  nothing  from  the  Neighbourhood  of  the  Engli/b 
Colonies  A  good  Underftanding  fcemed  again  to  be 
i"e-eftabIilTied,  fo  that  to  put  an  End  to  the  frequent  Pe- 
fcrtions  on  that  Frontier,  the  Marquis  du  ^efney  thi 
Succeflbr  of  the  Marquis  de  la  Jonqtti&e,  and  Mr.  IM/om, 
who  fuccecded  General  CornwaWs^  agreed  to  a  Cartel, 
which  was  ftriftly  oblerved  from  1752,  till  laft  Year. 

But  if  Tranquility  feemed  to  be  re-eftablilhed  on  the 
Side  cf  Atadia^  Enterprizes  and  ^loftlKies  were  nuilri-'. 
plied  bn  anotlier  Side,  in  which  the  Prefehration  oi  Canada 
Was  not  lefs  concerned.  To  fix  the  Origin  and  Date  of 
thefe  Troubles,  it  is  neceflary  to  gb  back  a  little  farther 
than  the.  Treaty  of  y*W<»Ci&/7/^//^.  ^ 

J  J<^  0*'»»  or  L»  belle  Riviere,  H  it  is  fometimer^x 
called,  forms  a  natural  Communicaupm  between  Canada 
and  Loiijlana,  by  the  Lake  Erie,  ttfc  m^frA  being  con- 
cerned both  to  difcover  and  jireferve  that  Communication, 
were  the  Firft  that  tractd  out  the  whble  Courfe  of  that 
Ktver,  part  of  which  Was  vifited  by  M.  de  Id  Salle^  i 
Gentlenran  of  Normandy,  in  the  Year  1679.  '"  i7»2t 
the  King  in  his  Letters  Patent  for  the  Settling  of  L<ja/>74»^, 
comprehended  the  River  Wabafi,  which  empties  itfelf  into 
the  Ohio,  and  ito  general  all  the  Rivers  that  faH  into  the 
Miffijippi.  Since  that  Time,  the  Ohio  has  never  been 
frequented  by  any  but  the /t^»<:A  ;  nor  did  the  figf //^ 
ever  make  any  Pretenfions  to  the  Igrtds  waterc^%  i^. 
The  jlpalaehianMoxittt^xm  Kivealw^bcen  looked  on  as 
rile  Bounds  of  their  CoiOTiieJ. 

The  EngHfl>M\tm^y  wlio  negTefted  no  Meahs  of 
leflcfiing  th6  Trade  bffranci^  hM  tor  feme  Time  paft 
envied  it  that  advamaseous  Cd'rnii^Uhieation.  Ifl  1749 
fome  Englifi,  Traders  t*^an'a  contraband  trade  on  that  . 
Rjvcr  ;  and  it  was  difcoVered  that  they  privatery  ftirred 
up  the  Indians  to  a  War  with  the  FreM,    Whereuptfh 

S.  the 


m— >iiw^j»»pWWi»iywq>BWW,.ii  ij>  m  www^mwmw^w 


^^1 


(      10      )- 

the  Count  di  la  Calif  oniere  fcnt  thither  M.  CeUrin^  tn 
Officer  from  Canada^  wiih  Onlcrs,  not  to  ufe  any  Violence 
againft  thofe  (Irange  Fradcrsi  but  only  to  enioin  them  to 
withdraw,  and,  in  Cafe  of  their  obftinate  Continuance,  to 
fcize 'heir  Goods.     That  Enjoinnirnt  had  alitheEffeds 

'  that  could  be  tcfircd  :  The  Engtip  Traders  were  obliged 
to  remove,  and  were  ftri^ly  charged  never  to  return 
thither.  M .  Celeron  alfo,  upon  fome  of  the  Traders  pro- 
ducing their  Commiflions  from  the  Governor  of  Pennfil- 
vania,  give  them  a  Letter  for  him  •,  and  in  it  he  acquainted 
the  Governor  of  what  had  palTed,  and  prayed  him  not 
only  not  to  grant  any  Tuch  Commiflions  for  the  l<^uturc, 
but  alfo  to  put  |i  Stop  to  that  contraband  Tf ade  which 
was  carried  on  by  the  Bfigli/h  of  his  Government,  on  this 
Lands  of  the  King. 

M.  Celeron  was  no  fooner  gone  from  le  6elU  Riviere i 
than  the  Engli/b  Traders  returned  m  Crouds.  They  had 
Orders  from  the  Government  to  excj^e  the  Indians  to  take 
up  Arms  againft  Prance^  nay,  they  even  brought  thefA 
J^rms  and  Ammut^tion.  In  1750  the  Marquis  de  la 
Jonquiere  was  obliged  again  to  lend  different  Detachments, 
always  with  the  feme  Orders,  not  to  ufe  any  Violence 
againft  the  Englijh,  and  to  keep  in  Awe  the  Indiani  that 
had' revolted.  Accordingly  they  were  ufed  with  all  Gen- 
klends  :  However  to  prevenr  the  Progrcfs  of  that  contra- 
band Trade,  it  was  thought  necefTary  to  feizefour  Englijh 
Traders,  who  in  Spite  of  the  Prohibition'  continued  the 
Trade,  and  who  heretofore  had  been  very  much  fufpeded 
of  having  endeavoured  to  make  the  Indians  revolt.  They 
wenicondu£bed  to  Canada  :  The  Marquis  de  la  Jonqftiert 
himtelf  qucftione^ftihem,  and  their  Anfwcrs  f  convinced 
fiim  of  the  Certainty  of  the  Advice  «he  had  received.  It 
wai^pfovcd  that  the  Governor  of  Pinnjihania  had  actually 
lent  Arms  and  Ammunition  and  other  Prefents  to  the 

.   Indians  to  excite  them  lb  a  War.    thereupon  the  Marquis 

de  la  Jonquiere  without  Hefitation  fcnt  thefe  four  Englijb 

Men  to  France ^  and  they  were  kept  fofhe  time  Prifoneri 

tit  Ruki/le.    My  Lord  AlbemarU,  who  was  then  Englijlt 

t*e«N».  ||  KmbaUkdor, 


intenc 
T^ 
thenif 
much 
thofe  J 
of  Su 
I  did  no 
Detacl 
in  a  vc 
abfoJut 
Govcn 
thrcatn 
march 
keep  c 
March 
The 
fome\j 
AlarniJ 
figns  of 
having 
M.  de  i 
do,  wa( 
BlockKt 

Therl 
Vhen  h< 
Aimmor 
that  he 
GeneralJ 
mons  f] 
aliPolit] 
iffcter. 

t  The! 

fi'mttime  [ 


%;-    -':y,-mt'ti-^'^^^-'--'tMt*i^^'*'^^''''^^-'^ 


;Vf.  CeUrSn,  «n 
lie  any  Violence 

enjoin  them  w 
[Tonunuancc,  to 
I  alithcEffcas 
ers  were  obliged 
lever   to  return 
the  Traders  pro- 
crnor  of  Pennfil- 
I  it  l.e  acquainted 
prayed  him  not 
for  the  tuiure, 
ind  Trade  which 
rernment,  onihie 

I  le  Me  Riviere, 
ouds.    They  had 
le  Indians  to  take 
^en  brought  thetti 
,e  Marquis  de  la 
rent  Detachments, 
,  ufe  any  Violence 
re  the  Indiani  that 
ufcd  with  allGen- 
rcfsof  thatcontra- 
afeizcfourfw^/^^ 
iqn'  continued  the 
ry  much  fufpcfted 
Hans  revolt.  They 
quisdelajonquiere 
ifwers  t  convinced 
:  had  received.     I; 
/vanitf  hadaaually 
cr  Pfefents  to  the 
reUpontheAfarjai; 
t  thcfe  four  EngUjb 
otnc  time  Prifoneri 
ho  was  then  Ef!gliJ» 
Kmba0»dor, 


H    II    ) 

PmbalTador,  and  to  whom  thry  applied  for  Protedllon,' 
folicitcd  their  Liberty,  without  compVuning  of  tlic  Kcdkm 
for  which  they  were  deprived  of  it.,  The  King  ordered 
them  to  be  diicharged,  and  fomc  Monry  alfo  to  be  given 
them  :  For  which  my  Lord  Alhemarle  thanked  the  Super- 
intendent of  the  Marine,  as  for  a  pt  rfonai  Favour. 

The  Moderation  with  which  thf  French  had  conduced 
thenifelves,  fervcd  to  embolden  the  Indians  on  Ohio  info- 
much  that  there  was  room  to  fear  a  general  Confpiracy  of 
thofe  People,  to  w^om  th*  Englijh  had  promifed  all  kinds 
of  Succour.  Neverthelelj  the  Marquis  de  la  Jonquiere 
did  no  more  in  1751  than  he  had  done  in  1750,  but  the 
Detachments  that  were  fent  difcbvercd  that  I'hings  were 
in  a  very  great  Ferment,  the  ill  Eflrefts  of  which  it  was 
abfoluteiy  neccflary  to  prevent  with  all  Expedition.  The 
Governor  of  (Hannda  convinced  that  the  Colony  was 
threatncd  with  an  Invafion  of  Indians^  was  preparing  to 
march  a  more  confiderable  Body  of  Troops  in  order  to 
keep  them  in  Awe,  when  he  died  in  the  Month  of 
March  1752. 

The  Marquis  du  ^efne  his  SuccefTor  arrived  at  ^uebtc 
fomc  Months  after.  Finding  the  Colony  in  the  greateft 
Alarm,  he  made  all  haft  to  carry  into  Execution  the  De- 
figns  of  the  Marquis  de  la  Jonquiere  ;  but  leveral  i  hings 
having  retarded  the  March  of  the  Detachments,  all  that 
M.  de  Saint  Pierre^  who  had  the  Command  of  it,  could 
do,  was  to  ereft  at  a  fmall  Diftance  from  Lake  £r/V,  a 
BlockHoufe,  in  which  he  paffed  the  Winter j  from  1753 

There  he. remained  quiet  tillthe  Mon«h  of  Odober  1 753, 
vhcn  hp  received  a  Letter  from  the  Governor  or  Virginia, 
fommoning  him,  to  withdraw.  To  this  he  only  anfwcr'd, 
that  he  was  on  French  Ground,  and  by  the  Order  of  his 
General,  to  wJ|om  he  was  going  to  difpatch  that  Sum- 
mons f .  As  to  the  reft  of  his  Conduft,  he  treated  with 
«U  Politenefs  the  £irr///&  Officer  who  brought  him  the 
tlfcter.  '^  .  The 

t  The  Governor's  T.etter,  and  A/,  dt  Saint  PJtrre's  Anfwer,  vfetc 
(bmttime  ago  inferted  in  the  public  Newi  Papers  in  Ltnu'ti. 


i5' 


A 


4 


'^~"  'illMT 


(  I^  ) 

The  Marqms  du  ^efnf  at  the  (anoe  Time  tliat  he  wai 
in6)rined  of  this  Stcj)  qt  the  Governor  of  Virginia ^  received 
Advice  from  all  Farts  of  the  Frcparaiions  the  EngliJk 
Colonies  were  making  to  attack  the  French^  under  i'tt^ 
tcnce  of  fiiccouring  'the  Indians.  Thefc  Ffcpatation^ 
Were  approved  of  by  the  Court  of  London^  in  as  much  a^ 
they  were  publidied  in  all  the  Englijb  Gazettes  fince  that 
Time,  even  to  the  Harangues  by  wliich  the  Governors  ol* 
New  England  and  Virginia  laboured  to  engage  the  inJiaM* 
(o  a  War  with  the  Irtfub. 

The  Englijfjh.id  already  paflTcdthc  Apala^bian  Mountaint, 
with  an  Army  anil  feme  Pieces  of  Cannon,  when  M.  d^ 
Contietdur^  who  had  taken  the  Command  of  that  De- 
tachment, which  formerly  belonged  tu  Af.  de  St.  Pitrrt^ 
advanced  in  the  Spring  of  the  Year  1754.  with  five  of 
(ix  Hundred  Men,  towards  the  Ohio.  He  found  the 
kn^tifij  adlually  entrenched  in  a  little  Fort  which  they  had 
built  between  the  Obia  md  Riviere  U  Beuf^  {French 
preck].  They  did  not  exceed  Fifty  in  Number,  and  were 
commanded  by  Capt.  7*r^»/.  They  were  ||  fummoned  to 
^purt  unmediately  out  of  the  Liands  belonging  to  i-'r<Mr^. 
'I'hcy  obeyed,  and  quietly  evacuated  their  Fort  •,  they 
alfo  prayed  M.  de  Contiemur  to  give  them  foqie  Provi- 
fions,  which  they  were  in  want  ot  ;  He  ordered  them  a 
plentiful  Sup|)Jy,  and  deftroyed  their  For(. 

Having  continued  his  March  to  the  Obia^  he  found  on 
its  Banks  the  Traces  of  4  Fort  which  ^hc  Engtfjb  iutendcti 
to  build,  but  which  they  had  no  doubt  abandonee!  M  the 
Kews  of  his  Approach  •,  there  he  fettled  and  fortified  himi 
fclf.  As  they  wer;  worluag  at  the  Entrenchments  of  that 
Fortification,  which  they  called  ^ort  du  ^eff'j  M.. 
de  Cotaiecceur  was  informed  th't  a  con(Ideri^)lf 
Body  of  Forces  was  marching  towards  him.  Hcr«t 
upon  he  charged  M.  dfjumonvilley  with  a  writtei> 
Summons,  in  Form  of  a  Letter,  directed  fe)  the  firft  Engr 
hfb  Officer  he  fljould  meet :  f  It  was  date^  the  2,:jd  of 
May^  1754,  and  was  almoft  of  the  fame  Tenor  wi£h||if 


Summons  before  Tent  to  Captain  Trent. 

t  See  N»  7. 


He  aflurcd  the 
E^'glUk 


mmtirH«ti>- 


iTilrtWli 


itfmm 


T- 


^1^ 


\c  that  he  wai 
linia,  reccivcil 

i  the  lingliA 
b,  uniler  I'rt- 
Pjrcpat-^tion^ 
in  as  much  ai^ 
ettes  fincc  that 
c Governor*  ok* 
;ag;e  the  InJioMS 

bian  Meuntaim 
,  when  M.  M 
d  of  that  De- 
.  de  St.  PUrre^ 

with  five  or 
He  found  the 
Which  they  had 

Bcuff  [trench 
jrobcr,  and  were 
:  11  fummoned  tp 
ingingtoir^wf*. 
,cir  Fortv  they 
em   foppeProvi- 

ordcrcd  them  a 

rt.  , 

hie,  he  found  ot< 

EngliJb  iutendcd 
■bandoncci  at  the 
ind  fortified  himi 
:Qchraenls  of  that 
du  ^efne,  M, 
a    confiderahlf 

d&  him.    Hc«"«' 
with  a  wtiuei> 

datc^.  the  23d  of 
Tenor  wiihl^f 
lie  affurcd  the 
Evgliik 


(     II     ) 

EngUft>  that  no  Violence  would  be  offered  them,  and  fur- 
thermore, defircd  the  Englijb  Commander  to  return  hia 
Anfwer  by  M . de  JumtnvUUy  aail  to  treat  that  Officer 
with  thac  Diflindion  and  Kcf|>ed  which  he  dcl'rrved. 

That  Deputy  fct  out  with  an  EtLurt  ot  1  hirty  Men^ 
and  the  next  Morning  found  hui  1  If  furruundrd  by  9 
Numhec  pf  EngHJh  and  Indians :  1  he  Engli/b  quickly 
fired  two  Vollies,  vyiiich  killed  (omc  Solilicrs.  M.  dejm 
tnonvtlU  made  a  Sign  that  he  had  a  i  <  rtcrfrom  his  Ct^nr* 
mandcr  \  hereupon  the  Fire  ccafcd,  and  ibcy  furroundetl 
the  Frentb  Officer,  in  order  to  hear  i|.  lie  immediately 
ordered  the  Summons  to  be  read,  and,  ai  itwaa  reading 
the  fecond  Time,  the  Englijb  airalfinated  him.  Thq  reft 
of  the  French  that  efcorted  him  wrre,  u{)on  the  Spot,,  mat^ 
Prifoners  of  War.  The  only  one  who  efcai^ed,  and  whp 
gave  M.  de  Conliecccur  a  circumftantial  Account  of  th<^^ 
Affair,  allured  him,  that  the  Indians  who  were  with  the 
Englijh^  had  not  fired  a  Gun  \  and  that  at  the  Inftant  M. 
d»  jfumonvilk  was  airaflfinated,  they  thcew  themfeLv«a  io 
between  the  French  and  their  Enemies.    - 

That  Murder  produced  an  F  ffcdt  in  the  Minds  qL  thf 
Indians^  which  Major  A^<}/(2)4»i;^0X,  who  w#a  i|t,thc  Peacl 
of  thajt  £;^/fy^  betachmeot,  dul  pot  ip  thf  leaft  expedt, 
F.ven  thofe,  who,  by  the  Suggefttons  of!  the  Engltflf^  had 
been  moft  animated  againlt  the  French,  catn^  and  oftcc*4 
to  go  themfelves.  and  revenge  that  Cdgo^. 

The  Marquis  du  ^j^^yisif  would  no£  accept  the  OfiTer  of 
a  Nation  always  cruel  in  their  Vengeance.  H9  iroaginf^ 
at  firfl;,  that  the  EngUJh  vinyjiiiX  difairaw  the  Facl,  ai^ 
thro>y  it  upon  the  Fiercenefs  of  fome  Traders  v  but  ithaf 
been  fince  proved  that  nothing  w^s  done  but  by  the  Ott 
dcrsof  the  Governors  of  the  EngUlk  Col9nics.  fW«  h»we 
the  original  Journal  \  of  Mi^pr  fVa^^gtoUf,  ^Om  which 
it  is  apparent  that  whathe  diid«,  waa  by  Virtue  of  exprefs 
Orders  which  he  had  received.  It  was  a  Thing  before 
agreed  upon*  to  attack  the  French  wherever  they  cuuld  be 
p^i  with. 

$  See  N»   8.    ^  V^ 


1     *• 


I 


■'^^iwaff>i^'iiiite^<r'----i'-ii'tifii>^iih-'ti'^ii 


(     14     ) 

As  the  EngliJIj  made  no  Satisfaflion  to  M.  Contiecaurl 
he,  upon  receiving  lnftru(flions  from  the  Marquis  du 
^efne,  enilf-avoured  to  difcover  the  i'hce  where  the 
Nuirderers  had  retired  to.  He  was  informed  that  Major 
Wijjhin^ton^  with  his  Detachment,  was  in  a  litrlc  Fort 
which  the  Eit^Ufh  had  built,  and  called  Fort  Necejftty^ 
where  he  waited  the  Arrival  of  fome  new  Troops  that 
were  deftinec  to  come  and  attack  Fort  du  ^,efnc.  He 
thereupon  fent  out  a  Detachmenr  tb  recover,  if  poflible, 
the  French  Priforiers,  or  at  lead' to  oblige  the  Etiglf/b  to 
withdraw  froni  ihe  Lands  belonging  to  the  French.  M. 
de  Villiers,  the  Brother  of  M.  dejunionville^  was  charged 
with  that  Cpmriiiflion,  and  tiie  Inftruftions  given  him 
were  entirely  confined  to  that.  He  was  alfo  cxprefsly  com- 
manded, not  to  ufe  any  Violence,  if  the  EngUjh  would 
withdraw. 

He  left  Fort'i?«  "^uefne  the  28th  of  7«;/(?,  and  having 
paffed  the  Place  wherd  the  Murder  was  committed,  and 
where  the  Bodies  of  the  French  (lill  lay ;  he  arrived  the 
third  of  7«/)'.,  ih  Sight  of  Von  Neceftty.  The  Englijb, 
•whaH»!'erc  without  the  Fort, -fired  a  Volley,  and  retired 
int^t.  The  Fort  was  immediately  invefted,  and  attack- 
ed: The  JFire  was  very  hot,  but  M.  Villiers  put  a  Stop 
to  it  about  eight  o'Clock  at  Night,  in  order  to  propofe  to 
the*£»|'/(^a''Surrender,toavoidanAffault,  which  would 
have  cxpofed  them  to  all  the  Cruelties  of  the  Indians ^  even 
in  Spight  of  the  French,  The  Propofal  was  accepted, 
ind  the  Capitulation  drawn  ujh  The  French  would  not 
make  them  Prifoners,  becaufe  they  did  not  look  on  them - 
fclves  as'at  War.  They  only  demanded,  that  rhofe  who 
rfcorted  M.  Jumpnville  {hould  be  returned.  Mi]or  IVafir 
ingtori  engaged  to  fend  them  to  Fort  du  ^efne^  and  gave 
Hoftages  for,  the  Performance  of  his  Promife.  In  fine, 
the  Ew^/Z/^  were  fufiered  to  depart  with  one  Piece  of  Can- 
non, and  all  their  Effe6ls.  §  They  themfelves  acknov/- 
Jedged,  in  the  firft  Article  of  that  Capitulation,  that  the 
Defign  of  the  French  was  only  to  revenge  the  Jffaffination 
ef-a  French  Officer  ^  the  Carrier  of  a  Summons.  The  Ca- 
§s.-eN».  9.  pitulatioa 


r ''"•^■^' Wf  I  m  miviinilr-— ^- 


<m<imi»! 


iJiiiwiiiiiiniin 


to  M.  Cofttiecaurl 
the  Marquis  du 
IMace  where  the 
ormed  that  Major 
'as  in  a  lifle  Fort 
id  Fort  Necejftty^ 
new  Troops  that 
:t  du  ^.efne.  He 
cover,  if  poflible, 
lige  the  Englijb  to 
the  French.  M. 
ville^  was  charged 
ndions  given  him 
alfo  cxprefslycom- 
the  Englijh  would 

■  June^  and  having 
IS  committed,  and 
ay  ;  he  arrived  the 
f/y.  The  Englijh, 
olley,  and  retired 
ireftcd,  andattack- 
'illiers  put  a  Stop 
order  to  propofe  to 
Fault,  which  would 
f  the  Indians,  even 
ofal  was  accepted, 
;  French  would  not 

not  look  on  them - 
?d,  that  thofe  who 
rned.  Major  ^<»/!?r 
a  ^efne,  and  gave 

Promife.  In  fine, 
h  one 'Piece  of  Can- 
chemfelvesacknoW- 
pitulation,  that  the 
5ge  the  Jffaffinatlon 
Ummons.  The  Ca- 
pitulatioa 


I-**™^!*!*!! 


T 


"'i'lW!?^' 


(     '5    ) 


|itulation  being  figned,  and  the  Fort  evacuated,  fho 
trench  deftroyed  it,  and  returned  to  Fort  du  ^uefne,  with 
the  two  Hoftages.  ^    *        ^ 

But  that  Agreement,  to  which  feven  or  dght  Hundred 
tnghlhmen  owed  their  Lives,  was  by  no-Means  executed 
on  their  Part  The  Prifoners  were  never  fent  buck  to 
Jort  du  ^ue/ne  :  Out  of  twenty  that  ,vere  taken,  ftvcn 
have  been  lent  to  £»^/W,  where  they  arrived  feparately. 
atter  having  fuffer'd  the  moft  unworthy  Treatment  Up- 
on their  Arrival,  they  inapbred  the  Afliftanceof  the  Duke 
deMtrepoix,  who  fent  them  over  to  France  mhc  Ex 
pence  of  the  King  i  what  is  become  of  the  reft,  we  are 
altogether  Ignorant.  ' 

Pej  haps  the  Motive  which  induced  the  Enplifh  to  de- 
^in  the  Pnfoners    was  a  Piece  of  Cunning  on  their  Part. 
The  ^rw^.  would  have  made  no  Hefitation  in  ipndinff 
back  the  Hoftages  immediately  ;  but  thefe  had  theiRiOr- 
ders,  and  their  Stay  at  Fort  du  ^efne  was  too  advanta- 
8'°J?^  for  ti^tEngm  to  think  of  having  them  iciroved.      • 
.u      L    ^^?^S«  "anied,'-  the  one  yacoi  yimlrane,    and   "^ 
tht  oihtr  Robert  Stobo,  were  two  very  crafty  Spies,  and  'V. 
found  Means  to  carry  on  a  Correfpondence  with  the  £«?- 

Ia\  i^fo'rl.  h^"%T'  L°""^"'"°"S  the  Papers  which 
fell  into  the  Hands'ofthei^rm^  after  the  Battle  of  the 
9th  ^JJuhyiySSy  the  Letters  which  Robert  Stobo,  one 
Of  the  Hoftages,  had  written  to  Major  fVqAimton  + 

lx:!i^fv'  ^8^«7«^^»  J°  ^hich  is'anne Jr al, ex^A 
Plan  of  Fort  du  ^uefne,  which  he  had  himfelf  drawn,  de- 
ferves,  above  all.  a  careful  Perufal.  In  it  that  Spy  aives 
a  very  juft  Account  of  iheSituat  on  the  French  were  then 
in,  their  Number,  and  their  Forces  :  He  fticws  both  the 
Time  when  the  F.nglifi  might  attack  the  Fort,  and  the 
fureft  Way  to  make  themfelves  Matters  of  it  •  But  what 
IS  particularly  to  be  remarked  in  that  Letter,  i^  that  not- 
withftanding  that  Englilhman  feemed  to  be  animated  with 
Fury  againft  the  French,  yet  he  is  obliged  to  do  Juftice 
tp  their  peaceable  DifpoHtions.  "'         • 

■--■-^  '^  ■■-■-  .  ,  ,    ■',:.    .V-,    The  • 


■■•f 


*'•..-    J..    JSt.^ 


mm 


MRffP'iP' 


(  iS  ) 
The  Enzm  were  «|u\te  of  a  diflfcrent  Temper  :  Major 
Waft>ington  did  not  dare  to  attempt  any  Thing,  btcaufc  he 
had  not  Forces  enough  ;  but  from  that  lime  ^a  I  the 
Emlilb  Colonies  were  in  Motion  to  execute  the  Plan  ot 
ierneral  Inyafion,  formed  and  fent  trom  LoKdon  at.a 
r^e  len'l^  Commiffaries  of  the  Enghjb  Nation  at 
Paris  feemed  to -hare  nothing  more  at  Heart,  than  to 
foncu'rwiththofeoftheKinginfcttlin^iPlanof  Agreement: 

The  Faas  which  I  am  now  giiing  to  relate,  delerve  a 
Very  ferious  Attention.  It  is  v»1lh  regret  they  are  pub- 
hfhcd:  but  the  Intcreft  of  Truth  requires  rt-,  bcfides,  itlS 

hcceffary  that  Eurcfe.  ^»^'^ 'f  ^'^'-'^^^T ^  J'^f  ,Tu/ 
"War,  ftiould  at  lengrh  know  the  true  Authors  6T  a  Rup- 
ture   the  Confequenccs  of  which  cannot  but  be  fatal. 

fent  thp  feveral  Governors  of  th<r  Engl,ft>  Colonies  Orde« 
refi*Rine  the  Manner  in  which  they  ought  %)condott 
thcmfelv?!.  *i<h  regard  td  the  FrencB.     As  we  have  not 

•  the  Otdersi  we  can  only  judge  of  their  Contents,  by  the 
Behaviour  of  the  Englijh.  From  the  Inftruaion»_^)f  his 
Britannic  MajeOy.  found  among  the  Papere  of  General 
Braddotk,  we  learn,  that  he  exhorted  the  Governors  to 
imite  their  Endeavours  for  carrying  Jnto  Execution  a 
ftudied  and  preconcerted  Plan.  .  .,  •  a    „.«^ 

On  thegd  of  July,  i754»  »^«  ^^''T'l  ^u*^'?^^!^ 

•  hew  Ord^i  for  the  Execution  of  which,  he  fent  the 
GovernoHr  yifginia  ten  thoufand  Pounds  Sterling;  with 
Liberty  to^raw  on  England  for  ten  thoufand  Pounds  more. 

On  the  25th  and  26th'  of  OSfokr,  1754*  and  on  thft 
Ath  of  November  of  the  fame  Year,  the  King  of  £»^/^»'« 
irote  to  the  Governors  of  the  Englifh  Colonies  other  Let- 
'  ters.  which  contain^  Schemes  of  mifitary  Operattons,  fincc 
one  of  the  Inftruftions  given  the  25th  of  Ntvetl^er  1754. 
t6  General  Braddock,  is,  to  confult  thofe  Letters  and  to 
4ft  agreeable  thereto.  r  u- 

AU.this  e6uld  not  be  the  EfFcft  or  Confequence  of  the 
Ouarrels  that  happened  at  the  0^/ff :  For  it  was  impoffiblc 
^t  the  News  of  them  could  have  yet  reached  London. 

ricrc 


<liitoiihitnit'iiifi»itt-  ri 


mMiebMi^ii^ 


.jMtfi-  -i»Jt»*>-«i>»-'««'' 


empcr  :  Major 
ling,  bccaufc  he 
t  Time  all  the 
ute  the  Plan  of 
■n  LorJon,  at. a 
iglijb  Nation  at 
Heart,  thantd 
m  of  Agreement: 
■elate,  deferve  a 
tt  they  arc  pub- 
it-,  befideSj  itiS 
;d  with  a  bloody 
jthors6taRup- 
but  be  fatal, 
of  Great- Britain 
Colonies  Orders 
)Ught%)  condoft 
As  we  have  not 
Contents,  by  the 
nftruaion»*of  his 
apers  of  General 
the  Governors  to 
into  Execution  a 

tnic  Majefty  gav« 
hich,  he  fent  the 
inds  Sterling;  with 
and  Pounds  moi^e. 
754,  and  on  thft 
ieKingof£»^/<»»'* 
:olonies  other  Let* 
y  Operations,  fincc 
)f  isjfvettSer  1754, 
lofe  Letters  and  to 

Confequence  of  the 
'or  it  was  impoffible 
reached  London. 
Here 


•!SSf!g 


■lilll 


(     17    ). 

Here  then  is  a  Plan  formed,  and  Operations  com- 
menced. But  what  thofe  Operations  were,  it  is  of  Im- 
porcance  to  examine. 

In  the  Month  of  September,  1 7^4,  Colonel  Braddock 
was  nominated  by  his  5r//<»««/VMajefty,  General  of  all 
th:  Forces  that  were,  or  that  fhould  be  fent  to  Nertb- 
Jmerica.  Immediately  the  Troops  prepared  to  embark 
in  Ireland,  which  alarmed  France.  We  fhall  fee  prcfcntly 
whether  there  was  any  Foundation  for  Miftruft. 

Commodore  Keppel  was  appointed  to  command  the 
Fleet,  which  was  to  favour  the  Attempts  they  had  deter- 
mined to  make  by  Land ;  and  when  the  Veffels  were  juft 
ready  to  fet  Sail,  the  King  caufed  co  be  drawn  up  and 
figned  at  St.  Jameses,  on  the  25th  of  November ,  an  In- 
ftrudion,  containing  Thirty  Articles. 

As  it  referred  to  the  Orders  which  had  been  before 
given  to  the  Governors  of  the  Colonies,  it  does  not  con- 
tain a  circumftantial  Account  of  the  Operations  intrufted . 
to  the  General.  There  we  fee  that  he  was  commanded 
to  execute  a  Plan,  for  doing  which,  he  was  to  aft  in 
Concert  both  with  Mr.  Keppei,  and  the  Governors  of  the 
Colonies;  that,  that  Plan  contained  a  Train  of  mili- 
tary Expeditions,  of  which  he  was  to  render  an  Account 
to  the  Minifter  who  was  charged  with  fending  him  fuller 
Orders  from  Time  to  Time. 

The  Duke  of  Cumberland,  to  whom,  as  it  appears,  his 
Britannic  Majefty  committed  the  Arrangement  of  the 
general  Plan,  caufed  to  be  drawn  up  mere  particular  In- . 
Itruftions  for  General  Braddock^  They  were  contained  in 
a  long  Letter  which  was  written  to  him  by  Colonel  Napier, 
in  the  Name  of  his  Royal  Highnefs,  and  which  was  dated 
the  fame  tfth  Day  of  November  1 754.  That  Letter  •, 
which  deferves  a  particular  Attentbn,  contains  the  Order 
and  Succeffion  of^  thofe  Operations,  which  had  been  con- 
certed long  before  at  the  Court  of  London.  I  fay  long 
before ;  For  indeed  Colonel  Napier  begins  with  informing 
General  Braddock,  who  was  then  in  Ireland,  that  the  In- 
ftruftions  hp  was  going  to  give  him  in  writing,  were  only 
•SeeN".  iz.  ]jL    *  the 


pV^v* 


i 


\' 


M^.:^ 


hi' 


m 


(     i8     ) 

the  refulc  of  thofe  which  his  Royal  Hijghnefs  had  hitnfelf 
given  the  General  in  the  feveral  Converfations  he  had  with 
him. 

I  fhall  not  here  enter  upon  a  Detail  of  all  that  is  con- 
tainM  in  that  Letter  of  Inftrudions.  It  does  more  Honour 
to  the  Abilities  of  the  General  of  an  Army,  than  to  the 
Intentions  of  the  Prince  in  whofe  Name  it  was  written. 
From  that  authentic  Piece,  it  is  apparent,  that  for  certain 
in  the  Month  of  November^  1754*  and  very  likely  many 
Months  before,  it  was  refolvcd  on  in  England  to  attack 
Canada  on  all  Sides,  and  that  the  Method  of  doing  it^ 
was  fettled  and  made  known  to  the  feveral  Commanders 
whofe  united  Endeavours  were  all  to  be  diredted  to  the 
fame  Objedt.  We  fee  that  General  Braddock  was  to  make 
himfelf  Matter  of  Fort  dti  ^ejne,  thence  proceed  to  Ni- 
iigaray  and  to  reduce  that  Place  -,  that  Fort  Frederick  v/ns 
to  be  attacked,  and  carried  by  the  Provincial  Troops  i 
and,  finally,  that  Colonel  Lawrence  was  charged  with  re- 
ducing Fort  Beaufe/iur,  in  the  IJlhmuSy  and  that  all  thefe 
Expeditions  were  to  be  fcconded  by  the  Motion  of  the 
Fleet.  The  conquered  Countries  were  afterwards  to  be 
protefted  by  fome  Forts  which  they  intended  to  build, 
and  the  Troops,  after  a  Campaign^  the  Operations  of 
which  were  fo  well  fettled,  were  to  be  quartered  in  Pla- 
ces where  they  could  alTifteach  other  to  execute,  no  doubt, 
the  Sequel  of  the  general  Plan,  and  tbofe  fuller  Orderi 
which  were  promifed  the  General. 
^  While  the  Minifters  of  Great-Britain ^  endeavoured  td 
\  amufc  the  Court  of  France^  and  in  the  N<^otiation  that 
was  then  carrying  on,  feemed  to  fhew  the  moft  earneft 
Defire  to  prefcrve  Peace  •,  General  Braddock^  in  Concert 
with  Commodore  Keppely  Colonel  Shirley^  and  the  Go- 
vernors of  ihe  EngHJh  Colooies,  laboured  vigoroufly  in 
yftnericOf  to  haften  the  Preparations  for  War.  What  I 
am  going  to  mention  of  thefe  Preparations,  is  taken  from 
the  General's  own  Letters :  They  form  a  very  fingular 
Contrail:  with  the  Memorials  which  were  fome  Time  ago 
delivered  to  the  Frtncb  Awb^Sadox  ^xLondon,  ai^  which 
■  I  (hall 


;hnefs  had  hitnfelf 
itions  he  had  with 

of  all  that  is  con- 
oes  more  Honour 
rmy,  than  to  the 
ne  it  was  written, 
t,  that  for  certain 
very  likely  many 
England  to  attack 
thod  of  doing  it, 
eral  Commanders 
be  directed  to  the 
ddock  was  to  make 
ce  proceed  to  iW- 
'ort  Frederick  v/ns 
■ovincial  Troops  i 
i  charged  with  re- 
and  that  all  thefe 
le  Motion  of  the 
afterwards  to  be 
intended  to  build, 
he  Operations  of 
quartered  in  Pla- 
;xecute,  no  doubt, 
fbofe  fuller  Orders 

r,  endeavoured  td 

Negotiation  that 

the  moft  earneft 

ddocky  in  Concert 

-ley,  and  the  Go- 

ired  vigoroufly  in 

jrWar.    What  I 

ons,  is  taken  from 

m  a  very  fingular 

re  fome  Time  ago 

London,  and  which. 

I  (hall 


jj^^^'j 


.  (     19    )  - 

I  (hkll  not  take  Notice  of,  till  1  have  firft  given  a  full  Ac- 
count of  what  pafled  in  Americay  after  the  Arrival  of 
General  Braddock. 

He  landed  at  fVilUamJhurg,  the  Capital  o^Virginia,  in 
the  Month  of  F(f^r«<7ry,  '755«  *  AH  the  Governors  of 
the  feveral  Englijh  Provinces,  had  already  received  their 
Orders,  which  principally  concerned  the  raiting  of  Troops 
and  Money.  A  common  Fund  was  to  beellabliflied,  for 
defraying  the  Expences  of  fo  important  a  Campaign :  As 
to  the  reft,  they  were  ordered  to  execute  whatever  was 
prefcribcd  to  them  by  the  General,  whofe  Abilities  for 
War,  deferved  to  have  been  employed  in  a  better  Caufe. 

He  found  at  WiUiamJburg,  Sir  Jvhn  St.  Clair,  who 
gave  him  an  Account  of  the  Difpofition  of  the  Colonies, 
and  Situation  of  the  Troops.  The  Independant  Compa- 
nies of  New-lork,  were  in  a  very  bad  Condition  ;  and 
among  the  Provinces,  Pennfylvania  and  Maryland,  were 
far  from  furnifhing  their  Quota.  They  had  no  Occafion 
to  complain  of  their  Neighbours  the  French,  and  they 
were  not  willing  to  interrupt  an  Harmony  that  was  advan- 
tageous to  their  Trade  and  Commerce.  The  Orders  of 
the  Court  of  London^  and  the  Letters  which  the  General 
wrote  upon  his  Arrival,  had  a  greater  Effect  upon  the 
other  Colonies.  In  order  to  haften  die  raiHng  of  Money, 
the  General  engaged  to  make  himfelf  accountable  for  the 
Manner  in  which  it  Ihould  be  expended.  M.  Dinwiddie, 
Governor  of  Virgima,  had  found  Means  to  raife  io,ooo 
Pounds  ^rling:  His  Example  kindled  an  Emulation  in 
the  other  Governors  ;  accordingly,  the  Afiemblics  of  the 
Colonies  were  called  to  meet  in  the  Month  of  May  next 
enluing. 

General  Braddock  appointed  Alexandria  for  the  Ren- 
dezvous of  the  Virginia  and  Maryland  Troops  ;  and,  in- 
ftead  of  quartering  thofc  he  had  brought  from  Europe,  as 
he  at  firft  intended  •,  he  ordered  the  Tranfport  Veffels  to 
fail  up  the  River  Potomack,  and  to  land  them  at  Alexan- 
dria,  in  order  to  form  a  Camp  there,  -f-  In  the  mean 
Time,  he  took  care  to  eftabhfti  Poft«,  that  he  might 


SceN"  13.        t  SeeN^  i^. 


maintain 


flMW 


•mumimm^ 


maintain  a  Aire  Correfpondence  between  flie  Army  and  the 
Cities  of  Pbiladelpbiay  AnnapaliSy  and  H^illiamjburg.  Bqe 
as  it  was  in^poflible  to  6nd  Forage  beyond  the  Morntains, 
before  the  latter  End  of  yfpnV,  he  refolved  not  to  begin 
his  Expedition  till  that  Time. 

In  the  Interim  .no  Time  was  loft  t  The  General  had 
begun  with  (hutting  up  the  Forts,  in  orders  fays  he,  that 
m  Provifiom  may  be  carried  to  the  Enemy.  To  this  was 
added  another  Advantage,  of  keeping  all  Things  fcciet, 
while  they  raifcd  Recruits,  tranfported  the  Artillery,  and 
formed  Magazines  of  all  neceflary  Provifions  and  Muni- 
tions. General  Braddock  and  Commodore  Keppel  con- 
tinually communicated  to  each  other  their  Views  and  Pro- 
jeds  :  The  latter  furnilhed  fome  Cannon,  of  which  the 
liand-Army  had  not  a  fufficient  Number.  Thefc  two 
principal  Men  were  divided  in  one  Tingle  Point,  which 
was,  how  they  fliould  treat  the  Frencby  whom  they  were 
quite  fure  of  taking.  The  King  of  England  had  ordered 
them  to  be  put  on  board  the  Fleet  and  fent  to  France. 
M.  Keppely  who  had  not  been  apprized,  but  by  General 
^raddockt  oi  that  Refolution,  found  it  a  very  nice  Aifair 
for  him.  Hitherto  he  had  followed  fimply  the  Directions 
of  the  Court,  yet  he  was  well  aflured  of  the  Defire  of  the 
I^atton.  He  wanted  however,  to  have  it  in  his  Power  to 
juftify  himfcif,  in  cafe  the  Nation  fhould  one  Day  difap- 
prove  of  thefe  Violences,  fo  contrary  to  the  Law  of  Na- 
tions, and,  therefore,  he  demanded  of  the  General  to  fenc^ 
him  pofitive  Orders.  ^ 

As  the  Number  of  the  Forces  could  not  b^oo  great 
with  which  they  intended  to  fall  upon  Canada^  on  the  one 
Hand,  the  Governors  had  Orders  to  receive  all  French 
Deferters,  to  treat  them  well,  and  to  furnifli  them  with 
every  Thing  that  they  wanted  .•  On  the  other  Hand, 
Pains  wer£  taken  to  acquaint  the  Indians  on  Ohio^  that  the 
Englijb  had  no  other  Defign,  but  to  defend  them  againft 
the  Encroachments  of  the  French :  And  the  Governors  of 
the  Provinces  did  not  fail  to  prefs  them  to  repair  to  ff^ills- 
Cireeky  on  the  Frontiers  of  Virginia.  Hctwever,  we  can 

fay 


II  Hill     II  Wl 


he  Army  And  the 
llliamjburg.  Bqe 
1  the  Moi:ntains» 
vcd  not  to  begin 

rhe  General  had 
f(rr,  fays  he,  that 
my.  To  this  was 
I  Things  fcciet, 
le  Artillery,  and 
fions  and  Muni- 
iore  Keppel  con- 
r  Views  and  Pro- 
n,  of  which  the 
iber.  Thefc  two 
le  Point,  which 
fvhom  they  were 
land  had  ordered 
fent  to  France. 
but  by  General 
very  nice  Affair 
ly  the  Directions 
the  Dcfire  of  the 
t  in  his  Power  to^ 
1  one  Day  difap- 
the  Law  of  Na- 
:  General  to  ienc^ 

lot  b^oo  great 
nadoy  on  the  one 
iceivc  all  French 
jmifh  them  with 
:he  other  Hand, 
on  OhiOf  that  rhe 
;nd  them  againft 
he  Governors  of 
» repair  to  fVills- 
pwcver,  we  can 
fay 


•       *  (      21       )  • 

fty,  in  general,  the  EngUflj  had  very  little  Amftancefrom 
thofc  Peoole.  The  Iroquois^  [the  Five  Nations]  did  not 
in  the  Icaft  aflift  them.  By  M,  Braddcck's  Letters,  we 
fee,  that,  of  the  Five  Nations,  none  but  the  ylniez  [Mo' 
hawks]  feemed  to  fliew  any  Attachment  to  them. 

What  Means  fliould  be  uled  in  order  to  engage  the  //i- 
dians  to  take  up  Arms  againft  the  French^  and  to  ravage 
their  Colonies,  was  one  of  thofe  Things  which  were  de- 
bated in  a  grand  Council  held  at  Alexandria,  about  the 
Middle  of  Jpril.  On  the  i  jth.  Colonel  Shirley^  Gover- 
nor of  New- England,  arrived  in  that  Town  :  He  was  ac- 
companied with  all  the  other  Governors,  and  with  Colo- 
nel John/on,  who,  of  all  the  Engli^  Officers,  was  the  beft 
acquainted  with  the  Genius  oi  the  Indians,  and  the  Man- 
ner of  treating  with  them.  M.  Shirley,  if  we  believe  Co- 
lonel Napier' &  Inftruftions,  was  fitter  tor  Council  than  for 
Command.  However,  he  had  with  an  armed  Force,  builc 
a  Fort  in  the  French  Country,  up  the  River  Nourentfouac 
[Kennebec]  about  30  Leagues  from  Sluebec  -,  that  Expe- 
dition, no  doubt,  gained  liim  the  Friendlhip  of  the  Ge- 
neral, who  had  always  a  particular  Regard  for  him,  and 
who,  as  we  fhall  fee,  trufted  him  with  one  of  the  mod 
important  Commands.  He  had  already  had  an  Interview 
with  him  at  Annapolis,  in  Maryland,  and  very  likely  they 
had  fettled  between  themfelves  Part  ot  thofc  Things  which 
were  the  Subjeft  of  Delibera:ion  in  the  general  Council  at 
Alexandria.  A  Copy  of  the  Refolutions  there  taken,  was 
fcnt  to  M.  Robinfon,  Secretay  of  State,  in  a  Letter  which 
the  General  wrote  to  him  the  19th  of  April.  That  Let- 
ter informs  us,  that  the  Plan  of  Operations  for  the  Cam- 
paign was  there  finiflied.  They  Icemed  fo  well  conneft- 
ed  together;  that  M.  Braddock  is  not  afraid  to  fay,  that 
the  Succefsof  one,  ajfured  him  of  the  happy  Iffue  of  all  the 
Rejl,  -j-  — —  And  there  might  be  Realon  for  his  writing 
fb  }  for  the  ill  Succcfs  of  one,  has  made  all  the  reft  to 
mifcarry.  Here  then  are  the  different  Parts  of  the  Plan, 
SIS  they  were  fettled  at  that  Congrcfs, 

'A 

t  Bet  bU  Letter  of  the  ye^th  0/*  April,  la  N?.  1 3 . 


■trtMlh-^-t'-' 


w 


w! 


\:... 
K^'' 


m 


h     I 


(       2«      ) 

ifi.  It  was  agreed,  that  in  Furluancc  of  the  Plan  con- 
certed between  M,  Shirley  and  M.  Lawrence^  Governor 
of  ylcadia^  and  fornxrly  fent  to  the  Court  of  London^  Co- 
lonel Momkton  fliould,  without  Delay,  attack  the  French 
Forts  on  the  Side  of  Acadia.  His  Orders  for  that  Ex- 
pedition were  immediately  difpatched  to  him. 

2</,  It  was  agreed  that  Mr.  Jobnfon^  with  a  Body  of 
about  four  Thoufand  four  Hundred  Men,  raifed  in  the 
iMorthern  Provinces,  fliould  attack  Fort  Frederic  [Crown- 
Point]  and  make  himfelf  Matter  of  it. 

3^,  That  M.  Shirky^  with  his  own  and  PepperelPt 
Regiments,  fhould  atuck  Fort  Niagara^  that  he  (hould 
be  lupplied  with  a  fufficient  number  of  Battoes  totranfport 
his  Troops  and  Artillery  thither  by  Lake  Ontario^  and 
that  the  Garrifon  of  O/wego  fhould  be  reinforced,  which 
was  to  afTifl  him  in  Cafe  of  Need,  and  to  favour  his 
Retreat,  if  he  fhould  be  purfued. 

^tbfyt  Befides  the  Attack  of  Fort  Frederic^  Colonel 
Jobnfon  was  charged  with  an  important  Treaty  with  the 
Iroquois^  [Indians  of  the  Six  Nations]  wh-om  they  wanted 
by  all  Means  to  cngagd  in  the  War.  General  Braddcck 
was  not  ignorant  what  formidable  Encmits  thefc  Indians 
are.  He  gave  Mr.  Jobnfon  Harangues  ready  made  §, 
and  two  thoufand  Pounds,  to  be  laid  out  in  Prefents  for 
them. 

c,tblyy  The  remaining  Expedition,  which  the  General 
refervcd  for  himfelf,  is  but  too  well  known  by  its  ill  Suc- 
ccfs.  It  was  refolved,  that  be  fliould  fct  out  for  Frederic- 
iTown  the  20th  of  Jpril,  ^r  d  to  reach  the  Mountains  by 
the  firfl  of  Afoy,  that  he  might  be  in  a  Capacity  to  finifh 
in  the  Month  of  June,  all  that  he  propofed  to  execute  on 
the  Ohio. 

Such  exaftly  was  the  Plan,  which  tended  to  open  all 
the  Gates  of  Canada  to  the  Englijh,  and  to  make  them 
Matters  of  the  River  St.  Lawrence,  Every  Commander 
knew  his  particular  Deftination,  and  the  Connexion  his 
CommifTion  had  with  all  rhofe  that  ought  to  be  executed 
at  the  fame  Time.  They  thought,  by  haftening  the  In- 
i  Sec  N».  13  A14.       •"  vafion, 


vafion 
fpent 
of  M 
which 
pain  ft 
fitted 
only  c 
at  Nil 
Shirlt 

Iti 
Time 
Enter 
painte 
kobin 
which 
had  \ 
order 
Count, 
for  ti 
Cumhi 
about 
Ifrue( 
unha[ 
Proje 

Co 
Cong 
theC 
Part  ( 
order 
to  ret 
Prefei 
to  pel 
feffioi 
Engli 
their 


Id  tie ', 
Apala 


^  ■■ 


n  ^M*t\pn  wj*m^w  ff  '■^fi^iKiv*'^. .  ^»-^**n,r 


r.4P>««4IKlMN«*NP>i'«a>i«««l«»WM«»M«ai*MapMMipPHg^Ki 


(      2^      ) 

"  .^^I'l*^  r^^l  -°"*  I  ^^*°"i  *°  furprifc  the  French.     General  Braddock  having 

^^^^^  ^^  Pf,fjgf.l^,<^gy^„  (}^g  Ljj{t  Qf  ^^//  and  Beginning 

of  A/d[y,  arrived  the  loth  of  Alay  at  Fort  Ctimberland^ 
which  l*lacc  the  Army  reached  on  the  1 7th,  after  a  very 
painful  March  of  twcnty-fevcn  Days.  This  Army  con- 
fided only  of  two  Thoufand  effcftive  Men,  and  fo  wa« 
aniy  defigned  to  reduce  Fort  du  Sluefne^  and  then  to  join 
at  Niagara  that  Body  of  Troops  commanded  by  Mr. 
ibirley. 

It  appears  that  Mr.  Braddock  had  not  given  himfcif 
Time  to  refiedl  ferioufly  on  the  DifBcultics  attending  his 
Entcrprize.  You  fee  his  Dilquictudcs  and  Uncafincfs 
painted  in  the  Letter  he  wrote  the  5th  of  June  to  Mr. 
Robinfon.  He  there  complains  of  the  little  Zeal  with 
which  the  Colonies  had  feconded  him,  of  the  Dangers  he 
had  under-gone,  and  the  Charges  he  had  been  at,  in 
order  to  tranfport  the  Artillery  and  Munitions  in  a 
Country  as  yet  ujunhabited^  unknown ^  and  unpajfable^  even 
for  the  Inhabitants  tbemfehes  *.  He !  was  yet  at  Fort 
Cumberland  when  he  wrote  that  Letter.  He  left  that 
about  the  latter  End  of  Juney  and  all  know  what  was  the 
Iflue  of  the  Engagement  on  the  9th  of  Jufyt  which  was 
unhappy  for  him,  and  which  put  an  Knd  ro  his  Life  and 
Projeds. 

Colonel  Jobnfan  had  fct  out  immediately  after  the 
Congrefs  at  Mexandria,  in  order  to  execute  on  his  Part, 
the  Commifllon  which  was  intrufted  to  hin:.  He  fpcnt 
Part  of  the  Month  of  May  among  the  Five  Nations^  in 


awrence^  Governor 
lurt  of  London^  C«' 
attack  the  French 
)rders  for  that  Ex' 
to  him. 

0»,  with  a  Body  of 
Vlen,  raifed  in  the 
rt  Frederic  [Crown- 

ivn   and  PeppereWt 

arOy  chat  he  (hould 

Battoes  to  tranfport 

Lake  Ontario^  and 

)e  reinforced,  which 

and  to  favour  his 

rt  Frederic^  Colonel 
tant  Treaty  with  the 
I  whom  they  wanted 
.  General  Braddock 
[iemi;s  thefe  Indians 
gucs  ready  made  §, 
d  out  in  Prefents  for 


I,  which  the  General 
known  by  its  ill  Suc- 
[  fct  out  for  Frederic- 
ch  the  Mountains  by 
I  a  Capacity  to  finilh 
opofed  to  execute  on 


:1s  tended  to  open  all 
,  and  to  make  them 
Every  Commander 
I  t'je  Conneftion  his 
ought  to  be  executed 
by  haftening  the  In- 
vafion, 


order  to  animate  them  to  the  War.  Nothing  waslpared 
to  render  ihe  French  odious.  But  neither  Calumnies  nor 
Prefents  had  the  defired  Effe£t.  In  vain  dki  he  endeavour 
to  perfuade  thtf  Mohawks.,  that  the  French  had  taken  Pof- 
Feflion  of  different  Countries  which  belonged,  not  to  the 
Engliflt  (for  he  durft  not  go  fo  far)  but  to  the  Indians^ 
their  Allies.     Thofc  People,  who  have  more  Senfc  than 

is 

How  do  theft  Terms  agree  'with  that  Pofeffian,  ivhich,  accor£/tg 
lo  tie  Englifh,  Jicurn  to  thtm  the  Property  ofibg  CektUnct  IVifi  of  the 
Apalachian  iVi9»a/«///i . 


S<^ 


■wi 


Wfmmmmmmmmm 


(  U  ) 
is  commomly  imagineil,  were  not  to  be  taken  in  that 
Snare.  They  returned  an  Anfwcr  full  of  Compliments  i 
but  they  rcfufed  coming  to  any  Conclufion,  under  Pre- 
tence that  it  could  not  be  done,  but  in  a  general  Council 
of  all  the  Nations.  In  fine,  the  Sjietchesboth  of  Colonel 
'Jobnfony  and  of  the  Indian  Sachems,  prove,  that  the 
latter  did  not  think  the  Ettglijh  had  any  Right  to  prefcribe 
Laws  to  them.  Both  Nations  treat  with  each  other  on  a 
Foot  of  Equality.  The  Iroquois^  who  were  then  fomc- 
thing  inclined  to  make  a  I'reaty  of  Alliance  with  the 
Englijh^  are  become  their  mortal  Hncmies,  fincc  the  Pro- 
clamations, by  which  the  Engli/b  Commanders  were  fo 
imprudent  as  to  offer  a  Reward  for  their  Scalps. 

While  that  important  Treaty  was  carrying  on,  Colonel 
Jobnfon  did  not  lofe  Sight  of  the  Attack  of  Fort  Frideru\ 
On  the  «lh  of  May  he  wrote  to  the  Governors,  who  were 
tofurniinhim  with  Men  and  Artillery  §.  On  theoneHand, 
that  Letter  proves  that  he  had  rcfolvcd  to  bombard  the 
Fort  (  and,  on  the  other,  that  he  flattered  himfelf,  he 
Hiould  be  able  to  appear  before  the  Place,  before  the  French 
had  any  Intimation  of  hisDefign.-— /f// Ti>/)»^j,  fays  he, 
muft  be  hajiened^  that  Nothing  may  retard  our  March^ 
which  might  confirm  the  Enemy  in  their  Su/picien  of  an 
uittacky  if  unhappily  they  have  any  Intelligence  of  it- 

On  the  Side  of  /icadia^  Colonel  Moncittony  ready  to 
execute  the  Attack  of  the  Forts  on  the  IJihmus,  began 
with  pubhfhing  a  Proclamation  on  the  third  of  May^  in  the 
Name  of  Governor  Lawrence^  by  which  all  the  Inhabitants 
of  the  French  Lands  beyond  the  Ifihmus^  are  commanded 
to  furrendcr  themfelves  immediately  to  the  Englifh^  and  to 
deliver  up  all  their  Arms*.  That  was  certainly  the 
Country,  in  refpeft  to  which,  his  5nV^«»;V»Majefty  had, 
after  the  Building  of  the  Englijh  and  French  Forts  in  the 
JJibmus,  formerly  promifed,  that  no  Innovations  fhould 
be  made,  till  the  Commiflaries  had  come  to  a  Determination. 
On  the  1 6th  and  1 7th  of  7««' following.  Colonel  Monckton 
bombarded  and  took  the  French  Forts  of  Btau-fejour  and 
i^ii/pcre&iix. 


jSesN'.  15.        •SceNV  16. 


We 


be  taken  in  thaC 
)f  Compliments  i 
ifion,  under  Fre- 
a  general  Council 
sbotli  ot  Colonel 
prove,  that   the 
kight  to  prcfcribc 
h  each  other  on  a 
>  were  then  fomc- 
Alliance  with  the 
les,  fince  tJje  Fro- 
imanders  were  fo 
ir  Scalps, 
rying  on ,  Colonel 
:  of  Fort  Frideric\ 
irernors,  who  were 
OnthconeHand, 
d  to  bombard  the 
ttercd  himfclf,  he 
,  before  the  French 
H  Things ^  fays  he, 
etard  our  Marcbt 
<eir  Sujpicion  of  an 
elligence  of  it- 
knckton^  ready   to 
the  IJibmuSi  began 
lird  of  Majfy  in  the 
hall  the  Inhabitants 
(J,  are  commanded 
the  Efigli/bt  and  to 
was  certainly  the 
<2»»/V«Maje(ly  had, 
rencb  Forts   in  the 
Innovations  fliould 
to  a  Determination. 
,  Colonel  Momkton 
i  of  Btau-fejour  and 


rnmmmimiim 


imniiii 


C    25    ) 

We  are  now  come  to  the  Time,  when  the  Rupture 
between  the  two  Conn  s  became  notorious »  it  would  have 
been  fooner,  if  the  Court  of  France  could  have  been 
fooner  informed  of  the  Rcfolu'ions  of  his  Britunnic 
Majefty  ;  Bm  at  the  very  Time  that  they  exccutcil  iti 
yfmerica  the  Flan  ot  '..ovafion,  that  h;ul  been  concerted  be- 
fore the  Year  1  y^^.,  the  Minifters  ot  Great -Britain^  (ought 
to  amufe  the  Court  of  France  with  Negociations.  'J'hey 
carried  on  a  War  J^f-yond  Sea,  and  in  Europe^  fcenicd 
wholly  taken  up  wit  a  Syflem  of  Facification,  and  the 
Means  to  prevent  that  Rupture  which  England  had  rc- 
folved  on. 

That  Negociation,  which  Europe  o\.\^m  to  be  informed 
of,  was  only  intended,  on  the  Fart  of  England,  to  gain  ■ 
as  much  Time  as  would  be  neccflary  to  carry  into  Exe- 
cution all  the  Farts  of  the  Flan.  So  we  fhall  fee,  that  the 
more  condelccnding  France  fhewed  itfelf,  the  more  the 
Rritifb  Minifters  invented  new  Difficulties,  to  prevent  the 
coming  to  an  Agreement,  till,  at  length.  General  Brad- 
dock*s  Letters  having  given  the  Court  of  london  full  AC- 
iurance  of  Succefs  ;  his  Britannic  Majefty  gave  exprefs 
Orders  to  make  open  War  by  Sea,  and  to  attack,  with- 
out Diftin<5lion,  all  the  VefTels  of  the  King. 

The  Defigns  of  the  Court  of  London  will  be  laid  open, 
by  a  particular  Account  of  the  Negociations,  which  en- 
gaged the  moft  ferious  Attention  of  the  French  Minifter, 
and  which  feemed  to  engage  the  Attention  of  the  Miniftcr 
of  Great- Britain,  forthe  tirll  fix  Months  of  the  Year  1 755. 

In  the  Month  of  January  oftha|.Year,  his  Majefty, 
willing  to  prtvent  the  ill  EfFefts  onhe  accidental  Diffe- 
rences between  the  French  and  Engli/h,  01!  the  Banks  of 
Ohio,  (the  Caufe  of  which,  as  you  have  feen  above,  can- 
not be  imputed  to  the  French)  fent  to  the  Court  oi  Lon' 
doH.  by  the  Duke<// Af/r^po/x,  a  Memorial,  which  had  a 
Tendency  to  prevent  the  Effea:  of  thefe  Troubles.  % 
In  that  Memorial,  whxhwas  dated  the  i«jth  oi  January^ 
he  King  propofed  to  his  Britannic  Majt-fty,  that,  before 
^hiy  examined  into  the  Grounds  and  Circumjiances  of  that 
.  J  Sec  N*  I.  E  ^iarrelj 


.■■iV -!*'•*"■* ^ 


'% 


Ml 


(       26       ) 

^arrely  they Jhould  jirfi  fend  pofttive  Orders  to  the  r effec- 
tive Governors^  to  make  them  ceafe  from  all  Enterprifes  and 
Violences  %  and  command  them,  with  Rif^e£l  to  the  Ter-, 
ritory  on  the  Side  af  Ohio,  cr,  la  Belle  Riviere,  to 
put  all  Things,  without  Belay,  in  the  fame  Condition  in 
which  they  were,  or  ought  to  have  been,  before  the  lafl  War. 
The  King  demanded  at  the  fame  Tine,  that  the 
Claims  refpeSling  that  Country,  fhould  be  amicably  referred 
to  the  Commiffaries  ;  and,  that  to  remove  all  Grounds  of 
Uneajinefs,  his  Brit  ashic  Majejly  would  explain  himfelf 
fully,  as  to  the  Beflination  and  Motives  of  that  Armament 
which  was  made  in  Ireland. 

Had  that  Propofal  been  accepted.  Fort  du  Sluefne, 
which  General  Braddock  was  commanded  to  attack,  would 
have  been  dcftroyed  by  thcFrench  themfclves,  and  the  Com- 
miflaries  of  the  two  Nations,  would  have  examined  in»an 
amicable  Manner,  the  Titles  and  Pofleillon  of  each 
Crown. 

The  Anf^cr  to  that  Memorial,  was  fent  to  the  Duke 
de  Mirepoix,  fcit  iidi  oi  January,  1755.  ThatAnfwerf 
has  two  Parts  •,  and  if  the  firfl;  appeared  captious,  the 
fecond,  however,  contained  nothing  equivocal,  and  ought 
10  have  been  fufficient  to  affure  the  French  of  the  Defti- 
liation  of  the  Armament  in  Ireland. 

ifl.  His  Britannic  Majcfty  demands,  that  the  PopMon 
of  that  Territory  on  the  Side  of  Ohio,  be  put  in  the  fame 
Condition,  in  which  it  was  at  the  Time  of  the  Conclufion  0} 
the  Treaty  of  Utrecht  •,  and,  agreeable  to  the  Stipulation 
of  that  fame  Trea0  he  would  have  the  fame  done  in  all 
the  oiherFo&Rions  of  North- America;  and  agrees,  when 
that  is  done,  to  treat  about  the  InJlru£lions  of  the  refpec- 
iive  Governors,  and  making  them  ceafe  from  all  Violences, 
and  to  refer  the  Pretenjions  of  both,  to  be  quickly  and  final- 
ly dif cuffed  and  adjufted,  in  an  amicable  Manner,  between^ 
the  two  Courts. 

2d,  He  declares,  That  the  Defence  of  his  Rights  and  I 
Poffefftons,  and  the  Prots£lion  of  his  Subjects,  had  been  tie 
fole  Motives  of  that  Armament  which  had  been  fent  to\ 
t  See  N».  2.  '  '  North' 


mx. 


IHWi'"U»- 


t-y^f«TJHwi,iii|«niU|i«,'f||||ii|i  niiHP|.  ■ 


(      27      ) 


-^ 


iers  t«  the  refpec- 
\ll  Enterprifes  and 
.tf'^eSl  to  the  ter-. 
LLE  Riviere,  to 
fame  Condition  in 
•fore  the  laft  War. 
Tine,  that  the 
f  amicably  referred 
ove  all  Grounds  of 
mid  explain  himfelf 
of  that  Armament 

Fort  du  ^efne, 
d  to  attack,  would 
:lves,  and  the  Cotn- 
ive  examined  in»an 
?ofleffion  of  each 

i  fent  to  the  Duke 
15.  ThatAnfwert 
ired  captious,  the 
[uivocal,  and  ought 
rencb  ot  the  Defti- 

s,  that  the  Voffeffm 
,  he  put  in  the  Jame 
of  the  Conclufion  oj 
'e  to  the  Stipulation 
he  fame  done  in  all 
;  and  agrees,  when 
£iions  of  the  refpec- 
e  from  all  Violences^ 
be  quickly  and  final- 
fie  Manner,  between^ 

:e  of  his  Rights  and 
'ubje£ts,  had  been  the  \ 
:h  had  been' fent  to 
North- 


North-America  ;  which  was  done  -without  Inten- 
tion TO  offend  any  Power  whatever,  or  to  do 
ANY  Thing  which  could  infringe  the  general 
Peace. 

It  was  difficult  to  conceive,  how  the  Treaty  of  Utrecht 
could  be  made  ufe  of,  to  fettle  the  Rights  of  each  Nation 
on  the  Ohio  5  or  how  it  was  pofllbie  to  demand,  as  pre- 
vious to  all  Negociation,  that  the  other  Lands  in  Difpute, 
Ihould  be  reftored  to  the  Condition  in  which  they  were  ac 
the  Conclufion  of  that  Treaty,  and  agreeable  to  the  Sti- 
pulations which  are  therein  contained.  At  the  Time  of 
the  Treaty  of  Utrecht^  the  Poileffion  was  in  Favour  of 
France,  fince  it  was  France  that  ceded  it.— And  the  Ex- 
tent of  that  Ceffion,  and  the  Meaning  of  the  Stipulations 
in  that  Treaty,  were  the  Things,  which  it  was  agi-eed 
fhould  be  referred  to  Commiffaries  ;  and  the  King  of 
England  hid  promifed,  that  no  Innovations  ftiould  be 
made,  till  they  had  come  to  a  Determination. 

The  Court  of  France,  therefore,  urged  [and  at  the 
fame  Time  that  it  affured  his  Britannic  Majefty  of  the 
Confidence  it  had  in  the  Sincerity  of  his  Declaration,  it' 
made  it  appear,  in  a  Reply,  which  was  fent  to  the  Court 
of  London,  the  6th  of  February]  that  the  Propofal  qiade 
by  his  Majefty,  was  the  only  one,  which  could  elFeftu- 
ally  prevent  Trouble  and  Uneafinefs.  It  afferted,  that, 
that  Method  was  agreeable  to  the  Engagements  of  the 
Treaty  of  Aix-la-Chapelle,  to  the  Mealures  taken  fincc 
that  Time,  and  to  the  Conditions  damanded  by  England 
itfelf,  in  1750,  and  1751.  And  indeed,  as  the  Dcfigti 
of  that  Commiflion,  to  which  the  Court  of  London  had 
agreed  to,  was  to  determine  the  Meaning  of  the  1 2th  and 
Igth  Articles  of  the  Treaty  of  Utrecht,  the  Execution  of 
t)iofe  Articles,  could  not  be  looked  on  as  the  Bafis  of  a 
Negociation.  That  would  have  been  to  give  up,  as 
an  undoubted  Principle  and  Rule  of  Adlion,  the  yery 
Thing  th.at  was  fubmitted  to  the  Decifion  of  Commiffaries, 

His  Majefty  therefore  propofed,  ifi.  That  both  Kings 
fhould  command  their  refpefti^  Governors,  to  abftain 
from  all  Violence,  and  all  Enterprifes.  id. 


^'a 


■iiiS^iim 


iMM^^^k.- 


m)i  •ti'mTmtimmmfmmam 


<w,yniii.jiii  iiiiiw^yiwiiiiKi.innmiimipiii  ijj  ii.\immmmmiiKf\* 


(      28      ) 


I 


id.  That  in  all  North- yfmrUay  Things  fliould  be  re- 
ftorcd  to  the  Condition  in  which  they  were,  or  ought  to 
have  been,  before  the  lad  War,  agreeable  to  the  9th  Ar- 
ticle of  tl]e  Treaty  6(  Jix-la-Chapelle. 

3</.  That,  agreeable  to  the  18th  Article  of  the  fame 
Treaty,  his  Britannic  Majefty  inform  the  Commiflion 
cftabliihed  at  Paris y  of  his.  Pretenfions,  and  the  Founda-: 
tion  on  which  they  were  built. 

Finally.  In  Anfwer  to  the  Enquiry  of  the  Court  of 
London^  in  the  la(^  Memorial,  refpe£ting  the  Defign  of 
thofe  Armaments  which  his  Majefty  had  made,  it  was  not 
^diflfembled  that  thofe  Armaments,  which  the  Court  of 
London  had  publidied  to  all  Europe  and  which  it  had, 
in  Fart,  carried  into  Execution,  had  made  thefe  Precau- 
tions neceflary,  on  the  Side  of  France. 

At  length,  France  fubmitted  to  the  Difficulties  raifed 
by  tlie  Court  oi  London.  It  even  confcnted  to  take  for 
a  provifional  Rule,  the  Condition  in  which  Things  were, 
immediately  after  the  Treaty  of  Utrecht  •,  and  the  Duke 
de  Mirepoix  fent  the  Engli^  Minifters,  the  Plan  of  a  pre- 
liminary Agreement  •,  the  Terms  of  which,  it  was  believ- 
ed, would  be  afccepted  {-.  The  two  Sovereigns  therein 
agreed,  to  fend  Orders  to  put  a  Stop  to  all  Violences  on 
both  Sides  :  It  was  moreover  ftipulated,  that  the  French 
and  £»^//^  fhould,  by  Agreement,  evacuate  all  that 
Country  fituate  between  the  Ohio  and  the  Apalachiati 
Mountains ;  and  that  the  French  fhould  reiire«beyond  the 
Kiver,  and  the  Englijh  on  this  Side  the  Mountains :  That 
all  th-c  Country,  during  the  Time  agreed  on,  Ihould  be 
looked  on  as  Neutral  •,  that  neither  Nation  fhould  be  at 
Liberty  to  frequent  it  ;  that  all  Things  flioukl  be  reftor- 
cd  to  the  fame  Condition,  in  which  they  were,  or  ought 
to  have  been,  after  the  Treaty  of  Utrecht  \  and  that  the 
Forts,  which  had  t)ten  built  fince  that  Time,  on  the 
Lands  contended  for,  (hould  on  both  Sides  be  deftroyed: 
Furthermore,  their  Majefties  agreed,  that  in  the  Space  of 
two  Year?,  they  would  ca^fe  every  Matter  in  Difpute,  tq 
b?  examined  and  regulated,  by  Commiflaries  nominated 
tt>rthat  Purpofe.  tS6cN'>4.  This, 


fliould  be  re- 

or  ought  to 

to  the  9th  Ar- 

;  of  the  fame 
e  Commiflion 
id  the  Founda-. 

the  Court  of 
the  Defign  of 
ade,  it  was  not 
the  Court  of 
which  it  had, 
:  theie  Precau- 

ifficulties  raiffd 
ced  to  take  for 
h  Things  were, 

and  the  Duke 
le  Flan  of  apre- 
1,  it  was  believ- 
ercigns  therein 
all  Violences  on 
that  the  Fr  encb 
vAOXdXt  all  that 
the  A^alacbiaK 
etire "beyond  the 
fountains:  That 
1  on,  (houkl  be 
)n  fhould  be  ^at 
houkl  be  reftor* 
were,  or  ought 
f ;  and  that  the 

Time,  on  the 
les  be  deftroyed; 
It  in  the  Space  of 
erin  Difpute,  tq 
faries  nominated 
This. 


(       29      ) 

This,  as  you  fee,  was  to  concur  with  the  Propofal, 
contained  in  the  Memorial  of  the  Court  of  London^  da- 
ted the  22d  of  January,  1755.  The  Court  of  France 
negotiated  with  much  more  Sincerity  than  the  Miniftersof 
his  Britannic  Majefty  afted,  when  they  aflured  the  Duka 
de  MirepoiXy  that  the  Armaments  made  in  Irelandy  and 
the  Fleet  which  had  failed  from  thence,  were  principally 
intended  to  preferve  a  Subordination  and  good  Order  in 
the  Englijh  Colonies. 

Thele  very  Minifters,  who  feared  nothing  fo  much  as 
an  Accommodation,  and  who  knew  that  M.  Braddock^ 
and  all  the  Englijh  Commanders,  were  then  on  their 
March,  were  extremely  lurprized  to  fee  France  comply, 
in  fome  Meafure,  with  their  rtrft  Demands.  They  there- 
upon immediately  changedt  he  Plan,  which  they  themfelves 
had  propofed  •,  and  on  the  7th  of  Marcb^  fent  to  the 
Duke  de  Mirepoix^  another  Plan  of  Agreement,  which 
they  would  never  have  devifed,  buc  becaufe  they  well 
knew  it  could  not  poffibly  be  agreed  to*. 
'  The  two  Kings  therein  agreed  to  fend  Orders  to  put 
a  Stop  to  all  Violences  :  But  th^e  were  not  to  take  Place, 
until  France  had  fubmitted  to  the  following  Conditions. 
\ft.  To  deftroy  not  only  the  Forts  fitua:e  between  the 
Apalachian  Mountains  and  the  Ohio^  but  alfo  to  deftroy 
all  the  Settlements  which  lie  between  the  Ohio  and  the 
Wabajhy  ot  the  River  St.  Jerome.  2d.  To  demolifli 
Fort  Niagara  and  Fort  Frederick,  fituateon  Lake-Cbam- 
plain  i  and,  with  Regard  to  the  Lakes  Ontario,  Erie, 
and  Cbamplain,  they  were  to  belong  neither  to  *  one  nor 
the  other,  but  (houid  be  equally  frequented  by  the  Sub- 
jects of  both  Crowns,  who  (hould  have  an  equal  Right 
to  trade  there,  ^d.  To  grant  definitively  to  England, 
not  only  that  Part  of  the  Peninfula  to  the  North  oi  Acadia, 
which  was  then  in  Difpute,  but  alfo  the  Space  of  Twenty 
Leagues,  from  South  to  North,  in  all  that  Country 
which  reaches  from  the  River  Pentagoet,  as  far  as  the 
Gulph  o(  St.  Lawrence,  j^ib.  and  /tf/?/y,  That  all  the 
>  Southern 

*  See  No.  5.         ;:  ;    ^ 


i  -'♦ 


(  30  ) 

Southern  Bank  of  the  River  St.  Lawrence,  ihould  belong 
to  no  Body,  but  (hould  remain  uninhabited. 

On  thefe  Conditions  his  Britannic  Majefty  was  willing  ' 
to  commit  the  Decifion  of  his  other  Claims  to  the  Com- 
miflaries  of  the  two  Crowns. 

By  that  Means  the  Court  of  London  rendered  the  Pre- 
liminary Ncgociation  as  long,  and  fubjeft  to  as  many 
Difficulties,  as  the  principal  One,  which  was  all  that  it  de- 
fired.  The  Court  of  France,  fenfiblc  that  Prppofals  fo 
ditFerent  from  thofe  firft  made,  only  tended  to  prevent 
the  Conclufion  of  a  prehminary  Agreement,  infilled  on 
the  Ncceffity  of  beginning,  before  all  Things,  with  giv- 
'  ing  Orders  to  prevent  all  Hoftilities,  and  to  put  a  Stop 
to  all  Violences.  It  was  alfo  propofed,  that  the  two 
Courts  ftiould  mutually  communicate  to  each  other,  the 
Orders  they  gave  ;  but  with  this  Propofal||,  fo  juft  and 
equitable,  the  Britijh  Minifters  abfolutely  refufed  to  com- 
ply, in  the  Anfwer§  they  fent  to  the  Duke  de  Mrepoix, 
the  fith  of  Jpril,  1 755. 

There  was  therefore  a  Ncceffity  to  return  and  combat 
that  Plan  of  Agreement,  on  which  the  Englifit  Miniftry 
fo  much  infilled. ,  It  was  eafy  to  prove,  that  the  preli- 
minary Agreement  which  England  demanded,  began  with 
abfolutely  deciding,  to  the  Prejudice  of  France,  that 
Controverly,  which  his  Britannic  Majefty  had  formerly 
promifed  to  refer  to  Commiffaries.  By  that  Plan,  the 
French  irretrievably  loft  all  Trade  with  Canada  by  the 
River  St.  John,  the  King  was  ftripped  of  the  Property 
of  the  three  Lakes,  which  had  always  been  looked  on  as 
Part  of  New-France,  and  the  River  St.  Lawrence,  which 
is  the  Center  of  Canada,  became  the  Boundary  of  that 
Colony.  All  thefe  Things  were  difcuffed  it)  a  Letter  of 
the  1 3th  of  yipril,  1 755?*  by  which  the  French  Mini- 
fter  informed  the  Duke  4'  Mirepoix  of  his  Majefty's  In- 
tentions, and  his  Anfwer  to  the  Plan  propofed  by  Eng- 
land, which  was  an  abfolute  Refufal  to  agree  thereto. 

On  the  24th  of  April,    1 7^5,    the  Britifi  Minifters 

lent  the  Ambaffador  oi  France,    a  fort  of  an  Anfwer  to 

4  See  N°.  6.    §  See  N".  7.    t  See  N<».  8.  ,\h9^ 


i-'X'  •^^^''■f^"'i-'^-i-f^f*«illfv^'^" 


r-^rmrmifi^. 


■wifJUfw 


,  fliould  belong 

a: 

fty  was  willing  " 
IS  to  the  Com- 

idercd  the  Pre- 
t  to  as  many 
^asallthatitde- 
t  Prppofals  fo 
led  to  prevent 
It,  infilled  on 
ngs,  with  giv- 
to  put  a  Stop 
that  the  two 
;ach  other,  the 
III,  fo  juft  and 
refufed  to  com- 
ce  de  Mirepoix^ 

urn  and  combat 
•.nglifll)  Miniftry 
that  the  preli- 
led,  began  with 
■  France^  that 
r  had  formerly 
that  Plan,  the 
Canada  by  the 
>f  the  Property 
en  looked  on  as 
Mwrence^  which 
undary  of  that 
I  ii)  a  Letter  of 
I  French  Mini- 
is  Majefty*s  In- 
pofed  by  Eng- 
ree  thereto. 
\rUifl}  Minifters 
»f  an  Anfwer  to 
that 


•  (    3'     ) 

that  Letter.  They  had  not  yet  received  Advice  of  tTie 
lad  Difpofition  of  Affairs  in  America^  nor  were  they  fure 
h  England,  that  the  Operations,  which  they  took  fo 
much  Care  to  conceal^  could  alt  be  executed  at  the  fame 
Time.  It  was  therefore  necefTary  flill  to  prolong  the  Ne- 
gotiation: So  we  fee,  that  in  that  Anfwer*  the  Court  of 
Lou/ion  complains  of  the  little  Attention  that  the  French 
Miniftcr  had  given  to  their  Refleftions  i  and,  they  alfo 
add,  that  they  are  ready  to  enter  upon  an  Examination  of 
all  the  Points  in  Difpute^  and  in  the  Course  of  that 
Examination,  theywill  be  able  to  difcover  wherein  the 
principal  Differences  conftfi. 

His  Ma  jefly,  even  then,  would  have  very  willingly 
confented  to  enter  upon  the  Examination  and  Difcuffion 
of  thofe  Points,  which  prevented  the  Co;)clufion  of  a  pre- 
liminary Treaty.     Of  this,  the  Duke  de  Mirepoix  alTured 
the  Miniflers  of  Great-Britain,   on  the  6th  of  May, 
I755f :  And  in  the  Memorial  which  the  Court  of  Lon^ 
don  ordered  to  be  fent  to  him,    on  the  gth  of  the  fama 
Month,    they  affedl  to  teftify  the  greatefl  Satisfaftion  on 
that  Account.  In  thefe  Terms  they  exprefs  themfelves  :§ 
**  The  Court  of  Great-Brttain  fees,  with  the  greatefl; 
**  Satisfaction,  by  the  Anfwer  which  his  Excellency   the 
•*  Duke  de  Mirepoix  has  fent  to  Mr.  Robin/on,   the  6th 
**  of  this  Month,  not  only  that  the  Court  oi  France  con- 
**  tinues  in  its  ReG^ution  to  maintain  the  Peace,  but  that 
•*  its  Difpofitions  »%  the  fame  as  thofe  of  £»^/a»</ always 
•*  have  l^en,  and  that  it  is  flill  ready  to  enter,    without 
**  Delay,  upon  the  Examination  and  amicable  DifculTion 
**  of  all  the  Points  in  Difpute.     The  Court  of  London, 
'*  in  the  whole  Courfe  of  this  Examination,  has  proceed- 
*'  ed  with  fo  much  Candour  and  Sincerity,  &c.'* 

It  is  not  necefTary  to  remark  the  Date  of  that  Memo- 
rlol.  Every  Body  may  compare  It  with  thofe  of  General 
Braddock*s  Letters,  which  1  have  fpoken  of  above,  and 
may,  if  they  pleafe,  reconcile  that  Candour  and  Sincerity, 
with  the  Hoftilities  which  were  then  committed  in  America. 
At  the  very  Time  that  the  Miniflers  of  Great-Britain, 


SecN'.g.    t  SeeN*.  lo,    JSeeN".  n. 


were 


* 


\'' 


Pw^ii^ 


;  i^'^^MiittS^i^fM^....^ 


-mm*  * '.  ^'^~'. 


i*»««ll»llw»W».«=««»iai^-jji.f||Bfe; 


^-U-^ 


^rwnnnaiyMIMMn 


V     ♦■'. 


(     3»     > 


;; 


r  / 


!< 


i    • 


wereeivmgfuch  repeated  and  ftrong  Affurances  to  his 
Maiefty's  Ambaffador,  the  People  ih  London  begin  to 
pubhlh,  thai  a  Rupture  was  refoWcd  on,  and  tttot  Admi- 
fal  Bofcawen,  who  had  juft  fet  Sail,  had  Orders  to  attack 
the  French  Veflcls  wherever  he  fhould  Hnd  their.    No 
longer  did  they  aflign  the  pretended  Encroachments  of 
France  as  Motives  of  the  VVar,  but  the  Neccffity  therii 
was  to  embrace  this  Opportunity  to  rum  her  Conimftce, 
and  to  put  it  out  of  her  Power  to  rc-eftabl.m  her  Manpe. 
Thefe  Reports  wcrefo  current  and  unitorm,  that  the 
Duke  de  Mirepoix,  thought  it  his  Duty  to  inform  his 
Court  thereof  :  Which  he  did,  notwithftanding  the  moft 
formal  and  repeated  AfluranceS,  which   the  Minifters  of 
Great-Britain  gave  him  of  theit  pacific  Intentions.  They  | 
told  him  again  and  again,  that  he  ought  to  give  no  Crc 
dit,  either  To  common  Reports,  or  to  the  public  News- 
papers.   Nay,   thefe  Minifters  went  even  farther  :  The 
Dulce  de  Mirepoix,  having  about  the  latter  End  f  fpr'fy  \ 
Ihewed  fome  Uneafinefs  about  the  Deftination  of  Admi- 
ral Bofcawen*s  Fleet,  and  the  Orders  that  were  given  him, 

•  they  pofitively  afTurcd  him,  that  the  Engltjh  would  cer- 
tainly not  attack  firft. 

Confidering  the  Confidence  due  to  fo  many  Appearan- 
ces of  Sincerity,  it  is  no  Wonder  that  g:^»«  tl^o^ghtthc 
Negotiation  ought  to  be  continued.     The  Enghjh  Mmi-\ 
ftert  had  never  made  a  Propofal,  but  at  the  fame  Time, 
they  gavefufficient  Room  to  belicvcihat  it  was  not  their 

•  laft  :  Therefore,  on  the  12th  of  May,  the  Dukc^^  A*H 
repoix  fent  them  a  Memorial,  much  more  regular  than  the 
former  II,  and  in  which  the  Rights  and  Interefts  of  both 
Nations  were  examined,  with  Relation  to  Articles  of  a 
preliminary   Agreement,    in  which  they  couU  not  yet 

*°  The  £»p///Zr  Miniftry  made  him  wait  an  Anfwer,  till 
the  End  of  M^^,  and  fome  Days  in  June:  On  the  7th 
tliev  fcpt  it.  Now  if  any  one  will  reflca:,  that  on  the  8  th 
Admiral  P^jcawen  gave  the  Signal  of  an  open  Rupture 
by  Sea,  h.:  muft  be  convinced,  that  the  Delay  ot  that  An- 1 


12. 


*!*•' 


AfTurances  to  his 
London  began  to 
and  tttAt  Admi- 
Orders  to  attack 
find  thcnr».    No 
Encroachments  of 
ic  Neceflity  thcrt 
ihcr  Commfrce, 
ablilh  her  Mariwe. 
uniform,  that  the 
uty  to  inform  his 
iftanding  the  mo^ 
the  Minifters  of 
Intentions.  They] 
It  to  give  no  Cre« 
the  public  News- 
even  farther :  The  I 
tterEnd  oi  Aprity 
tination  of  Admi- 
lat  were  given  him, 
nglijh  would  ccr-| 

3  many  Appearan- 
Fr<J»f*  thought  the 
The  Englijh  Mini- 
\t  the  fame  Time,! 
hat  it  was  not  their  | 
,  the  Duke  de  Mi- 
3re  regular  than  the  I 
id  Interefts  of  both 
)n  to  Articles  of  a 
;hey  coukl  not  yet 

vait  an  Anfwer,  till 
June-.  On  the  7th 
eft,  that  on  the  8  th  I 
if  an  open  Rupturel 
c  Delay  of  that  An-I 
fwer,| 


(   n   ) 

fwer,  made  a  Part  of  that  Plan  of  Aftion,  which  the  Court 
of  London  had  formed. 

In  that  Anfwer,  which  was  deferred  with  fo  much  Ad- 
drefs,  the  Britijh  Miniftry  repeated  anew,  the  Grounds  of 
all  their  Claims  in  America  -.  In  ic  they  found  the  Right 
which  England  has  to  that  Dominion  it  exercifcs  over  the 
Iroquois y  on  a  pretended  Sale  which  the  Indians  have 
jnade  to  the  E^nglijh.  In  fine,  they  renew  all  the  Dif- 
pntes  about  Acadia  :  the  Decifion  of  which  had  been  re- 
ferred to  the  Commiffaries  of  the  two  Nations.  This  was 
no  longer  to  treat, about  a  preliminary  Agreement,  which 
might  prevent  Hoftilities,  and  put  the  two  Courts  in  a 
Condition  to  treat  in  an  amicable  Manner.  It  was  to  exa- 
mine the  very  Foundation  of  the  Coijtroverfy :  But  ic 
then  little  concerned  England,  which  had  only  fought  to 
gain  Time  j  and  now  approached  the  Period,  when  all 
their  Enterprizes  mlift  become  notorious. 

On  the  15th  oVjulyy  the  News  came  to  London,  of  the 
Capture  of  two  French  Men  of  War, '  the  Alcide  and  the 
Lys.  They  had  been  attacked  on  the  Banks  of  New 
foundland  by  Admiral  Bofcawsn,  who  had  talked  of  no- 
thing but  Peace,  till  the  Morticnt  he  had  brought  his 
iGuns  to  bear^  and  was  ready  to  pour  a  Broadfidc  into 
them. 

If  his  Majefty's  AmbafTador  at  London,  ^iid  Room  to 
be  furprifed  at  that  News,  he  had  much  more  Reafon 
afterwards,  at  the  Infinuation  of  one  of  the  Englijb  Mi- 
niftersi  who  would  have  him  attribute  fuch  operi  Hoftili- 
ticsrfo  a  Mtftake.  The  Secretary  of  State,  went  fo  far  as 
to  endeavour  to  pci-fuade  him,  that  what  had  happened, 
ought  by  np  Means  to  break  off  the  Negotiation.  Doubt- 
lefs,  it  would  have  been  more  advantageous  for  the  Britijb 
Miniftry,  that  France  had  negotiated  till  they  could  have 
had  certain  Advice,  that  the  general  Plan  of  Invafion, 
the  Succefs  of  which  was  then  looked  on  certain,  was  car- 
ried into  Execution. 

From  what  is  faid,  it  is  eafy  to  judge,  whether  the 
Departure  of  the  Frencl^  Ambaffadci  from  London,   was 

S  t09 


■*^. 


(     34    ) 
too  precipitate,  as  the  Court  pf  Great-Britain  aflcrts,  iii 
the  Memorial  which  I  havtf  anfwcrcd,   only  by  a  Detail  ot 

What  has  paired  fince  his  Departure,  either  in  Europe 
or  America,  is  too  public,  and  too  well  known,  to  need  a 
Relation  here.  The  Account  I  have  given,  both  «t  the 
military  Operations,  and  political  Negotiations  of  Engjatid, 
is  fufficient  to  give  a  iuft  Idea  of  the  Caufes  of  the 
Rupture,  and  of  the  Views  which  have  influenced  both 

**S  are  the  Fafts.  England  cannot  deny  one  of  them. 
Let  Eurcfe  now  pronounce^ 


End  of  the  Firft  Volume* 


Ww^ 


.  j<.>***.v«<te.'<r-t'«r»f»i*H«4*»-~-S»'-^        --»»!»^- 


,>^?.J^i^W-i»?S*f(-& 


IBiWP^^PWiiini  ,.mwii  II'   -ir  wywpw^w'm'WIii"      ''   X'»''f»" 


nVtfiu  affcrts,  ifi 
nly  by  a  Detail  of 

either  in  Europe 
known,  to  need  a 
ven,  both  of  the 
itions  of  England^ 
Caufes  of  the 
c  influenced  both 

icny  one  of  thcna* 


lume* 


§> 


COLLECTION 

Of     PAPERS, 

Tending  to  vindicate  the  Condiift  of  the  Court  <£ France^ 
in  Anfwer  to  the  Obfcrvations  fcnt  by  the  Englijb  Mi- 
fliftry  to  the  fcveral  Courts  of  Europe. 

P  A  R^    the    FIRST, 
NUMB.    I. 

An  ExtraA  of  a  Mumojum  from  the  Britifli  Court,  de- 
liver* d  to  the  French  Ambaffador  the  14//&  July,  1 749, 
in  Anfwer  to  that  which  was  fent  from  the  French 

.  King,  relating  to  the  Settlements  projeffed  by  Enghnd. 

HI  S  Majefty  the  King  of  Great -Britain,  having 
confidered  the  Memorial  which  wa$  prefented  to 
the  Duke  of  Bedford,  the  7th  of  laft  Month,  con- 
cerning Nova-Scotia,  by  Mr.  Durand,  one  of  the  Mi- 
niftefs  of  his  moft  Chriftian  Majefty,  at  the  Court  pf 
England,  ordered,  That  the  different  Obfervations  which 
appear  ncceflary  to  be  made  on  the  laid  Memorial,  be  re- 
prefented  iit  the  following  Manner  to  the  faid  M .  Durand. 
The  two  Points  concerning  which,  the  moft  Chriftian 
King  demands  an  Explanation  •,  to  wit.  The  Settlemept 
of  Acadia,  or  Nova  Scotia,  and  the  ProjcA  attributed  to 
Governor  Debhs^  are  in  thcmfelves,  fo  little  liable  to  any 
Objeftion  from  any  Power  whatfoever,  that  it '  will  be 
eafy  to  remove  the  bad  Opinion,  the  Court  df  France 
may  have  conceived,  by  the  falfe  Reports  which  nnay  have 
been  fuggefted  to  them  on  that  Account. 

The  only  Thing  which  might  in  Juftice  give  Umbrage 
^o  the  Court  of  France,  would  be  an  Apprehenfion  foun- 
ded on  Reafon,  that  the  King  had  given  Orders  to  extend 
the  Settlements  in  Nova-Scotia,  farther  than  his  Majefty 
had  a  Right  to  do,  by  the  iitii  Article  of  the  Treaty  of 
W^cht. 

'  -       m 


.A.-^friUJ^Pi^'-.:, 


iMiiiiiftimi, 


mil     imiiypiii 


f'36       ) 

Bbtfuch  an  Apprchenfion  falls  of  itfd^,  fince  the  King 
of  Great-Britain^  in  Con^rmity  to  the  Frencb  K\r)^\  Uo 
fire,  agrees  to  fubmit  the  Regulation  of  the  Limits  of 
^ova- Scotia  to  CommilTioners,  accort'ing  to  its  ancient 
Bounds,  as  alfo  the  Limits  and  the  Right  of  FoflTc-niun  of 
the  feveral  Iflands  and  Countries  in  yimerica^  which  have 
been  in  Difpute  between  the  two  Nations  •,  no:  ain  it  be 
fuppofcd  the  King  would  extend  Settlements,  which  muft 
of  Necefllty,  be  attended  with  vaft  Expencc,  in  a  Fart  of 
the  Province  he  has  not  a  clear  and  undoubted  Right  to. 

As  the  Limits,  therefore,  of  Neva-Scotia^  are  to  be 
fubmitted  to  the  Examination  of  CommilTionerSj  it  b 
needlcfs  to  anfwer  here  all  the  AITertions  contained  in  the 
Memorial  of  Mr,  Vurand  upon  that  Head.  M.  Bur  and 
has  alfo  lightly  touched  in  his  Memorial,  on  the  Plan  pro* 
jccled  by  Governor  Dobhsy  as  tending  to  incroach  upon 
the  Trade  which  the  French  have  with  the  Indians  to- 
wards the  North  of  Canada^  and  to  extend  the  Britijh 
Settlements  in  thofe  Parts,  to  the  Prejudice  of  the  Rights 
of  his  moft  Cbriflian  Majefly  •,  he  did  not  enter  into  Par- 
ticulars thereupon,  the  Objefts  of  the  faiid  Plan  not  bring 
fufficiently  known  in /•'r^wftf.  .    , 

But  it  would  be  very  eafy  to  give  the  Court  *of  France 
an  intire  SatisfaAion  on  that  Article,  affuring  them  that 
this  Plan,  which  was  debated  in  Parliament,  had  abfolutc- 
ly  no  other  Intention,  than  to  open  an  axclufive  Com- 
merce to  the  whole  Nation,  which  had  been  pradlifcd  a 
long  Time  by  a  privileged  Company,  under  a  private  Pa- 
tent i  and  that  only,  with  an  Intent  to  extend  a  general 
Trade  in  thofe  Parts,  and  not  to  enlarge  the  PcfTefliorts 
of  the  Nation,  at  the  Expente  of  any  other.         '        ' 

But  as  this  Plan  was  not  approved  of  in  Parliament,  it 
is  t4lw  laidaflde,  and  confequently  out  of  the  Queftion; 
nevdthelefs,  had  it  been  put  in  Execution,  it  cannot  be 
conceived,  how  it  could  have,  given  the  Court  of  France 
the  leafl:  Grounds  of  Complaint,  as  it  had  only  a  Relation 
to  an  Affair  that  concerned  the  Subje<5ts  of  the  Kingdptn 
alone  j  thai  is  to  fay ^  Whether  a  Trade,  a  long  Time 

praftifed 


IvJv*' 


L;V.#,1-,-,  ^« 


pradlifed 
vate  Coi 
Majefly' 
His  { 
makes  r 
mands  n 

ly?.  '1 

to  commit 

tr  en  thii 

ihe  Poffej^ 

that  migi 

Treaty  0 

ments  z6 

2d,  T 

two  Con- 

fhail  be  a 

ring  the  1 

between  1 

Neva-Sec 

of  that  C 

Nations  t 

(accordinj 

which  are 

are  to  rcr 

Before 

by  his  Si 

(though 

laid  Clain 

Decifion 

I^efire  to 

reflored 


//Letter/ 
complain 
uetthe 

IHavd 
of5 
to  reprcf 


'm  !»<<»» «rmi Bin 


T'-*T 


fince  tlie  King 
Hch  King's  Ue- 

the  Limits  of 
g  to  its  ancient 
of  Foffcfrion  of 
cat  which  have 
i  i  no;  c«n  it  be 
nts,  which  muft 
»cc,  in  a  Part  of 
ijbtctl  Right  to. 
coti^y    are  to  be 
niflionerSi  it  is 
contained  in  the 
ad.  M.  Bur  and 
on  the  Plan  pro- 
o  incroach  upoji 

the  Indians  th- 
ttend  the  Britijh 
ice  of  the  Rights 
t  enter  into  Far- 
id  Flan  not  being 

Court  ♦of  France 
uring  them  that 
:nt,  had  abfolutc- 
i  exclufive  Gom- 
been pradifcd  a 
der  a  private  Fa- 
extend  a  generil 
ye  the  Pcffcfllorts 
Cher.         • 
in  Parliament,  it 
of  the  Queftion; 
:i6n,  it  cannot  Be 
Court  of  France 
d  only  a  Relation 
of  the  Kingdom 
de,  a  longTlme 
pra£tiied 


"(     37    1 

praAifcdat /7w//<>«*s-fl<ijr,  fhould  be  continued  by  a  pri- 
vate Company,  cxclufively,  or^Ihould  be  open  to  all  hit ' 
Majefty's  Subjcftsin  general. 

His  Majefty  having  thus  explained  his  Sentiments, 
makes  no  Difficulty  to  declare,  in  Anfwcr  to  the  De- 
mands made  by  the  Court  of  Fr««ff  •, 

)ft.  That  effeiiual  Orders  have  already,  been  giveny  not 
to  commit  any  Attempt ^  either  on  the  Side  of  Nov a-Scoiu, 
or  en  that  of  Hudlbn'j-Bay,  a^ainfi  ihelrade^  or  againft 
lie  Poffejfions  of  his  Moft  Cbrijiian  Majejly's  Subjetts  ;  or 
that  might,  in -any  RtTpeft,  derogate  irom  the  (definitive 
Treaty  of  /lix-la-ChapelUy  or  from  any  former  tngagc- 
ments  actually  exifling  between  'the  two  Crowns. 

idy  That  his  Majelly  conl'cnts  to  nominate  forthwith, 
two  CommifTioncrs,  to  confer  at  Paris^  with  thofc  who 
fhall  be  appointed  by  his  mort  Chriftian  Majefty,  concer- 
ning the  rcfpedive  Limits,  which  arc  adually  in  Difpute 
between  the  two  Crowns ;  not  only  thofe  which  concern 
Nova-Scotia  or  Acadia,  but  alfothe  Limits  in  other  Farts 
of  that  Continent,  whtrcfoever  the  Settlements  of  the  two 
Nations  border  one  upon  another ;  as  alio,  to  determine 
(according  to  a  Propofal  made  in  a  former  IVlemorial) 
which  are  the  Iflands  belonging  to  each  Crown,  and  which 
are  to  remain  neutral.    ' 

Before  his  Majefty  approved  of  any  Settlements  raifed 
by  his  Subieds  in  that  Part  of  Nova-Scotia^  to  which 
(though  undoubtedly  belonging  to  the  King)  France  has 
laid  Claim,  he  confented  to  ilibmit  his  Pretenfions  to  the 
Decifion  of  CbmmifTioners,  as  a  convincing  Proof  of  his 
Defire  to  prefervc  the  Union  and  Harmony  fo  happily 
reftored  between  the  two  Crowns. 

'  "'  '     NUMB.    ir. 

//Letter  from  my  L,  Albemarle,  to  M.  the  Marquis  de  Puyzieiilx, 
complaining  ef  a  Detachment  fent  hy  M.  de  la  Jonqulere,  to  pro- 
tt£1the  Inhabitants  o/'Chiboudi.         Paris^  March  25,  1750. 

I  Have  this  Moment^rcceived  a  Letter  from  fhe  Duke 
ofBedfordy  wherein  I  have  Orders  fromljis  Majefly, 
I  to  r^prcf^nt  to  your  Excellency,  the  Caufcsof  Compbint,- 

which 


,'-i 


h 


MM 


iwrw" 


<tm' 


••m^ 


!'-•> 


(  33  ) 
which  the  Governors  of  his  modCbriflianM&jefiy  in  /Imi- 
rica  have  occafioncd,  by  incroaching  upon  the  Territo- 
ries of  his  Majefty  in  Nova-Scotia.  It  is  with  the  grcar- 
fft  Rcludance,  that  his  Majefly  finds  himfclf  under  4 
Mcceflity  of  making  Heprelentations  againd  any  of  the 
Subje<^s  of  his  mort  Cbriftian  Majefty  \  and  more  fo, 
liaving  entertained  fomc  J  lopes,  that  after  thofe  which  I 
Ji;)d  nude,  by  his  MajcUy'ii  Orders  in  September  Va^^  ami 
the  Anfwer  of  your  f'.xccllcncy,  concerning  the  Settle- 
ment which  M.  de  la  Galijjonniere  had  undertaken  at  the 
River  St-  j'ohn^  pofitive  Orders  had  been  fcnt  to  the 
French  Governors,  not  only  to  terrninatc  every  Caulc  of 
]3ifpute,  but  alfo  to  avoid  for  the  future,  with  the  greateil 
Care,  all  Proceedings  which  might  give  rife  to  new  De- 
bates. Nevcrtlielcfs,  his  Majclly  lias  now  received  Let- 
ters from  Governor  Coruwa/Z/j,  oi  Nova-Scotia^  wherein 
he  complains,  that  M.  deJa  Jonquiere  fcnt  Troops  to 
Chiboudit  which. is  one  of  thuke  Diftridls  that  had  fent 
Deputies  to  the  faid  Governor,  at  his  Arrival  in  that  Pro- 
vince, in  order  to  fubmit  themfelves  to  him,  and  to  re- 
ceiye  the  Orders  of  his  Majefly.  There  can  be  no  flronger 
Proof,  that  thofe  Inhabitants  looked  upon  themfelves  as 
Subjeds  of  Great-Britain^  fincc  the  Province  of  Nova' 
Scotia  was  annexed  to  that  Crown. 

It  is  needicfs  to  repeat  here  the  Reafons  which  au- 
thorize his  Majefty  to  demand  that  Juftice  which  is  due 
to  him  on  the  Account  of  the  new  Proceedings  ot  M.  dt 
la  Jonquiere  \  his  moft  Chrifiian  Majefty  cannot  be  igno- 
rant of  them.  After  the  exprefs  Orders  his  Majefty  fent 
to  all  his  Governors^  to  bear  continually  in  Aiind  to  adjuji 
a'!  thbfe  Dijputes  in  an  amicable  Manner,  and  confequentlj 
fo  avoidf  with  Care,  all  Manner  of  Hoftilities*,   unlcls 

ajuft 

*  T/j.'t  it  <what  Covernor  Cornwalli!  has  not  done,Jitce  it  is  certain, 
that  the  Fort  at  Mines,  <iW  that  at  Bcaubaffin,  'were  built  before  thi 
t'terxh  rai/eJ^tho/e  0/ riea[i(e]oar  a?iii  Gafpareaax,  anJ  that  the  latlir 
nA;ere  built  only  after  the  violent  Meafuret  taken  by  Governor  Comwallis, 
again/I  the  hibahitdnts  of  toe  Idhmai,  which  haJ  obliged  them  to  retiri 
to  the  inner  Part  of  the  Lands.  This  is  a'Fa£t  which  the  Englifli  cannel 
deny,  as  the  JEra  of  the  Buildi'ig  oftboje  Farts,  is  iveilintxvn  to  l/iti 
HalitHs.  ■.* 


■4^':-x.<ih'^_^.^^'~-~^'~'-^''',y^f-. 


■fpiMWVn 


*mA  im 


rmm^. 


in  Majcfty  in  Ami- 
upon  the  Tcrrito- 

is  with  the  great- 1 
I  himfelf  under  a 
5ainft  any  ot  the 

i  and  more  fo, 
iher  thofc  whkh  I 
September  laft,  and 
:rning  the   Settle- 

undertaken  at  the 

lieen   lent   to  the 
ato  every  Caulc  of 
c,  with  the  grcateft 
ve  rife  to  new  De- 
now  received  Lct- 
va-Scotiat  wherein 
e  fent   Troops  to 
i(5ls  that   had  fent 
Arrival  in  that  Pro- 
:o  him,    and  to  rc- 
c  can  be  no  ftronger 
ipon  rhemfelvts  as 
'rovincc  of  Nova' 

Leafons  which  au- 
jftice  which  is  due 
oceedings  ot  M.  dt 
;fty  cannot  be  igno- 
rs  his  Maje/iyfent 
ly  in  Mind  to  adjujf 
wr,  and  confequentl) 
Hoftilities*f  unlcls 
ajufl:! 

done,fi»ce  it  h  certain,  I 
n,  were  built  before  tht\ 
lUX,  and  that  the  latttr 

by  Governor  Cornwallis, 
•ad  obliged  them  Jo  rttiri 
which  the  Engliflj  cannot 
,  it  ivelikntvin  to  k'tl' 


hi    39    ) 
I  juft  Defence  of  the  Honour,  and  of  the  Rights  of  thtf 
Crown,    fl»ould   indifpenfably    require   thvm.     Without 
mentioning  his  Majefty's  inconteftablc  Right,  there  is   a 
Rfalon   of  mutual   Obligation,    to  determine  his  moft 
Cbrijtian  Majefty   to  give  the  hice  Orders  to    M.  de  la 
Jotijuiere^  that  it  belongs  to  him  to  reftore  all  Things  in 
their  former  State,  until  the  Commiflioners,  whoare-im- 
powered  to  decide  on  the  Limits  in  yimerica,  have  fettled 
the  Decifion  thereof,  and  have  dirc^cd  the  Rights  of  the 
two  Crowns,  and  that  he  defift  from  every    Attempt 
which  might  give  the  leaft  Interruption  to  the  Union  fo 
happily  reftored  between  both  Nations.     The  King  of 
Great-Britain  is  perfwaded   that  his  moft  Chriftian   Ma- 
jcfty will  be  fo  much  the  more  inclined  to  make   Ufe    of 
liich  friendly  and  wholefome  Meafures,  as  fmall  Contefta 
of  this  Kind,    draw  after  them  much  greater;    unlcft 
timely  prevented.  /  «»»»   ^c- 

Signed,  Albemarle.' 

I  An  Answer  from  the  Marquis  de  Puyzieulx,    to  tb*  • 
foregoing  Letter. 

-  "    *  FerfailleSy  March  ^it  1750: 

I        Sir,  * 

I  Received  the  Letter  your  Excellency  was  plcafed  to 
honour  me  with,  dated  the  25th  of  this  Inftant,  con- 
Itainingthe  Complaints  your  Court  makes  againft  the 
Marquis  de  la  Jonquiere^  Governor  of  New  France^  for 
fending  a  Detachment  ot  Troops  to  Chiboudiy  as  the 
Count  de  la  Galijfonniere^  his  Predeceffbr,  had  done 
heretofore  to  the  River  St.  John. 

The  Britiftt  Court  has  no  Doubt  feen  the  Reafons,' 
which  have  authorized  the  Conduct  of  thefc  two  Gover- 
nors in  a  Memorial  delivered  to  them  in  7«»*laft,  wherein 
it  was  demonftrated,  that  the  River  St.  John  and  Cbiboudi 
I  are  on  the  Continent  of  Canada. 

1  As  to  the  Submiflions  which  fome  of  the  Inhabitant* 
of  Chiboudi  are  faid  to  have  made  to  the  Englifh  Gover- 
Bor  of  Nova-Scotia,  before  the  Arrival  of  the  Detach-. 


\ 


ii 


•tr 


I         i 


i'lfff    -  iiiliiMiMiiiii'ii 


^-..c-^ 


"  mwffm^Hfun 


> 


!   j 


m^' 


i-/^ 


\  ! 


•  C    40   )      *       • 

ment  from  Canada^  the  faid  Inhabitants  being  intimidated 
by  that  Governor,  thofe  Submiflions  would  not  acquire 
any  Right  to  Great- Britair..  nor  prevent  their  being  let- 
tied  on  French  Ground  ;  they  would  only  prove§  that  if 
there  was  any  Commotion  upon  that  Frontier,  it  was  oc- 
cafioncd  by  fome  Innovations  brought  about  by  the  Rug- 
lijh  Governor  ;  and  certain  it  is,  that  the  Precautions 
which  the  French  Governors  thought  it  their  Duty  to  take, 
were  with  no  other  View  than  to  remove  from  the  faid 
Inhabitants  the  Fear  of  thole  Innovations. 

But  there  are  to  be  no  more  Debates  on  that  Head,  a- 
mongft  the  refpedive  Governors,  by  Virtue  of  the  Or- 
ders they  have  received  to  make  no  Altera.tions  until  the 
Limits  are  lettled,  which  is  to  be  done  by  CommilTion- 
ers :  Orders,  whicn  A/,  delajonquiere  touid  not  have 
received  when  he  lent  the  Detachment  to  Chiboudiy  fincc 
they  co«id  hot  be  fcnt  over  to  him  before  the  latter  Part 
of  the  Winter,   as  'tis  well  known  in  England. 

Laftly,  This  ought  jjo  make  us  the  more  fenfible  of 
•the  Necefllty  there  is  to  endeavour  to  forward  the  Bufincfs 
of  the  CommiflTioners  who  are  to  regulate  the  Limits  of 
the  two  Crowns,  in  America ;  and  the  King  orders  mc 
to  renew  his  Inftances  on  that  Head,  with  his  Majefty 
the  King  of  Great-Britain  :  His  Majefly  infifts  thereon 
with  fo  much  the  more  Earneftncfs,  as  this  Work  tends 
to  keep  up  that  gopd  Harmony,  fo  happily  reftored  be- 
tween the  two  Crowns,  and  the  Subj  efts  thereof;  and 
his  Majefty  has  nothing  more  at  Heart,  than  to  procure 
the  Support  and  Prefervation  thereof. 

I  am,  ^c.  ' 

Signed,  PuYZiEULX. 

"'     I  I^UMB; 

^  TheCt:  Sulm'ijfiens forced  from  fame  Inhahitants ,  were,  in  Effe^,  a 
Sequel cf  the  Threats  of  the  Englifh  (iovernor,  and  frame  a  recent  4'' 
tempt.  Ho<w  cameit  to  paf,  ftnce  the  Treaty  o/Utrecht,  that  England 
has  had  tio  Thought  of  making  that  Country  ad^pomitedge  the  Autboritj 
•f  its  Go'sernment  ?  IVe  are  yet  in  Doukt,  as  to  the  SubmiJJioH  of  the  In- 
habitants ;  hut  certain  it  is,  the  major  Part  of  them  imfltrtd  tbt  Pf*'. 
teuton  of  the  Marquis  dc  la  Jonquicre.  againji  Fielenct. 


tm  \'9ni  tm  fill  fy,i.fjmwwtii  w.'yi 


ants  being  intimidated 
ns  would  not  acquire 
revent  their  being  let- 
ild  only  prove§  that  if 
t  Frontier,  it  was  oc- 
;ht  about  by  the  Eng- 
that  the  Precautions 
t  it  their  Duty  to  take, 
;move  from  the  faid 
ations. 

ates  on  that  Head,  a- 
jy  Virtue  of  the  Or- 

Altera.tions  until  the 
one  by  Commifilon- 
liere  touid  not  have 
cnt  to  ChihuJiy  fmcc 
before  the  latter  Part 
m  England. 
the  more  fenfible  of 
o  forward  the  Bufincfs 
gulate  the  Limits  of 

the  King  orders  mc 
i,  with  his  Majefty 
lajefty  infifts  thereon 
,  as  this  Work  tends 

0  happily  reftored  be- 
bjefts  thereof  ;  and 
sart,  than  to  procura 
)f: 

'gnedj  PuYZiEULX. 

tiitants,  ivtre,  in  EffeS,  » 
r,  and  prove   a  recent  4'' 

1  o/'Utrecht,  that  England 
ac/uicwkdge  the  Authoritf 
r  to  the  SubmiJJion  of  the  In- 
t  of  them  imfUrid  the  Ptt' 
njt  Fioleaci, 


\_  .  i|il^il!l|IIL,«P 


wimiiiiww^'^tw 


'^■ 


II  J-  liinn 


Ifetisv..,- 


(       41       )  *      • 

NUMB.  III. 
/t  Memo^al  delivered iy  Order  of  his  moft  Chriftian 
Majefty^  to  my  Lord  Albemarle,  the  c,th  of  January, 
1 75 1,  andfent  the  fame  Day  to  M.  the  Duke  of  Mire- 
poix,  in  England ;  containing  the  Complaints  which 
France  makes  concerniug  the  Hcftilities  committed  and 
allowed  of  by  the  Englilh. 

TH  E  publick  News-Papers  have  made  known, 
iomt  Months  fmcc,  feveral  Attempts  which  the 
Englifh  have  made  againft  fome  French  Vcflcls  in  the  Bay 
of  6V,  Lawrence^  and  upon  theCoaft  of  New-Prance :  But 
this  News  feemed  fo  contrary  to  the  Right  of  Nations,  and 
the  friendly  Difpofitions  of  which  the  Britifh  Court  has 
given  fo  many  Marks  fince  the  Reftoration  of  Peace,  that 
no  Credit  could  be  given  to  them :  But  now,  to  our  greateft 
Surprize,  wc  hear,  by  Letters  from  Canada  and  Caper 
Breton,  that  Englijh  Veflels  ad  in  thofe  Seas,  as  in  the  Time 
of  an  open  War.  During  the  whole  Summer  laft,  thofe 
VefTels  were  Ipread  about,  even  to  the  utmoft  Part  of 
the  Bay  of  St.  Lawrence,  flopping  and  infulting  all  the 
French  Sloops  they  came  a-crofs.  They  attempted  to 
take  away  a  Brigantine  which  was  at  Anchor  in  the  River 
St,  John,  to  which  Place  fhe  had  been  fent  by  the  In- 
tendant  of  Canada,  to  carry  Provifions  to  the  Detach- 
ments of  the  King's  Troops  which  are  in  thofe  Parts  ; 
and,  finding  it  could  not  be  done,  an  Englijh  Captain 
took  fome  Sailors  out  of  the  Brig,  who  have  fince  been 
fent  by  Governor  Cornwallis,  to  Cape-Breton.  But, 
without  entering  into  Particulars  concerning  all  the  Vio- 
lences and  Irregularities  of  which  the  Englifh  have  been 
guikyi  we  fhall  only  mention  here  two  Fadts. 

The  firfl  is.  The  taking  of  a  French  Sloop  called  the 
London,  Capt.  Jalain,  by  two  Snows  of  War.  This 
Sloop  was  fent  by  the  Intendant  of  Canada  to  Chedaick, 
inthcBuyof  St.  Lawrence,  thereto  carry  Provifions  to 
the  King's  Troops,  as  alfo  the  annual  Prefents,  which  it 
was  cuftomary  for  his  Majefty  to  make  to  certain  Tndians 
belonging  to  a  French  ^lif^lon ;  the  faid  Prefents  confift- 

G  cd 


■^-♦tJ>'wB!aig^'«-  «»■»« 


^yiAiWWIJ^jijWPWWWWl  Mimm  'V'\f 


(  4*  ) 
cd  in  Ammunition,  different  Sorts  of  Goods,  and  ProvJ- 
fions.  This  faid  Sloop  returning  from  Cbedaicky  where 
Ihe  had  landed  her  Cargo,  v._  taken,  towards  the  End 
of  the  Month  cH  Auguft^  between  the  Coaft  of  Canada 
and  the  Ifland  5/.  John.  Sh.:  was  afterwards  fent  to  Qi- 
iouffou,  where  fhe  was  condemned. 

The  fecond  is.  The  taking  a  French  Brigantine,   by  a 
Frigate  belonging  to   the  King  of  Great -Britaitty    the 
Circumftances  whereof,    will,    undoubtedly,    appear  to 
his  Britannic  Majefly,  more  a^ravating  than   the  firft. 
The  Marquis  de  la  Jonquiere ;  being  informed  of  the  Con- 
duft  of  the  Englifl)  VelTels,   had  often   fent   Complaints 
thereof  to  Governor  Cornwallis,  though  to  no  Purpofe  j 
and  having  Occafion  to  fend  the  neceffary  Succours  to 
the  Detachments  of  the  Troops  which   are  towards  the 
River  St.  John^  thought  it  neceffary,  in  September  lafl, 
to  fit  out  a  Brigantine  ac  ^ebec,  called   the   St.  Francis^ 
in  order  to  convoy  a  Schooner  laden  with  the  Succours 
«♦       afore-mentioned.     He  gave  to  Mr.  Vergor^    Captain  of 
the  Troops,  the  Command  of  the  Brig  aforefaid,   carry- 
ing Ten  fmall  Guns,  and  Sixty  Men,    including  Thirty 
Soldiers.     Captain  l^ergor  was  pofitivcly  forbidden  in  the 
Inftruftions  which  were  given   him,   to  undertake  any 
Thing  againfl  any  of  the  Engli^  Veffels  he  fhould  chance 
to  m?et  i  and  in  Cafe  he  found  any  one  that  would  op- 
pofe  him  in  his  PafTage,    his  Orders  were  not  to  fire  until 
the  EngUP  had  begun,  and  to  let  them  know  firft ,  that  he 
was  Commander  of  a   Vejfel  belonging  to  the  King  of 
•France,  fitted  out  to  carry  Proviftons  to  his  Troops. 

On  the  1 6th  of  OSfobery  the  Brigantine  and  Schooner 
being  Two  Leagues  to  the  Weflward  of  the  IfiesofSealy 
Capt.  Fergor  difcovered  at  Eleven  in  the  ForeniSbn,  an 
Englijh  Frigate  making  towards  him,  and  crowding  Sails, 
*  being  right  before  the  Wind,  prefently  came  up  to  him. 
In  about  Half  an  Hour  after,  the  Frigate  fired  a  Ball  a- 
'ftem  of  the  Brigantine,  and  hoifted  her  Flag.  Where- 
upon Capt.  Vergor  ordered  his  Streamer  and  Flag  to  tic 
hoifted,  and  fired  one  Gun,  without  (Jacking  Sail.     The 

*  Frigate, 


Wj, 


_tehn'^'  -^  J-- -■«■■■    .^~^~ 


'Goods,  and  Provf- 
m  Chedaicky  where 
t,  towards  the  End 
te  Coaft  of  Canada 
cerwards  fent  to  Chi' 

:A  Brigantine,   by  t 
Great 'Britaitty    the 
>ubtedly,    appear  to 
iting  than  the  firft. 
informed  of  the  Con- 
en   fent   Complaints 
Ligh  to  no  Purpofe  \ 
xefTary  Succours  to 
;h  are  towards  the 
,  in  September  laft, 
led  the  St.  FraneiSy 
with  the  Succours 
Vergor^    Captain  of 
rig  aforefaid,   carry- 
,    including  Thirty 
trely  forbidden  in  the 
I,   to  undertake  any 
fels  he  (hould  chance 
one  that  would  op- 
were  not  to  fire  until 
w  knowfirfty  that  be 
\ng  to  the  Kifig  of 
to  Us  Troops. 
mtine  and  Schooner 
I  of  the  IJles  of  Seal, 
1  the  Forenibn,  an 
,  and  crowding  Sails, 
y  came  up  to  him. 
igate  fired  a  Ball  a< 
her  Flag.     Where 
mer  and  Flag  to   be 
c  Hacking  Sail.     The 
Frigate, 


'  HniiwaDiii|r|>;BWBi'W'»W»"»""i 


iiiHHlniiHuimH); 


""*'*^. 


(  43  ) 
Frigate,  ftill  continuing  her  Purfuit,  came  in  Half  an 
Hour's  Time,  within  Reach  of  a  Six  Pounder,  then  fir- 
ed a  fecond  Gun,  and  hoifted  her  Streamer.  Soon  after 
a  Third  Gun  was  fired,  the  Bullet  whereof  went  through 
his  Fore-top- fail.  Then  he  prepared  for  an  Engage- 
ment, in  Cafe  of  a  frefh  Infult  :  However,  the  Englijh 
Frigate  coming  clofe  up,  again,  fired  a  fourth  Gun,  wirh 
a  Ball,  into  Capt.  ^(fri'flr's  Sails.  According  to  the  Or- 
ders the  Marquis  de  la  Jonquiere  had  given  him,  he  hail- 
ed the  VeflTd  in  Frencby  telling  them  he  was  Commander 
oi  A  Vejfel belonging  to  the  King  /  France,  and  that  he  was 
carrying  Provifions  and  Ammunition  to  the  Troops  of  his 
Majefty.  Whereupon  the  Englilh  Commander  made  no 
further  Anfwer,  than  to  tell  him  to  bring  to,  or  he  would 
fink  hinj.  To  which  the  French  Captain  ordered  the 
fame  Words  to  be  repeated  in  Enghjhy  which  had  before 
been  fpoken  in  French.  But  all  the  Anfwer  he  could  get, 
was  a  whole  Broadfide,  and  a  Volley  of  Mulkct-Shot. 
The  Fight  lafted  near  five  Hours  j  but  the  French  Brigan- 
tine  was  at  laft  fo  torn  and  ihattered  in  its  Sails  and  Rig- 
ging, that  Capt.  Vergor  was  obliged  to  ftrike,  after  having 
had  feveral  Men  killed  and  wounded.  His  Long- Boat  be  - 
jng  alfo  -n  a  fhattered  Condition,  the  Englijh  Captain  fent 
his  own  V  take  him  on  board,  where  Capt.  Vergor  ^\{c<t~ 
vercd  .  .  /as  the  Albany  Frigate,  carrying  Fourteen 
Guns,  '  wuty -eight  Swivels,  and  One  Hundred  and 
Twenty  Men,  commanded  by  Capt.  Rous.  This  Cap- 
tain alfo  took  the  Crew  on  board,  as  alfo  the  Soldiers  be- 
longing to  the  Brigantine  •,  and  left  none  but  the  Wound- 
ed, then  failed  immediately  for  ChibouEtoUy  leading  the 
Brig  aforefaid  in  tow.  They  arrived  at  ChibouSlou  the 
\cit\i6i05lober.  The  next  Day  Goveroor  Cornwallis 
fent  for  Capt.  Vergor^  wl|«  was  immediately  conduced 
from  on  board  the  Frigate  to  his  Houfe,  in  one  of  whofe 
Chambers  he  was  confined.  Governor  Cornwallis  cai^ie 
to  him  Half  an  Hour  after,  !|nd  having  given  his  People 
Orders  to  lock  him  in  with  the  faid  Vergor y  told  him  he 
Wits  forry  for  what  had  happened,  that  Capt.  Rous  had 
\  '  '  loft 


4.% 


<s,& 


"'"'''''^Mk^ 


-  ii>  *i  wtfftmmffnm'^^'^fm 


l|ip     i»nmjiWtWll,l  tll!ll]|lll|fgi|Hil|l|l>pii,l>WM|i.im||l..l'!tVIW'".>iJ>l'-"i|'Wy,»  ■■■I...-  ■'_  t|" 


loft  a  great  many  Men.  Heanfwered,  that  he  was  very 
forry  tor  it  himfeif,  that  it  was  altogether  owing  to  Capt. 
Rous,  whofe  Conduft  he  immediately  related.  Gover- 
nor Cornwallis  anfwcred,  that  if  Things  ^^ere  as  he  faid, 
Capt.  Rous  was  in  the  Wrong  ;  and  furthermore,  would 
call  his  Council  the  next  Day  to  decide  thereon,  which 
he  accordingly  did.  Capt.  Rous,  his  Mate,  and  fome  of 
the  Company  belonging  to  the  firigantine,  were  called  to 
it  ;  Capt.  Vergor  was  alio  called,  who  declared  the  Fafts 
in  the  fame  Manner  as  related  heretofore  :  Capt.  Rom 
could  not  but  own,  he  had  firft  fired  a  Gun  with  a  Ball  in 
the  Fore-inafl  ot  the  Brigantine.  Whereupon  the  Gover- 
nor arofe,  and  having  ordered  all  the  Officers  belonging 
to  the  Brigantine,  who  were  in  a  Room  adjacent,  to  come 
into  the  Council  Chamber ;  they  were  alked  who  had  fired 
the  firft  Gun,  and  they  all  replied,  that  Capt,  Rous  had 
fired  two  Vollies.  Immediately  the  Declaration  of  Capt. 
Vergor  was  red  before  them,  and  they  all  affirmed  it  true 
in  every  Circumftance.  Neverthelefs,  nothing  was  deter- 
mined, either  at  that  Sitting,  nor  at  five  or  fix  others  which 
were  fincc  alTembled.  But  two  or  three  Days  after  the 
firft  Sitting,  Governor  Cornwallis  aflced  Capt.  Vergor, 
what  he  would  require  to  repair  the  Brig,  fit  for  Sea  Ser- 
vice, offering  to  provide  him  with  all  that  was  neceflfary 
for  that  Purpofe }  He  anfwered,  he  could  not  do  without 
a  Main-maft,  and  four  Pieces  of  Cordage.  The  Governor 
promifed  he  Ihould  have  them,  and  accordingly  ordered 
one  to  be  cut  down,  which  the  Crew  belonging  to  the  Bri- 
gantine drew  out  of  the  Woods,  and  told  Capt.  Vergor^ 
to  fee  that  his  Sails,  his  Rigging,  and  every  Thing  elfe  he 
had  Occafion  for  were  mended.  Whilft  this  Captain  was 
about  repairing  his  VefTcl,  Capt.  i?(7ftj  applied  to  |he  Ad 
fc  miralty,  where  the  Brigantine  was  condernned.  In  a  Let 
ter  which  Governor  Cornwallis  wrote  to  M.  D^erlfiers, 
a  Commander  at  Cape-^retony  as  he  was  fending  him 
back,  Mr.  Vergor,  and  the  Men  belonging  to  the  Brig, 
as  alfo  their  Arms,  he  faith,  that  the  Adn^iraliy  prp 
nounced  it  a  lawful  Prize,  for  having  carried  on  an  illicit 

.  .     .        ■.■  ■     ■  Trad; 


'i;  iT  iJiiiiiiTiiii  iiwrtrn 


,  that  he  was  very 
her  owing  to  Capt, 
^  related.  Gover- 
ns were  as  he  faid, 
Furthermore,  would 
de  thereon,  which 
Mate,  and  fome  of 
tine,  were  called  to 
>  declared  the  Fafts 
tofore  :  Capt.  Rous 
Gun  with  a  Ball  in 
ercupon  the  Gover- 
:  Ofiacers  belonging 
n  adjacent,  to  come 
aflced  who  had  fired 
hat  Capt,  B.OUS  had 
Declaration  of  Capt. 
y  all  affirmed  it  true 
,  nothing  was  deter 
re  or  fix  others  whicl\ 
hree  Days  after  the 
liked  Capt.  Vergor, 
Brig,  fit  for  Sea  Ser- 
ill  that  was  neceffary 
:ould  not  dp  without 
iage.  The  Governor 
accordingly  ordered 
belonging  to  theBrl 
1  told  Capt.  Vergor, 
\  every  Thing  elfe  he 
hilft  this  Captain  was 
?ttj  applied  to|jie  Ad 
ondemned.  In  a  Let- 
:e  to  M.  D^erlfiers, 
he  was  fending  him 
:longing  to  the  Brig, 
the  i^dn^iralty  prp- 
5  carrkd  on  an  illicit 
^    Trad{ 


(     45     ) 
Trade  within  the  Province  of  his  Britannk  MajcftyJ 
Thefe  are  the  Terms  he  makes  ufe.of. 

There  is  no  NeceflUy  of  any  Pro  or  Con  in  an  Affair 
of  this  Kind.  Here  is  a  Veffel  fitted  out  for  the  Service 
of  his  Majefty,  commanded  by  one  of  his  Majefty's  Offi.- 
ccrs,  attacked  as  in  a  Time  of  War.  So  good  an  Opinion 
we  have  of  the  Integrity  of  his  Majefty  the  King  of  Creaf 
Britain's  Intentions,  that  we  cannot  attribute  an  Attempt 
fo  contrary  to  all  Manner  of  Laws,  to  any  Order  from 
his  (aid  Majefty  j  but,  on  the  contrary,  that  as  foon  as 
he  is  acquainted  with  the  Truth  of  thefe  Fa£ts,  we  «iay 
rely  entirely  on  his  Equity,  concerning  that  Juftice  and 
Satisfadlion  thefe  Captures  call  for  ;  as  alfo,  Orders  to  be 
given  to  prevent  hereafter  the  like  Abiife. 


?',  I 


Jn  ExtraSi  of  a  Letter  from  Capt.  Rous,  Commander  of 
his  Majefty's  Frigate  the  Albany.  Dated,  Chiboudoil, 
in  Ngva-Scotia,  the  31/tf/O^ober,   1750.  *     .,    : 

THE  Day  after  having  left  the  River  St.  yobn/sil 
palTed  Cape-Sable^  about  Noon,  I  dilcovercd  a 
Brigantine  and  a  Schooner,  turning  the  Cape,  about  two 
Miles  from  the  Coaft,  fteering  North- Weft ;  and  as  I 
had  before  been  informed  of  a  Brigantine  which  was  a  Pi- 
rate orj  that  Coaft  ;  [)  I  immediately  gave  her  Chace  in 
order  to  fpeak  to  her.  As  foon  as  (he  found  out  who  we 
were,  fhe  made  a.  Signal  to  the  Schooner  which  was  with 
her,  who  thereupon  altered  her  Courfe,  Weft-fouth-wefti 
coming  pretty  near  Gun-fhot  of  the  Brig,  which  was  fteering 
W.  N .  W.  I  firf  d  one  Gun  at  the  Fore- Part  of  the  faid  Brig, 
to  bring  her  to,  while  the  Schooner  was  making  off  with 
all  Speed.  The  Brigantine  put  up  French  Colours,  and 
ifired  alfo  one  Gun  •,  the  Schooner  did  the  fame,  but  put 
VP  no  Colours.  When  I  was  come  within  Gun-fhot,  I 

fired 

•  Tfjat  Extras  •wat  given  tfi  his  MajeByU  Minifter  hy  the  Englifli 

Jmhaffadar,  in  order  to  excvfe  the  ConduB  of  thu  Englifl),    Capt.  Rons 

fyffrtffts feveral  rffential  Circutnftances  therein,   and  altert  the  Fafft ; 

ptverthelefs  he  it  th/iged,  tt  own  that  he  luas  the  ^ggrtjfor. 

I  By  this  betdE^-:Mif*,  the  Epgliih  alvmys  chak  (heir  'ntfiiJilitt  ^t  Stg. 


"-J..- 


*'il 


^■■mm 


MNMiiiiili 


wiikmmmimt'i 


^mtm 


ti.aiiii«i«i«mi«mwfq«nw  •■., 


11 


# 


Ek^ 


(      46      ) 

Hred  another  right  a- head  of  her,  which  fhe  returned, 
and  furled  her  Main-fail  to  make  Room  for  her  Small- 
Arms  to  play,  and  prepared  to  engage  us.  We  hailed 
them  when  wo  wevrnear  enough  to  them,  but  they  re- 
turned no  Anfwer,  I  ordered  a  Six  Pounder  to  be  fired 
upon  them,  and  continued  hailing.  Soon  after  coming  up 
clofeto  her,  (he  prefented  her  Head  right  upon  our  Star- 
board, made  one  half  Turn  to  the  Southward,  in  order 
to  prefent  us  her  l^arboard,  and  gave  us  her  whole  Broad- 
fide,be  fides  Small- Arms,  while  we  continued  hailing  with- 
out Anfwer.  I  returned  immediately  a  Broadfide,  and  the 
Fight  lafted  two  Hours  and  a  Half  •,  after  which  fomc  of 
them  hailed  us  in  Englijh^  that  they  would  not  fire  any 
longer.  I  ordered  them  to  ftrike,  and  fent  my  Lieutenant 
on  board,  who  brought  me  the  Captain  of  the  Brigantine, 
and  his  Papers,  whereby  I  prefently  difcovered  it  to  be 
the  5/.  ir<}»m  Brigantine,  of  about  One  Hundred  and 
Twenty  Tons,  mounting  Ten  Guns,  and  four  Swivels, 
having  fixty  Men  on  board,  including  thirty  Soldiers  •, 
that  fhe  had  been  laden  at  ^ebec  with  Arms,  Ammu- 
nition, Cloathing,  and  Provifipns  for  thclndians, and  had 
been  fitted  out  to  convoy  the  Schooner  aforefaid,  which 
had  made  her  Efcape  during  the  Engagement,  and  was 
alfo  laden  with  the  like  F.ffeds. 

I  have  brought  the  Brigantine  to  this  Port,  where  (he 
has  been  condemned  by  a  Court  of  Admiralty,  for  carry- 
ing on  a  prohibited  Trade  :  Here  is  annexed  a  Copy  of 
the  Sentence  pronounced  by  the  faid  Court ;  your  Excel- 
lencies will  be  pleafed  to  perufe  it. 

We  had  two  Men  killed  and  one  wounded,  during  the 
Fight.  On  board  the  Brigantine  were  fix  killed,  and  feven 
wounded.  The  Commander  of  the  Brigantine,  faith  fhe 
is  a  King's  Ship  :  Though  he  has  no  Cqmmiffion  fropi 
the  Crown,  only  an  Order  from  the  Governor  of  Canada, 
to  command  the  faid  VefTel,  and  to  convoy  the  Schooner 
to  the  River  St.  John  i  where,  after  having  unladen  the 
Ammunition,  and  the  Prefents  deflined  for  the  Indians, 
(he  was  to  return  to  ^ekc,  thcr«  (0  bf  difarmcd. 

-     '     •       ^  *  —      1  muft 


r'rV .'-  TM-t-Ttjr;  - 


ffft^^tm.yi 


/• 


'ir 


iVn««*|lfte«Me»nMP*«1«|ipM 


m  IfiU  ^UIMMPVMMI 


ichflie  returned, 
n  for  her  Small- 
:  us.  We  hailed 
icm,  but  they  rc- 
junder  to  be  fired 
n  after  coming  up 
jht  upon  ourStar- 
uthward,  in  order 

her  whole  Broad- 
inued  hailing  with- 
Broadfide,  and  the 
fter  which  (omc  of 
vould  not  fire  any 
bnt  my  Lieutenant 
1  of  the  Brigantinc, 
ifcovered  it  to  be 
)nc  Hundred  and 

and  four  Swivels, 
r  thirty  Soldiers  j 
th  Arms,  Ammu- 
[ic  Indians  J  and  had 
cr  aforefaid,  which 
gagement,  and  was 

kis  Port,  where  (he 
imiralty,  for  carry- 
annexed  a  Copy  of 
:ourt  i  your  Execl- 

ounded,  during  the 
fix  killed,  and  fevcn 
Jrigantine,  fsuth  fhe 
o  Cqmmiflion  fropi 
jovernorof  Canadat 
Dnvoy  the  Stjhooner 
having  unladen  the 
ned  for  the  Indians^ 

b9  difarmcd. 

I  muft 


r    47    ) 


t:i*ff«*3lf«'»*;  »»(•'»■  -'* , 


**•■** 


I  muft  inform  your  Honors,  that  when  I  came  her6 
lall,  I  faw  his  Majcfty's  Frigate  the  Tryal  returning  from 
a  Cruize  in  Bay-Vert,  where,  upon  the  8th  of  Auguft  hPi, 
fhe  had  taken  a  French  Sloop  called  the  London,  from 
Canada,  La  Gras,  Mafter  ;  and  having  examined  his 
Papers,  found  that  the  Bufinefs  of  this  Vcird  was  to  carry 
Ammunition,  Provifions,  and  other  Goods  to  the  In" 
diansy  who  are  in  a  Province  belonging  to  his  Majefty  ; 
whereupon  the  Tryal  took  her,  and  brought  her  to  this 
Port,  where  fhe  was  condemned  by  his  Majefly's  Court 
of  Admiralty,  for  having  carried  on  an  illicit  Trade. 

NUMB.    IV. 

An  Extraft  of  a  Letter  written  by  M.  de  la  Jonquiere,' 
Governor  of  Canada,  to  Governor  Cornwallis,  of  Nova- 
Scotia  ;  dated  Quebec,  April  2,  1 750. 

TH  E  King  my  Mafler  is  already  acquainted  with 
the  Orders  which  I  have  given  to  the  feveral  Of- 
ficers that  were  lent  by  me  to  command  the  Forts  afore- 
faid •,  to  wit,  to  allow  nobody  to  fettle  near  them,  and 
even  to  oppofe  fuch  by  Force  of  Arms,  a;  would  offer  to 
moled  them,  after  my  Orders  were  made  known  to  them : 
However,  I  fliall  give  them  no  Orders  to  raife  any  Forti- 
fications, until  the  CommiiTioners,  who  are  undoubtedly 
nominated,  have  regulated  the  true  Boundaries  of  Nova- 
Scotia,  and  which  are  to  belong  to  New-France.  Thofe 
Limits  have  never  been  regulated,  fmce  you  acknowledge 
that  Commiffioners  are  nominated  for  that  Purpofe  ;  and 
that  is  the  very  Reafon  which  engages  me  to  fend  Troops 
to  keep  the  faid  Stations,  until  Matters  arc  adjufled  be~. 
tween  the  two  Crowns. 

I  hope  you  will  fcrioufly  obferve  this  Letter  which  I 
fend  you.  You  have,  no  Doubt,  acquainted  the  King  your 
Mafter,  ofall  tt^t  is  done  ;  and  as  you  have  given  me 
to  underfland,  that  you  will  do  your  Duty  whilft  you  arc 
waiting  for  his  Majefly's  Orders  \  I  alfo  give  you  Notice* 
thac  I  ihall  not  fail  to  do  mine.  .,,    ,,     ,. 

A  Rc- 


'I 


k 


:.iiHltmiii»tiM 


<itimit 


illiifll'ilitfU-  Tgjlii^ililil 


^■>l»P-\»tlM»   VWHW.. 


'•«^^fV>f!**IViiVPf9H1Bi 


'i: 


(  48   ) 

'"  A  Report  prevails  here,  that  Mr  Coram  has  arrcftcd 
M.  Girardy  the  Abbot,  wh)  is  the  Curate  of  Copeguit  \  I 
know  not  the  Reafons  for  fuch  a  Proceeding  ;  but  as  he 
is  a  Subjeft  of  the  King  my  Mafter,  I  defire  you  would 
fend  him  home  forthwith. 

A  Memorial,  containing  the  Ccmplaints  of  England, 
and  delivered  to  M.  the  Marquis  de  Puyzieulx,  the  ytb 
#/ July,  1750,  hy  my  Lord  Albemarle. 

BE  it  known,  that  thfi  Subfcriber  hereof,  an  Ambaflador 
Extraordinary,  and  Minifter  Plenipotentiary,  of  hij 
Majcfty  the  King  of  Great -Britain^  has  received  Orders 
from  the  King  his  Mafter,  dated  at  Hanover^  the  26ih  of 
lait  Month,  to  reprefcnt  to  the  Court  of  France^  the  ex- 
treme Sonpriac  his  Majefty  is  in,  to  learn  the  rafli  Pro- 
ceedings of  the  French  in  America,  under  the  Direction 
and  Authority  of  M.  de  la  Jonquiere,  who  has  made  no 
Scruple  to  avow  them. 

Governor  CornwalliSy  of  Nova-Scotiay  acquaints  the 
Duke  oi Bedford,  in  a  Letter  of  the  firft  of  May^  this  pre- 
fcntYear,  that  the  French  have  taken  Poffeflion  of  all  that 
Part  of  Nova-Scotia^  on  the  other  Side  of  the  Bay  of 
Fundi,*  from  the  River  Ci'/^«^^<?,  to  the  River  St.  Jobn^ 
fixing  the  firft  for  the  Limits  of  that  Province, 

'I  hey  have  reduced  Beaubafftn  to  Afhes,  and  tranfpor- 
ted  all  the  Inhabitants  and  their  EfFe^s  beyond  the  River  §, 
have  forced  them  to  take  up  Arms,  and  have  formed  them 
into  Companies  ;  fo  that  Mr.  Laccrne,  (a  French  Officer) 
has  there  a  Body  of  Two  Thoufand  Five  Hundred  Men, 
ccmpofcd  of  Regulars,  Canadians  and  Indians. 

'■-  Mr. 

•  How  eoulJ  tley  take  Poji/pen  thereof,  feting  ttt  Englifli  »w)»  them- 

filvet,  that  the  French  tjuere   Ptfeffors   of  it  ever  fince  the  Treaty  of 

Utrecht.    But  M.  de  la  Jopqaiere,  fent  a  Detachment  to  prevent ,  the 

Eng\\(h  from  executing  a  ProJeiJ  which  they  ihitnfelvet  had  formai  tt 

take  PoJJfjffion  thereof. 

5  By  Beaubaffin,  is  here  iinderftooJ,  a  French  Settlement  at  Chignec 
to,  itihuh  the  French   tuere  obliged  to  quit.    Setting  Fire  to  one's  ovt* 
Habitation,  upon  being  frightened  by  the  Nevit  of  an  Invafion  cannot  it 
talltd  committing  an  Ihfliiitj. 


<MmM0. 


mmn''m^mmmm 


Coram  has  arretted 
ate  of  Copeguit  \  I 
ceeding  ;  but  as  he 
"  dcfirt;  you  Would 


hints  of  England, 
Piiyzieulx,  the  pb 
He. 

eof,an  Ambafl*ddor 
nipotentiary,  of  his 
has  received  Orders 
anover^  the  26  th  of 

of  France^  the  ex- 
earn  the  rafli  Pro- 
inder  the   Diredlion 

Yfho  has  made  no 

cotiot  acquaints  the 
ftofAf^jy,  this  pre- 
PoflTcflion  of  all  that 
Side  of  the  Bay  of 
the  River  St.  John, 
Province, 

\(hes,  and  tranfpor* 
beyond  the  River  §, 
id  have  formed  them 
f,  (a  French  Officer) 
Five  Hundred  Men, 
1  Indians. 

Mr. 

•ng  the  Englifli  anion  thtm- 

ever  finct  tbt  Treaty  tf 

ttacbmeut  to  prevent  ,tbt 

ihemfilvet  had  farm: J  tt 

:h  Settlement  at  Chignec- 
Setting  Fire  to  tne^s  *<iv« 
t  of  an  IttvaJioH  canntt  h 


■"mmmmo 


C    49    ) 

Mv.Je  Uforne,  and  Father  Loutre,  (a  fVmift  Mifio^ 
nary)  have  often  threatened  the  Inhabrtants  of  that  Pro- 
vince, andasoftrnpromifcdtheiri  prefents,  in  order  to 
ptrluadc  them  to  leave  the  Country  f. 

The  Inhabitants  do  not  fcruplc  to  declare,  that  thofe 
Proceedings  are  contrary  to  their  Inclinations;  but  that 
Mefli-s.  Lacorne  and  Loutre^  threaten  to  fct  the  Indians 
on  to  murder  them,  if  they  tarry  in  the  Province. 

They  proteft  and  fupport,  in  open  View,  all  %\\ok  In- 
dians who  are  willing  to  fide  with  them,  although  our 
moft  inveterate  Enemies.  They  detain  the  Subjedls  of 
the  King  of  Great-Britain^^  make  his  Officers  and  Sol- 
diers Prifoners.  They  ftir  up  th;  French  Subjedls  of  his 
Majefty  to  ReWlioft,  and  threaten  to  cut  off  all  thofe 
who  remain  true.  They  fend  the  Indians,  who  are 
their  Slaves,  all  over  the  Province,  who  commit  all 
Manner  of  Cruelties. 

Yhey  have  fetFire  to  fome  Towns,  which  thev  them- 
felves  acknowlcge  were  belonging  to  his  Majefly* . 

Gorcrnor  Cornwa/lis  Tent  Major  Lawrence,  with  a 
Detachment  to  CbigneSto,  who  arrived  there  the  20th  of 
laftif/ri/j  they  faw  the  Town  of  ChigneEto  burnt  to 
Aflies,  the  French  Colours  planted  on  the  Bank,  and  Mr. 
lawrw  at  the  Head  of  his  Detachment,  daring  Major 
tattrence,  zvi^  declarinjg  he  would  defend  that  Country, 
to  the  very  laft,  as  a  Place  bclbnging  to  France. 

Mr.  Lacorne  having  dcfired  a  Conference  with  Majorjl 
Lawrence^  the  latter  weht  to  him,  accompanied   by  two 

W  Captains 

t  How  ihall  we  reconcile  the  leavine  oft  Country  which  is  boflef- 
fed  by  the  FrMc*,  with  an  Invafion  laid  to  their  Charge. 

S  The  Ambaflador  oioght  to  have  named  Tome  of  them.    But  that 
WMOMofhiePtwer.  " 

•  P"**'^  »«»  Town  in  the  Ifthmu, ,  all  that  were  burnt,  were 

^l^JSSSH'i^^'t  ^T  ^'^}  V  Chig^-^o,  to  which  the  InAans 
?  1  aw«n«n»e*,  whea  tkey  and  the  Frrf»f*  were  oUiced  to  flv  at 
the  Atuck  of  Governor  C«nn4;«//i/.  **  ^ 

•^T!.*]""-  ^^*  ***"  *»*  BtAntf9  be  at  that  Place,   which  wal 
p.flfefledbythefr#«*ttI«ifttUIth«?  '  **"'"  ^"^ 


'^jn.*uoKftak^ 


-rmmtm' 


•pwp* 


mmmn^mm 


I 


(     50     ) 

Captaihs,  and  having  aflced  faid  Lsetrne  by  what  Ordert 
he  thus  invaded  the  Tcriitoricsof  his  Majcfty  the  King  of 
Creah Britain^  and  there  committed  fuch  Outrages  ;  he 
anfwcred,  that  what  he  did  was  by  Virtue  of  the  Orders 
of  M.  d^t  la  Jonquiere^  who  had  commanded  him  to 
take  Polleflion  of  Cjfc/'^fftf^/i,  theRiver  5/.  7«/&«,  Marm- 
Coekf  Pitcodiack^  and  all  that  Part  .of  the  Country,  ai 
belonging  to  his  mod  Cbri/Hari  M  jefly  ^  and  would  at 
leall  keep  and  defend  itf,  until  the  Limits  were  fettled 
by  the  Commifponers  appointed  for  that  Furpofe. 

Although  the  Detachment  of  Regular  Troops,  com- 
manded by  Major  La-jarenee^  was  little  inferior  to  that 
which  M.  de  la  Cerne  headed,  ye?  th|  •  Orders  of  hb 
Majefty,  detained  him  from  committing  any  A£l  of  Ho- 
ftility. 

His  Majefty  car  not  imagine  that  the  Court  of  Franct 
has  any  Knowledge  of  fuch  Outrages,  nay,  he  is  fo  con* 
vinced  of  the  Equity  of  his  moft  Chfiftian  Majefty,  and 
of  his  Defire  to  maintain  a  good  Underftanding  between 
thie  two  Crowns,  that  he  will  make  no  Scruple  to  difap* 
prove  of  them. 

Governor  Cornwallis  never  had  the  leaft  Intention  to 
form  any  Settlements  beyond  the  Limits  of  the  Peninjula^ 
or  in  fuch  Parts  oi  the  Country,  as  France  did  not  look 
upon  to  belong  to  him  %  .  nor  was  it  ever  the  DcHgn  of 
his  Majefty  in  fettling  his  Province  of  Nova-Scotit^  to 
encroach  upon  the  Rights  of  his  moft  Chrifti  an  Mjcfly, 

or 

:.      ^ 

t  Keeping  and  defending,  cannot  be  called  an  invading  {   tkat 
true. 

*  How  came  it  to  paf*  that  thofe  very  Orders  did  not  keep  hin 
from  advancing  (o  far  with  hi*  Troops  ?  He  acknowledeea  that  (lit 
Detachment  ot  M.  Ji  ia  Cmrni,  wai  faperior  to  hit ;  that  Detachment 
was,  no  Doubt,  «  Difappointment  to  his  DefigDs  ;  it  wai  therefon 
very  well  done  in  the  Marqaia  it  la  y&fui*ri,  to  And  Troop*  t*  op 
fofe  the  Tnvaiion. 

^  That  is  pofltive,  and  thtfir//^  acknowledge  it  themfelvtii 
kaft  they  had  no  Liberty  to  form  Scheme*  in  the  Continent,  befor 
1^  DeierBunatioR  i&ade  by  C«niaii0ioain.    BiK  did  Mwy  wait, 
then? 


•> 


••<* 


mmm 


'««ffPWV*<***'^^ 


yj 


e  by  what  Orden 
lajcfty  thcKingof 
ch  Outrages  ;  he 
tue  of  the  Orders 
nmanded  him  to 
St.  Jobn^  Marem- 

the  Country,    as 
and  would  at 

jmits  were  fettled 
lat  Furpofe. 
ar  Troops,  com- 
:le  inferior  to  that 
■i^  •  Orders  of  his 
ig  any  Aft  of  Ho. 

Court  of  Franci 

nay,  he  is  fo  con- 

IliaH  Majefty,   and 

lerftanding  between 

lo  Scruple  to  difap' 

:leaft  Intention  to 
ts  of  the  PeninJuUS 
'ranee  did  not  look 
t  ever  the  Defign  of 
»f  Nova-Scotitj  to 
ft  Cbrifii  an  Mjefly, 
or 

id  an  invading  j  tkat  i^ 

rderi  did  not  keep  hia 
acknowIedgM  that  tin 
to  hit  i  that  Detachmeat 
efigns  i  it  wai  thcrefori 
,  to  And  Troop*  t*  op 

wtedge  it  themfelvcn  t 

n  the  Continent,  befor 

Bjrtdid  iIk/  wut 


(     5»     )  '       ' 

•r  to  take  ronTcflion  by  Force  of  Arms  of  any  Country, 
whofe  Right  and  i'roperty  his  Majefty  had  betorc  agreed   ' 
fhould  be  determined  by  Lommiflioricrs   nominarcd  for 
that  Purpofe,  until  the  Regnlation  ot  the  Limits  be  effec- 
tually decided. 

The  Ambaffador  is  ordered  to  require  a  Difapproba- 
tion  of  M.  de  la  Jonqutere's  Condudt  •,  and  that  pofitive 
Orders  be  fcnt  him  forthwith  to  withdraw  his  1  roops, 
as  alfo  the /«<//<z»j  who  arc  under  his  Command,  from 
ofFthofe  Places  belonging  to  Great -Britain  i  thac  Satis- 
faflion  be  given  for  Injuries  committed,  and  for  tho 
Wrongs  vhich  the  Subjcdls  of  his  M  ajefty  have  fuffered. 
His  Majefty  is  fully  perfwaded,  that  the  Court  of  France 
will  readily  confefit  to  deliver  the  faid  AmbaiTador,  a  Du- 
plicate ot  whatever  Orders  may  be  fent  to  the  Governor 
of  Canada^  that  he  may  fend  it  to  his  Court.  Cempeigne, 
|hc  Seventh  of  Julj,  1 750. 

Signed,     Albemarlb.    * 

!^  Lbttek  from  the  Marquis  de  Puyziculx,  to  my  Lord, 
Albemarle,  as  a  preliminary  ylnfwer  to  the  Complaints 
aforementioned^  until  his  Mc/i  Chriftian  Majefty  fhould- 
receive  from  Canada,  an  exa£l  Account  of  tb»  Faffs 

'  wbicb  had  occajioned  them.  «    - 

Cemptigntj  funt  23,  1 7  50. 
.Sir, 

TH  E  Memorial  which  your  5*c;el'cncy  fcnt  me,  concern- 
ing the  Complaints  made  by  Governor  Cornwallisj  of  Na-: 
vo'Scetiat  contains  feveral  FaiSts,  Co  contrary  to  that  liquitv 
which  is  due  to  his  Majefty,  and  to  the  Inftrudlions  which  M. 
it  la  Jenquitrt  has  received^  that  if  they  arc  fuch  as  the  Memo- 
rial reprefents  them  t0bei  the  King  will  order  that  Satisfa£)ion 
be  made  to  the  Subiedis  of  hi^  brita>ifiic  Majefty,  and  will  fen(| 
new  InftruAions,  '  in  Order  to  prevent  all  Manner  of  Difputea 
between  the  two  N.ationsi,  not  doubfinc:,  his  Britannic  Majefty 
will  give  the  like  Orders  on  his  Part.  Permit  me,  Sir,  to  tell 
you,  that  I  cannot  help  thinking  the  Declaration  of  the  Fa£li  ii 
rnuch  exaggarated  ;  and  as  I  know  M.dtla  Jonquiertt  is  a  Gen- 
tleman of  Wifdonij  and  know  alfo  his  InllruAien^  I  am  forr^ 


K 

ri 


.     ,U.h 


■««■ 


iimiM.ii.      I 


lip 


i^ 


(     5.    ) 

Governor  Camuxillh  did  not  ipply  to  him,  before  he  fent  Com- 
plaint! to  hi»  Court  I  1  fcnt  immediately  your  Memorial  to  M. 
Rtuille,  defiring  him  to  enquire  with  all  Speed,  how  Aff»iri 
•  were  tranliidcd  in  CannJa,  and  to  let  mc  know  them,  that  j 
may  be  able  toanfwcr  your  Excellency  in  a  more  pofuivc  Mau- 
Ujf,  1  have  iht  llonuur  to  />/,  iJc. 

Signed,    PuvzIEULX. 

P.  a.  Perhaps  Governor  Cornwallii  may  have  formed  Sitle- 
mcrits  on  lomo  Lauda  contended  lor,  oi  on  the  King's  Territo- 
lies. 

^  Letttr  fent  by  M.  Rouille  to   M.  dc  la  Jonquiere, 
4  Copy  ofwbicb  was  Jent  on  the  ijjtb  ef  July,   1750, 
.    to  my  Lord  Aluciiuric, 

VerfailUs^  July'lht  nthf  1 7  50. 
S   I    R, 

I  Send  you  the  Copy  of  a  Memorial  directed  to  the  Marauls  4i 
Puyzituhy  from  the  AmbaiFador  of  Gnat-Britain  \  \yheretA 
you  wi|l  fee  the  Complaini>  made  by  the  Britijh  Court,  con- 
cerning certain  TraniatSions  on  the  Frontiers  of  Canada  and 
yeva-Seotia  :  If  any  of  the  Frrnch  Inhabitants  in  thofc  Parts,  be 

fuilty  of  the  Outiages  there  complained  of,  they  would  deferve 
unifhment,  and  the  King  would  make  an  Example  of  them. 
His  Majcfty  therefore  defires  you  would  fend  me,  by  the  6rft 
Oppartu{iity,  a  faithfuj  and  true  Account  of  the  Fa<3s,  that  \ 
may  acquaint  him  with  the  Particulars  thereof. 

The  King  alfo  commands  mc  to  put  you  In  Mind  of  the  fcve- 
ral  Orders  which  his  Majefty  has  already  given  you,  concern? 
ing  the  Manner  in  which  you  are  to  condu<^   yourfelf  towards 
the  Englijh^  efpecially  in  every. Thing  th^t  regards  the  Limits  <4 
the  refpe£live  Colonies,  till  they  are  regulated  i    in   fupportiiig 
his  juft  Rights  againft  every  Attempt  wbich  might  tend   to  in- 
vade ibem:  You  are  alfa  to  attempt  nothing  agaiiilt  the  Right* 
ofthe£n^/f^,  but  to  treat  theminfucha  reipe£lful  Manner, 
as  may  be  confident  with  the  Honour  of  the  Nation,    and  the 
I'refervation  of  iu  PofTeiTions  i  you  are  alfo  to  take  Care  tha^ 
thofe  Officers,  who  fliall  be  fent  by  you,  from  Time  to  Time, 
tQ  fuch  Block-Houfes  as  s^rc  adjacent  to  the  Engli_ffx  Colonies^ 
behave  likewife  in  the  fame  Manner  :  In  a  Word,  prevent  evera 
Tiling  which  might  occafion  any  juft  Caufe  of  Complaint  againft 

you.     His  Britannic  Majefty,  as  I  have  already  acquainted  you, 
Hias  prefcribed  to  the  Governors  of  his  Colonies,  the  like  Conr 

^n^  refpeding  you,    T^cr^  is  Reafon  to  hope  that  4II  Things 


i&" 


\» , 


tefore  he  Tent  Com* 
ur  Memorial  to  M. 
pccil,  hdW  Affairs 
iDow  them,  that  { 
more  pofuivc  Man- 

fd,     PUYZIEULX. 

y  have  formed  Sttlc- 
thc  King's  Territo- 


r.  dc  la  Jonquierc, 
6  </  July,  1750, 

\ly%i  llthf  1750. 

:cd  to  the  Marauls  4i 
iat-Brltain  \  wherein 
Britijh  Court,  con- 
tiers  of  Canada  and 
n\i  in  thofc  Parts»  be 
',  they  would  deferve 
1  Example  of  them. 
nd  me,  by  the  firft 
of  the  Fads,  that  I 
reof. 

J  m  Mind  of  the  feve- 
given  you,  concernr 
)i&.   yourfelf  towards 
regards  the  Limits  o{ 
lated  i    in   fupportiiig 
;h  might  t^ind  to  in- 
ng  aj^aiuit  the  Right* 
a  re(pe£lful  Manner, 
the  Nation,    and  the 
b  to  take  Care  tha^ 
from  Tio;>e  to  Time, 
the  Englijf).  Colonies^ 
I  Word,  prevent  everv 
fe  of  Complaint  againlt 
Iready  acquainted  you, 
lonies,  the  like  Con- 
I  hope  that  9II  Things 


'"^pm*"" 


(     53     )      /  ■         ' 

will  be  carried  on  between  both  Tartict,  in  a  Maneer  igreeaM* 
10  the  Views  of  their  Maiellics,  for  the  Support  of  the  Unioa 
of  both  Nations.  Once  more,  his  M.iic(ly  charges  ywuto  uo- 
dtrtakc  nothing  thutmi'^ht  caul'c  any  iSifordor,^ 

/  arrij    l^c 

Signed,  Rouir.Lf. 

A  Memorial  in  Arifwr  to  the  Complaints  made  by 
Enjilandt  and  fcnt  the  i5ih  of  September^  to  my  Lord 
AlhmarU*, 

Cr^'iyO  tlJintial  Ohffrvat'tons  have  been  viade  in  tht  Jnjiu/r  ti 
•*  thi  Mtmoriat  ftnt  by  the  Earl  1/ Albemailc  to  tht  AJarauii  d« 
Puyzieulx,  cancerning  tht  Complaints  of  Govtrnor  Cornwallis,  of 
Nova-Scutia. 

ift.  That  it  is  not  rtafonnhtt.,  that  thofe  Outragts,  ivhich  tht  JhiJ 
Governor  imputts  to  tht  French  Officers,  Jhould  be  left  to  his  Decld^ 
ration  only,  that  his  Mnjejly  would  ^H  an  Jaount  of  what  had 
fajfed  \  and  if  the  Fa^s  he  complained  of  tutri  founded  on  Rtafoit^ 
bis  Majifiy  would  not  hefitatt  topunijh  them  accordingly. 

ad,  That  his  Mujejly  was  about  renewing  his  Orders  to  tht  Mdr* 
fuis  de  la  Jonquiere,  on  tht  chief  Subjeil  relating  to  Limits  in  tht 
moji  pofttivt  Terms,  that  the  French  within  his  Government,  Jhottli 
have  in  a  Manner  agreeablt  to  that  good  Correfpondtnct  exi/fing  bi- 
iween  tht  two  Nations,  and  to  the  Intentions  of  his  Maftjlv,  fo¥ 
ftrengthtning  thereof;  being  confident  that  his  Britannic  Majejtj 
1/uould  givt  the  like  Orders  to  the  Governors  of  hit  Caloniesi  to  ail 
according  to  the  fame  principles. 

IVe  have  not  yet  been  able  to  knotv  certainly,  whether  hif  Majtji^ 
fent  any  Orders :  However,  by  Letters  from  the  Marauis  de  la  Jon- 
quiere, and-M.  Delherblcfs,  Commander  o/"  Cape-Breton,  ivhiA 
are  juji  come  to  Hand,  wt  art  now  enabled  to  convince  the  finglitll 
Afinijiry,  that  tht  two  forementioned  Obfervations  wtrt  well groUntlr 
td.  Governor  Cornwallis  began  in  the  Month  of  March  ti  raifk 
(onftderable  Forces^  and  ftnt  even  to  Bofton  to  dtmand  Mititairy  SlU^ 
tours  from  that  Colony,  to  that  End. 

Towards  tht  latter  £«</a/ Auguft,  fivtr)alTro6ps,  andfivti  TtOt 
PiettSy  undtr  tht  Command  of  major  LAwrence,  ivert  piit  tH'ihiyM 
fevtral  Vtjftlst  imdtr  Convoy  of  tht  Albany  Frigate  of  I'i  Gult,  im 
trdtr  toctflack  M.  delaOorne,  Captain  of  tht  Can^dikn  Tr^St^i^ 
in  tht  Pojis  which  ht  pojftffti,  and  to  make  himfelf  Majttr  if  them  \ 
alfo  to  force  the?  tench  Inhabitants  and  tht  Indiansr,   i$  fuMt 


whattvtr  Conditions  h$  thought  prof  tr  to  lay  in  thtih. 


A^ 


*.i 


1 


i-^ 


*  £xa£l  News  of  what  h;kd  paiTed  in  Amtrica,  ha4  d^DbwtttMceWed, 


'*-' 


-j_ij|.^jft^  " 


■  MSl'l  -  .U^iW ' .". J-fJffB*???^ 


li^lWlWIPIIWI  Mipiliw^- 


ll'«  I 


y 


(    54    ) 

Tt)e  fitting  out  of  tb$feTraopSy  as  alfo  tht  Tlireats  of  Governsf 
Cornwallis,  who  made  no  Myjietyef  his  Proje£ls.,  exajperafed  tht 
Indians,  and  alarmed  the  Inhabitants^  ev(n  of  feme  Pat  ts  o/"  Acadia, 
who,  terrified  ifllghe  Attempts  and  Fropofals  of  that  Government^ 
and  feeing  the  VV^els  at  AnJ>ir  in  an  Harbour  belonpng  to  the  French 
Bay,  called  Le  Grand  Marins^ouin,  or  great  Muflcetto  Harbour  ; 
and  one  of  the  rej/cis  making  toivards  Bcm-haHlny  the  Inhabitant^ 
tfthct  Place  betook  thcmfehes  to  Flight,  and  the  Indians  immediatelf 
Jit  it  en  Fire.     7his  huppemd  iviay  tloe  Second. 

The  fame  Day,  Major  Lawrence,  landed  his  Englifti  Trocps  on 
the  Continent,  upon  a  Point  of  Land  called  Benu-kjour.  The  Cap- 
tain of  that  Place  having  zt/ith  him  a  white  Flag,  fpoke  to  them,  and 
gave  them  to  under/land,  thai  ihoje  Lands  belonged  to  France,  and 
that  his  Orders  were  to  bid  them  depart, 

frhereupon  the  English  deftred  to  ffeak  with  the  French  General 
Af.  de  Lacorne  having  had  Intelligence  of  the.  -  Alarch,  alfo  camt 
thtre^  deftring  himfelf,  to  have  a  Conference  wiih  the  Englifll  Gene- 
ral. After  fome  jhort  Difcourfe  betzveeh'the  Subalterns,  Major 
Lawrence  agreed  to  the  Conferencey  and  M.  de  la  Corne  met  him 
half  Way. 

The  Englifli  Cornmander  told  M.  la  Corne,  ih(it  he  wasfurpriz- 
$4  at  their  Jetting  Fire  to  Bcau-baffin,  and  to  find  the  French  en 
Engliih  Territories  j  that  General  CotnwaW'is  had  given  him  Orden 
ta  bid  him  withdraw ;  that  it  luas  contrary  to  the  Law. of  Nations  ; 
md  contrary  to  fujiice,  to  take  Pojfejfion  ofthofe  Territoriesy  andtt 
tnceuragt  the  Indians  to  a  War  againjl  the  Englifh. 

Tke  F rencli  General  anftvered  Major  Liwrence,  that  he  aught 
n$t  to  be  furprixed  to  find  him  in  the  Forts  which  he  poJMed  ;  and 
that  M  de  ]<(  Jonquiere  had  acquciinttd  Governor  Cornwallis 
thereof,  before  ;  that  it  was  without  any  Foundation  he  repoached 
him  with  the  Commotions  of  the  Acadians,  that  he  had  no  Part  there- 
»«,  nor  in  Jetting  Bcau-baffin  on  Fire,  that  the  Indians  were  the  file 
jfuthors  thereof;  moreover,  that  his  Orders  were  to  allow  no  Englifli 
to.maieany  Dtfcent  upon  that  Coajl,  which  belonged  to  France,  and 
tt  repel  Force  by  Force.  Hereupon,  the  two  Commanders  parted,  and 
Major  Lawrence  made  a  Signal  for  bis  Troops  to  etnbark,  whicH 
9fas  immediately  done. 

This  is  a  particular  Account  of  what  happened  in  that  Adventure, 
inCpnfequsnct  of  which.  Governor  Cornwallis  thought  proper  to  be 
thefirji  in  fending  Contplaints  ;  what  he  faid  himfelf  as  to  the  Mar cH 
tf  his  Troops,  is  right;  but  from  thence  it  follows,  that  the  French 
did  not  enter  the  Peninfula  «;  Acad  i  a,  as  was  fet  forth  ;  they  had  hi 
Hand  in  the  Outrages  committed  by  the  Indians,  nor  in  the  Commo- 
4ions  of  the  Acadians  j  it  is  therefor*  with  the  grtateji  Inju/lice  that 

Gtvernir 


Govet 
his  en 
What 
welli 

Th 
andtl. 
Hew- 
Part. 

Th 
Lend 
ration 
in  the. 

Aa 
wallii 
Inhab 
whoa 

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in  tht 
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quier 
td,  it 

Th 
thath 
more 
forth 
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ties  01 


nijlto 
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mate 
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ampli 
fuch , 
pendt 
theyt 
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vern 
Ma) 
fP 
quie 
£xd 
who 
vina 


-  mffm  wiW^'T'yB" 


■""  t?^W  W"  ■iP'ft'^iV^^ 


Tfjreats  of  Govti'Htf 
ojeSiSt  exafperated  iht 
ffome  Parts «/"  Acadia, 

of  that  Government^ 
■  bilonring  to  the  French 
It  Muflcetto  Harbour  ; 
bafliii,  fhc  Inhabitant^ 
the  Indians  immediatelj 
}iid. 

I  his  Englifti  Trocps  on 
ieau-fcjour.  TheCap- 
"lag,  /poke  to  them,  and 
id'jp.gcd  to  France,  ani 

ith  the  French  General. 
hv. "  Alarch,  alfo  canu 
tvith  the  Englifti  Gene' 
the  Subalterns  f  Major 
'.  dc  la  Come  met  him 

le,  ih(it  he  wasfurpriz- 
to  find  the  French  on 
His  had  given  him  Or  den 
to  the  Law  .of  Nations  ; 
tbofe  TerriteritSy  andtt 
Englifh. 

vrence,  that  he  aught 
'juhich  he  poffefjed  \  mi 
'  Governor  Corn  Willis 
foundation  be  repoached 
hat  he  had  n»  Part  there- 
ihe  Indians  were  thefole 
were  to  allow  no  Englifli 
belonged  to  Frznce,  and 
Commanders  parted,  and 
'oops  to  embark,    which 

bened  in  that  Adventure, 
^llis  thought  proper  to  be 
d  himfelf  as  to  the  MarcS 
'allows,  that  the  French 
7S  fetforti ;  they  bad  nt 
ins,  nor  in  the  Commo- 
tht  greateji  Injuftice  that 
Gevermr 


f 


(    55    ) 

Goviruor  Cornwall  is  attributes  the  Caufes  thefeoj^,  to  the  French  ; 
his  own  CunduSl  totvards  tbofe  People,  being  the  Jole  Occajian  thereof. 
What  is  here  advanced,  concerning  the  Condu£i  of  that  Governor,  is 
well  known,  having  been  puUickly  related  at  London. 

The  Preparations  which  thefaid  Governor  was  making  for  JVar^ 
gnd  the  Occafwn  thereof ,  were  inferted  in  the  Gazette  at  Bo&on,  in 
New-England,  and  were  looked  upon  as  an  A61  of  Hojiility  on  his 
Part. 

The  xdth  oflafl  Auguft,  Letters  from  Halifax  were  printed  in 
London,  containing,  not  only  a  particular  Account  of  all  the  Prepa- 
rations of  that  Expedition,  but  alfo  an  Affair  which  hadpreceededit, 
inthe Peninfula  aforjfaid,  between  /Af Englifli Trco^j <7«rf//>;lndians. 

According  to  the  Tejlimonies  of  tbofe  very  Letters,  Governor  Corn- 
wallis  a^ed  againji  thofe  Indians,  as  in  a  Time  of  open  War,  The 
Inhabitants  of  his  own  Government,  and  even  theje  French  themfelves 
who  are  the  King'4  Subje£is,  were  no  better  ufed. 

We  have  Account:  from  elfewhere,  that  it  was  currently  reported 
in  that  Country,  that  the  fame  Governor  had  laid  a  Scheme  for  othtr 
Attempts,  and  bv  a  Letter  which  he  wrote  to  the  Marquis  de  la  Jon- 
^uiere,  dated  the  yh  of  May,  0.  S.  a  Copy  of  which  is  here  annex- 
id,  it  is  apparent  how  little  he  was  inclined  to  a  Peace, 

TheKinghas  Reafon  to  hope  for  Jujlicifrom  his  Britannic  Majejty^ 
that  he  will  give  Governor  Cornwallis  Orders  to  obferve  a  Cendu£i 
more  moderate,  and  more  agreeale  to  the  Intentions  of  the  two  Courts^ 
for  the  Efiablijhment  of  Peace,  and  that  he  will  not  allow  the  faid 
Governor  to  take  Meafures  fo  contrary  to  thf  Stipulations  of  the  Trea- 
ties of  Utrecht  and  Aix-Ia-Chapelle,  and  to  the  Deftgn  oftbatCom- 
mijjion  which  is  fettled  at  Paris. 

The  King  ispleaftdto  repeat  here,  that  Jhould  any  of  his  Officers 
make  any  Attempt  of  that  Kind,  when  there  is  to  NeceJJity  to  repel 
Force  by  Force,  his  Majejly  would  not  hejitate  to  make  apublick  Ex- 
ample ofthenfi^  He  has  renewed  his  Orders  to  them  on  that  Head,  in 
fuch  a  Manner,  that  they  will  not  infringe  them :  It  may  be  alfo  de- 
pended upon^  that  in  their  Correfpondence  with  the  Britifti  Officers^ 
they  will  never  make  Ufe  of  fuch  Declamations  as  could  not  be  approv- 
ed of,  even  inthe  fmartefl  War.  The  Stile  of  the  Letter  which  G»- 
verner  Cornwallis  ftnt  to  M.  de  la  Jonquiere,  dated  Halifax* 
May  the  ^th,  O.  S.  we  leave  to  his  Maje/iy  to  judge  of. 

We Jhall conclude  with  this  Obfervation  :  WhenM..  de  la  ]on- 
Kmiert:.had  received  Orders  from  his  mofi  Chriftian  Majefiy,  for  an 
Exchange  ofPrifoners  laft  Winter,  he  lent,  without  Delay,  all  thofe 
who  were  tn  his  Cuflody,  to  an  Englifh  Officer  belonging  to  the  Pro- 
vince o/'New-York. ;  and  gave  the  JlriSlefl  Orders  throughout  his 
^fvtrnmentj  thai  the  readiejl  Metheds  mi^ht  be  tickenftr  theRtuimp- 


■# 


■  im  pijii  :f»mm 


C   56   ) 

fmef/uckhngy^  Pri/onersas  were  in  the  Cujiody  of  the  Indian 
Nations.    .TMshedidy  without  waiting  for  Seturities^  which  he  had\ 
m  Right  /  dtm«ndfrem  the  |£ng|iih  Governors.    By  this  the  Engliih 
JUitt^ry  may  feet  the  good  Difpofitions  of  the  French  Governor.,  as\ 
fdfo  what  Orders  mere  given  birnj  relating  to  every  Thing  that  might  I 
itnd  to  a  Union  between  the  two  Nations.  . 

The  Engliib  Govtrmrs^  'tis  to  be  hopedy  have  been  as  diligent  and 
faithful  intending  Home  the  French  Prtfoners ;  the  EnRlifli  Courts 
no  Doubt,  will  be  ready,,  whatever  happens,  to  renew  Weir  Orders ! 
U  their  faidGovernorSt  to  prevent  all  future  Complaints  en  that  Head. 

NUMB.     V. 
'^n  Extract  of  the  Examination  of  four  Englifti  fra- 
'    ders,  who  were  arrefiedon  the  Territories  of  Franccf. 

ON  the  19th  Day  of  June,  1751,  i^  the  Forenoon, 
Ixfore  us  the  Marquis  de  la  Jonqutere,    Knight  of 
the  Eoyal  and  Military  Order  of  Saint  Lewis,  Adnftiral, 
and  Lieutenant  Governor  of  all  New -France,  JJleRoyak, 
and  the  Territories  of  Louijianna  \  as  alfo  in  the  Prefencc 
pf  Baron  de  Lonqueil,  Governor  of  the  City  and  Province 
joi Montreal,  and  Mr.  Varin,  a  Direftor  of  Affairs  in 
,ihe  City  aforefaid,  at  a  touncil  held  in  the  Cattle  of 
VfiudreuiU  the  Place  of  our  Abode,  in  A/(?«/r^<?/ aforefaid. 
Perfonally  appeared  four  Engli/hmen,  C^c.  having  with 
'  us  Daniel  Jefepb  Maddox,  an  Englifh  Interpreter,  duly 
(worn,  and  in  the  King's  Pay,  to  ferve  us  in  the  laid 
jQuaiity,  to  interpret  whatever  Queftions  and  Anfwcrs 
■lijiglit  ti  made  between  us  and  the  Englijkmen  afprefavd, 
..who  we  examined  feparately,  as  follows  :    , 

Oat  of  the  four  appearing  ;  we  gave  him  to  under- 
'-ftand,  by  the  Interpretation  of  faid  Maddox,  i)x)!L  ht 
niiuft  .be  qualified  to  anfwer  us  truly,  whatever  Qudlibns 
"^"^c  fl^ould  alk  him  ;  to  which  he  readily  screed,  ^hd 
laying  his  Hand  upon  his  Breaft,  according  to,  the  Ls^ws 
,And  CMlioms  of  <jr<4/>Br//o/»,  he  in  that  Manner  pro- 
nufiKi  and  fwore,  that  he  would  tell  us  the  Xriith.. 

"^  We 

t  Tlofe  Examinations ittill prove,  thatEngWIhTradirt  could  ohhiji 
esiietnce from  the  Goverkor  of  Pcnnfylvania,    in  order    ti'troditn 
.^tnachSerritories,   and  that  he.had  a  Spy,  inbofit  £ujhtefi  it  *iiUU  to 
[pvePr^tntt  to  Iwixxci  there  refidLug,  to  fir  them  up  to  War. 


iia/  ::■   '-".s 


..,^!»^«iiik.wr:'<^<Mli«i£%<> 


kdy  of  the  Indian  I 
rities^  tuhith  he  had\ 
BythistheEngWihl 
ench  Governor^  as 
•y  Thing  that  might 

t  been  as  diligent  and 
the  EnKlifli  Courts 
renew  weir  Orders 

ilaints  on  that  Head. 


our  Englifti  ^rd- 
r/«  of  Franccf. 
ip  the  Forenoon, 
ieref    Knight  of| 
Lewis,  Adnftiral, 
'ancCj  IJle  RoyaU,  I 
fo  in  the  Prefencc ' 
Zity  and  Province 
or  of  Affairs  in 
in  the  Cattle  of  I 
'/(?«/r^<?/aforcfaid. 
Cjff .  having  with 
Interpreter,  duly 
:  us  in  the  laid 
ns  and  Anfwers 
liflomen  afprefavd, 

;  him  to  under- 
^addox,  that  he 
hatevcr  C^tftibns 
lily  f^rejcd,  ^hd 
di.ngto,  the  L^ws 
that  Manner  pro- 
theT^uthl 

We 

\TrM/ert  cttild  0Hai» 
•n  iriir    to'trmditn 
If  iufintfi  it  <Hi«/ 
tm  up  t»  War. 


mtir»- 


Tradci 
ladelph 


C    57    ) 

We  required  of  him  to  Cell  us  his  Name,  Sir-Name^ 
Age  and  Profcflion,  as  alfo  where  he  was  born,  the  Place 
ot  his  Refldence,  and  in  what  Kingdom  or  Government; 

To  all  vhich  he  anfwered,  that  his  Name  was  Lukt  Aroi 
wtfiy  aged  Twenty-eight  Years,  that  he  was  a  travelling 
Trader;  an  Irijhman  by  Birth,  and  an  Inhabitant  of  Phi' 
ladelphiai  \n  the  Province  of  Pennjyhania, 

^eft.  ifty  Being  afked  how  long  he  had  left  Pennfyh 
vaniOy  where  he  had  been  fince,  and  how  far  he  propofed 
to  travel  ?  He  anfwered,  that  he  did  not  pofitivcly  re- 
member the  Day  of  his  Departure,  but  it  was  in  jiuguji 
laft }  that  he  went  flraight  way  to  a  Village  belonging  to 
the  Shawanefe^  on  the  Ohio. 

i^efi.  idy  Being  aflced  in  whofe  Company  he  was  when 
he  left  PennfylvanuU  and  what  was  his  Defign,  ISc  ?  He 
anfWered,  that  he  was  in  Company  with  two  EngUjh  Tra- 
ders, and  fix  Servants  of  the  fame  Nation,  and  that  his 
Defign  was  to  Trade  among  the  Indians^  having  for  that 
Purpofcj  Goods  that  fuitcd  them,  which  they  propofed  to 
fell  foow,  in  order  to  return  home  laden  with  Skins.  That 
James  Hamilton^  Efq;  Governor  of  Pennfyhanioy  had 
granted  him  a  printed  Licence  to  trade  every  where,  with 
all  friendly  Indians  in  ger:ral,  for  which  he  had  paid  the 
faid  Governor,  the  Sum  of  Fifty  Shillings^  &c. 

^eft.  3<i,  Being  aflced,  whether  he  had  not  fold  the 
Goiods  dforefaid,  to  thofe  Indians  who  are  fettled  on  the 
Obioi,  Reek-River^  and  round  about  there,  at  a  low  Rate, 
endeavouring  toperfuadethem,  that  his  Goods  were  muCh 
cheaper  and  better  than  thofe  fold  by  the  French,  and 
how  long  he  had  been  in  that  Trade  with  them  ?  He  an- 
fwered ^  that  he  had  fold  his  Goods  to  thofe  Indians  who 
are  fettled  •  on  the  Ohio,  Rock-River,  and  wherever  he 
could  fee  them,  and  that  he  had  fold  them  very  cheap,  ia 
Exchange  for  their  Skins  i  but  that  he  had  never  under- 
valued the  French  Goods,  but  the  Indians  themfelvet 
made  a  vaft  Difference  between  them. 

^eji.  4tb,  Being  afked,  if  it  was  not  true  t^at  fome 
Years  before,  as  well  as  this,  he  had,  b/  ^ 


I'jpp"' 


I, 


4t 


f?;i 


(     «8     ) 

Governor  of  Pennjylvania^  and  at  the  Ex  pence  of  t'i;iC 
Province,    carried    MeHages,  Wampum,    Englip  Duck 
for  Tents,  and  Hatchets  to  the-  faid  Indians ^  as  alibctjiv 
iidcrablc  Prtfcnts,  and  Ambundanceof  Rum,  ip  oni.i  to 
induce  them  to  acknowledge  no  other  than  the  Kh;^hi!\ 
and  to  animate  them  againft  the  French^    and  to  engage 
fhem  to  deftroy  the  F^encb^  promifing  them  for  that  I'ur- 
pofc,   a  Sum   of  Money  for  every  Frencb  Scalp  ?  If  he 
could  not  fpeak  the  5*flzy<?«<f/<r  Language,  or  any  of  the 
Languages  fpoken  by  the  Indians  who  are  fettled  on  Ri- 
ver Blanch,  or  elfe where ;  and   i(  the  faid  Governor  had 
notfenthim  on  that  Account  to   the  River  Ohio,  Rock- 
River,  and  to  oxher   Parts,  in  order   to  accompliOa  his 
Views  ?  He  anfwered,    that   he  had  carried  Wampum, 
Hatchets  and  Rum,  inordtr  to  trade  with  thofe  Indians  ; 
but  that  from  or  by  Order  of  the  Governor,  he  had  never 
carried  them  either  Meffages  or  any  Thing  elfe  ;  that  the 
Governor  employed  for  that  Purpofe,  one  George  Croghan, 
a  Trader,  whom  he  fent  with   all   his  Meffages  to  thofe 
Indians,  and  who  had  continually  a  Nativeof  Canada  with 
him,  named  Andrew  Montour,  (as  he  had  been  informed) 
who  under ftood   the  Indian  Languages   pcrfedlly   well  ; 
that  he  could  not  tell  whether  the  laid  Croghan  was  then  at 
that  Tim?  among  thofe  Indians,  but  he  knew  he  had  Or- 
ders from  the  Governor  to  depart  foon  after  him,  in  Qua- 
lity of  an  Exprefs  to  the  Miamis  Indians,  and  to  fevtral 
other  Nations,  and  that  for  the  following  Reafon,  to  wit; 
*  The  Miamis  Indiaps  aforefaid,  came  the  laft  Spring  to 
pay  the  faid  Croghan  a  Vifit  at  Vejkak,   or   Oghwick, 
(where  he  and  fixtecn  other  Traders  are  fettled)  to  intreat 
him  to  receive  them  j  whereupon  the  faid  Montour  went 
to  thofe  Indians,  to  affure  them,  in  the  Name  of  the  faid 
Governor,  that  the  Engli/h  would  receive  them  well ;  but 
he  could  not  tell  if  the  Governor  had  given  Orders  to  ftir 
up  thofe  Nations  to  deftroy  the  Frencb,  for  the  Miamis 
Indiam  were  not  arrived  at  Philadelphia  when  he  left  it, 
??fejt.,^/w  and 

'  tttitn  tf  tbtfeurth  Englilhman  privet  tin  fal/hotd  iftkli 


and  nothing 
fpcak  Shall 
but  the  Goi 
Exprefs  to 

k'teft.  5/ 

^ejl.  61 
Ohio  in  the 
ders,  when 
the  Fort  E 
Marquis  de 
New- Franc 
fummon  th 
ries  of  the  ] 
ftfiaiy  forb 
the  faid  M. 
of  Pennjylu 
Notice,  tha 
on  the  Ten 
fwerable  to 
that  he  hac 
Ohio,  and  ( 
Traders,  a 
Pennfyhani 
from  the  G 
out  regardi 

Then  wj 
Examinatio 

The  fecc 
him  to  und 
dox,  that  h 
ever  Quefti 
agreed,  an 
to  the  laAv, 
Manner  pi 
Truth. 

Wt  rcqi 
Age  and  P 
«f  his  Refic 


■',    **  (ilSuMbi 


'"^3^ 


pence  of  t'wC 

EngUflj  Duck 
rj,  as  alibajiv- 
m,  jp  oni^r  to 
in  the  KnghJ'.K 
and  to  en<?a^e 
11  for  that  I'ur- 
6  Scalp?  If  he 
or  any  of  the 
fettled  on  Ri- 

Governor  had 
:r  Ohio^  Rock- 
accompliOa  his 
iCd  Wampum, 
thofe  Indians  ; 
•,  he  had  never 
;  elfe  j  that  the 
jecrge  Crogban^ 
effages  to  thofe 
of  Canada  with 

been  informed) 
jcrfedliy  well  ; 
ban  was  then  at 
lew  he  had  Or- 
rr  him,  inQua- 
,  and  to  feveral 
Jeafon,  to  wit; 
le  lad  Spring  to 
,  or  Oghwickt 
;ttlcd)  to  intreat 

Montour  went 
Tame  of  the  faid 

them  well ;  but 
n  Orders  to  ftir 

for  the  Miamis 

I  w^en  he  left  it, 

and 

/  tki  Fal/hotd  tftkii 


•       (    59     ) 
and  nothing  had  tranfpired ;  he  acknowicdgd  that  he  could 
fpcak  Shawanefe^   and  feveral  other   Indian  Languages, 
but  the  Governor  hud   never  ipade  Choice  of  him  as  an 
Exprefs  to  the  Indians. 

kueft.  stb,  i^c. 

^ejl.  6th,  fJeing  afked,  whether  he  was  not  at  the 
Ohio  in  the  Year  1 749,  jvith  a  Number  of  Engli(h  Tra- 
ders, when  M.  k  Celoron^  a  Major  and  Commander  of 
the  Fort  Detroit,  was  there,  who  had  Orders  from  the 
Marquis  de  la  Galijfonni'ere,  Commander  in  Chi«;f  of  all 
New-France,  and  the  Territories  thereon  depending,  to 
fummon  them  to  withdraw  forthwith,  from  the  Territo- 
ries of  the  King  our  Mafter  ?  and  whether  they  were  not 
ftfi6tly  forbidden  to  return  there  any  more  ?  and  whether 
the  faid  M.  le  Celoron,  had  not  written  to  the  Governor 
of  Pennjylvania,  to  acquaint  him  thereof,  and  to  give  him 
Notice,  that  if  any  more  En^lijh  Traders  ever  appeared 
on  the  Territories  of  his  Majefty,  he  would  not  be  an- 
fwerable  to  him  for  what  might  happen.  He  anfwered, 
that  he  had  heard  o{  M.  de  Celeron's  Expedition  to  the 
Ohio,  and  of  the  Injunflions  he  had  laid  upon  the  Englifi 
Traders,  and  of  the  Letter  he  wrote  to  the  Governor  of 
Pennfylvania ;  but  he  thought  that  the  Licence  he  had 
from  the  Governor,  wasfufficient  to  indemnify  him,  with- 
out regarding  any  Orders  to  the  Contrary. 

Then  was  read  before  the  f^^d  Luke  Jroiiin,  the  whole 
Examination,  (s'c. 

The  fecond  Engliffjman  appearing  before  us,  we  gave 
him  to  underfkand,  by  the  Interpretation  of  the  faid  Mad- 
iox,  that  he  muft  be  qualified  to  anfwer  us  truly,  what- 
ever Queftions  we  (hould  alk  him,  to  which  he  readily 
agreed,  and  laying  his  Hand  upon  his  Breafl,  according 
to  the  Laws  and  Cuftoms  of  Great- Britain ;  he  in  that 
Manner  promifed  and  fwore,  that  he  would  fpeak  the 
Truth. 

1  W*  required  pf  l»im  to  tell  us  his  Name,  Sir-name,  his 
Age  and  Profeffion,  as  alfo  where  h:^  was  born,  the  Place 
«fhis  Refidencc,  and  iawhat  Kingdoin  or  Government  ? 

To 


••*uu«eSSTf 


t 


t-'\:. 


(    fo    ) 

To  which  he  anfwered ;  that  his  Name  was  Jefepb  For" 
thter,  aged  Twenty-fix  Years,  an  hired  Servant,  a  Tra- 
veller, born  in  the  Jerfies,  a  Place  belonging  to  the  Pro- 
vince of  New^Tork. 

He  was  examined  on  the  firfl:  Queftion,  which  was 
read  to  him  Word  for  Word. 

To  which  he  anfwered  j  that  he  had  been  four  Years 
abfcni  from  the  Jerfies^  and  lived  the  mod  Part  of  that 
Time  in  the  Woods,  but  in  the  Winter  he  commonly  re- 
tired to  a  Village  in  the  Province  of  Pinnfylvania^  called 
Scanarii  \  that l»c  had  traded  with  the  Sbawaneji  iX  the 
Ob^p'y  and  wherever  he  could  fee  any  Indians. 

He  was  eicamined  on  the  fccond  Q^eftion, .  which  was 
read  to  hini  Word  for  Word. 

To  which  he' anfwered  ;  that  he  fet  out  with  Michael 
STw/,  on  Purpole  to  trade  with  the  Indians  ;  that  he  was 
hired  to  the  laid  feaf-,  in  Order  to  help  him  with  his  Hor- 
fes  and  Goods ;  that  himfelf  artd  the  other  Englijbmen  who 
v/ere  taken,'  had  btirnt  their  Invoice,'  and  that  cdnfeqtient- 
ly  they  coUld  hot' tell  us  the  Value  of  the  Goods  he  had ; 
that  they  ■  had  been  boujght  from  the  lame  Perfon  Lukt 
Arowin  had  bought  his  ;  that  he  had  a  Licence  from  the 
Governor  of  Pennjyhaniat  but  had  left  it  in  his  Cdbin,  at 
an  Indian  Town,  called  by  the  Englijh  Vendack,  adjoining 
the  Sbawanefe.  '  ^  •■ 

Being  examined  on  the  third  Queftion,  which  was  read 
%o  him  Wbrd  for  Word,     ' 

He  anfwered  ;  that  he  had  fold  his  Goods  to  thofe 
Nations  fettled  on  the  dbio^  and  in  the  adjacent  Parts  ; 
that  he  had'  hever  defpifed  the  Frencb  Goods,  but  the 
Indians  themfelves  had  told  hini,  that  they  rather  chofeto 
trade  with  the  Englijh,  knowing  theit-  Goods  to  be  better 
and  ch<raper  than  thofe  which  the  Frencb  fold  them  *,  that 
he  had  traded  with  thofe  Indians  only  four  Years,  as 
aforefaid.  '  . 

He  was  jxamined  on  the  eighth  Queftion,  whidh  was 
read  to  him  Word  for  Word. 

■"? ■  ■     /  •    •    .  T! 


ftrmm 


IS  Jofepb  For" 
vant,  a  Tra-. 
g  to  the  Pro- 

n,  which  was 

in  four  Years 
Part  of  that 
commonly  rc- 
ilvaniat  called 
twaneje  it  the 
ts. 
on,  which  was 

with  Michael 
• ;  that  he  was 
with  his  Hor- 
ZngUJbmen  who 
lat  confeqiient- 
Goods  he  had  -, 
le  Perfon  Lukt 
icence  from  the 
in  his  Cdbin,  at 
^dackf  adjoining 

which  was  read 

Goods  to  thofe 
adjacent  Parts ; 
Goods,  but  the 
^  i-ather  chofetq 
>ods  to  be  better 
bid  them  ;  that 
four  Yean,  as 

tion,  whidh  was 


(     6i     ) 

To  which  he  anfwered  •,  that  in  the  Year  1 749,  he 
•was  at  Sufquibannab,  in  the  Province  of  Pennlyhania^ 
where  he  had  heard  that  M.  de  Celeron  was  at  the  QhiOf 
but  further  faid  not.  '.  . 

Then  was  read  before  the  faid  Jofepb  For  finer  ^  the 
whole  Examination,  and  his  Anfwcrs,  &fr. 

The  third  Englijhman  appearing  before  us,  we  garc 
him  to  underftand  by  the  Interpretation  of  faid  Maddox^ 
that  he  mud  be  qualified  to  anfwer  us  truly,  whatever  Quel- 
tions  we  (hould  aflc  him,  towhicii  he  readily  agreed^  &r« 

Being  afked  his  Name,  i^c. 

He  anfwered,  that  his  Name  was  Thomas  Burk^  aged 
Twenty-three  Years,  .a  Traveller,  a  Native  o\  Cork^  in 
Ireland^  and  now  an  Inhabitant  of  Laneajier,  in  (he 
Province  of  Pennftlvania. 

He  was  examined  on  the  firfV  Queftion,  which  was 
read  to  him  Word  for  Word. 

To  which  he  anfwered  }  that  he  had  left  Ireland 
almoft  Eight  Years,  that  it  was  fcarce  ten  Months  fince 
he  left  Hufquebannaby  thap  he  was  hired  by  "John  Martin, 
an  Englijhmany  who  traded  at  the  Ohio^  that  he  fer  out 
with  two  other  hired  Servants,  in  order  to  trade  near  Otfan- 
dojkety  and  from  thence  intended  to  return  to  hancajter. 

He  was  examined  on  the  third  Queftion,  which  wai 
read  to  him  Word  for  Word. 

To  which  he  anfwered  \  that  he  had  no  other  Com- 
pany with  him  than  the  two  afbrefaid  Englijhmen  ;  that 
his  EflFeds,  including  hisHbrfes,  might  be  valued  at 
Fifteen  Hundred  Livres,  but  he  had  left  them  all  at  a 
fmall  River,  about  two  Leagues  from  where  the  Rev. 
Father  de  la  Ricbardie  had  wintered,  in  the  Care  of  two 
Englijhmeny  Who  as  foon  as  ttiey  had  heard  that  Warrants 
were  iflued  out  to  take  them,  had  left  all  and  fled  v  that 
the  aforefaid  Goods  were  the  Property  of  the  faid  Martin, 
he  having  bought  them  of  two  different  Merchants  in 
Philadelphia,  the  Name  of  ohe  he  remembred  was  Shippen  ; 
that  he  had  a  Licence  from  the  Governor  of  Penn/ylvania, 
buc  had  left  i;  at  fvd  River  with  his  Eff?^s. 


■jfr. 


^,    '?^>     -,.. 


cm 


'.:7 


-\i&iV„ 


ff\ 


i    • 


liif 


J*     I 


I 


(     62     ) 

ilc  was  examined  on  tlic  eighth  Qucftion,  £«rV. 

To  which  he  anrwcmi  j  that  he  had  heard  ot  M.  <//  • 
Celeron  being  at  the  Oife/<7,  as  alfo  of  the  Letter  he  had 
written  to  the  (lovirnor  at"  Prnnjyhania  ;  that  it  was  in- 
truded to  the  hired  Servants  belonging  to  Geotgt  Cro^han^ 
the  chief  Interpreter,  but  he  could  not  tell  if  it  had  ever 
been  delivered. 

Then  was  read  before  the  faid  Thomas  Burk,  the  whole 
Examination,  and  his  Anfwers,  fcff. 

The  fourth  Englijhtnan  then  appeared  before  us,  who 
being  qualified,  i^c. 

We  required  of  him  to  tell  us  his  Name,  Sir  -Name, 
his  Age,  Gff. 

He  aiifwcred,  that  his  Name  was  John  Patten^  aged 
Twenty-fix  Years,  an  Indian  Trader,  a  Native  and  In- 
habitant of  Wilmington^  in  the  l^rovincc  of  Penn/yhania. 

He  was  examined  on  the  firft  Queftion,  which  was 
read  to  him  Word  for  Word. 

To  which  he  anfwcred,  that  he  had  left  ff'ilmingtoMt 
the24th  of  laft  Jugujiy  Q.  S.  that  he  fet  out  in  orcer 
to  trade  with  fomc  Miamis  Indians  who  are  fettled  on 
Rock- Riper t  about  thirty  Leagues,  as  near  as  he  could 
guefs,  from  the  Miamis  Fort. 

He  was  examined  on  the  fecond  Queftion,  which  was 
read  to  him  Word  for  Word. 

To  which  heanfwered,  that  he  had  with  him  two  hired 
Servants,  and  that  he  was  in  Company  with  an  Englijh 
Trader  who  had  five  more  -,  that  they  all  caipe  together 
to  Rod-River,  at  which  Place  they  fouftd  ujswards  of 
fifty  Traders,  including  Servants,  lodging  in  Cabins  be- 
longing to  the  Miamis  Indians^  •,  that  the  Name  of  their 
Chief,  was  La  Demoifelle  j  that  thofe  Cabins  were  in  a 
Fort  i  that  the  Valu3  of  his  Goods  amounted  Co  about 
Seven  Thoufand  Livres  •,  that  he  had  provided  himfelf  at 
fetting  out,  with  a  Licence  from  the  Governor  of  Pentt". 
fyhania  *,  for  which  he  had  paid  a  Piftole,  which  LicenA 

he 

•  It  is  neceffarY  to  fay  fomething  here  concerning  thofe  Licences,  j 

A«y  arc  aiminiil  aeainft  the  Laws  of  Traile  founded  on  f  rcaties. 

,  -^  The 


-4t 


•ST'' 


i6»,  r  ,-f5>%ii    ;^i^ 


lie  had  It 
in  a  little  I 

He  wj 
reai!  tu  hi 

To  wh 
the  India) 
othrr  ad), 
coming  ti 
trade  wit.'i 
and  agree 
never  und 

Me  wa 
read  to  hi 

To  wl 
Governor 
the  head 
Thouland 
Woods  V 
ordc"  to  d 
are  fettled 
Miamis  1 
ing  any  I 

He  wa 
Fortt  by  < 
Fort,  and 
there  ? 

To  wh 
French  wi 
going  to 
himfelf  ai 
faid  Fort, 


The  InJian 
throughout 
or  to  the'i 
any  Indiam 
firethefcL 
in  order  co 
fo  many  Ei 
pcrly  (peak 
Permiiiiion. 


ard  oi  M.  di  ■ 

^tttr  he  had 
hat  it  was  in- 
otgt  Cro^hatt^ 
if  it  had  ever 

rk,  the  whole 

.fore  us,  who 

r,  Sir -Name, 

Patten^  aged 
ative  and  In- 
Penn/ylvania. 
I,    which  was 

t  hf^ilmington^ 

out   in  orcer 

re  fettled  on 

ar  as  he  could 

n,  which  was 

him  two  hired 
ith  an  Engltjh 
caipe  together 
d   upwards  of 

in  Cabins  be- 
>Iame  of  their 
ins  were  in  a 
rjted  Co  about 
ded  himfelf  at 
rnor  of  Pentf- 
which  LicenA 
he 

thofc  Licences,  j 

ided  on  Treaties. 

•   Th« 


\      .     •      (      63      )  •       • 

lie  had  left  with  the  abo^efaid  Miamis  Indians^  fliut  up 
in  a  little  Box  of  his  in  his  Cabin. 

He  was  examir.cd  on  the  third  Qutftion,  which  wai 
reail  to  him  Word  for  Word. 

'1  o  winch  heanlvvcrcd,  that  he  had  fold  fomc  Goods  to 
the  Indiaus  who  art*  fettled  on  i\\tOhio^  Rock- River,  and 
othrr  adjdcc'nt  I'arts  ;  that  it  was  the  fnft  Time  of  hii 
coming  to  Rock- River  -,  and  the  only  Way  he  ufed  to 
trade  wit.'i  the  Indtans,  was  by  (hewing  thcn»  his  Goods, 
and  agreeing  with  thtrv  as  to  the  Price  ;  but  that  he  had 
never  undervalued  the  French  Goods. 

Me  was  examined  on  th-  fourth  Queftion,  wkich  wa» 
read  to  him  Word  for  Word. 

To  which  he  anfwered  >  i>e  had  only  heard  that  the 
Governor  of  Pennfylvania  had  intruded  George  Crogban^ 
the  head  Indian  Interpreter,  with  Goods  to  the  Value  of  a 
Thouland  Piftoles  ;  and  that  he  went  up  and  down  the 
Woods  with  the  faid  Montour,  a  French  Canadian,  in 
order  to  diftribute  the  faid  Good?  among  the  Indians  who 
ari;  fettled  on  the  Ohio^  Rock-River,  and  particularly  the 
Miamis  Indians,  and  further  fa'.th  not ;  he  denied  kn*)W- 
ing  any  Indian  Language. 

He  was  afked  if  he  had  not  been  arrefted  in  the  Mittmis 
Fortt  by  Order  of  M.  de  Villi !rs.  Commander  of  the  faid 
Fort,  and  was  it  not  with  Intention  to  trade,  that  he  went 
there  ? 

To  which  he  anfwered,  that  the  Indians  telling  him  the 
French  were  defirous  to  fee  him,  was  th^  Reafon  of  his 
going  to  that  Fort  •,  that  he  was  greatly  furprized  to  fee 
himfelf  arrefted  therein  ;  that  he  had  Occafion  to  buy  in 
faid  Fort,  a  Mufkec  and  fome  Tobacco,  and  had  taken 

with 

The  InJiam  having  no  Territories  of  their  own,  can  freely  trad* 
throughout  every  Part  of  the  Country,  whether  belonging  to  iheEng/iJi 
or  to  the  FrtHck.  As  to  the  Eurofean  Nations,  none  can  trade  wi^h 
any  Indiam,  except  thofe  who  are  on  their  own  Territories.  There- 
fire- thefe  Letters  of  Licence  granted  to  Traders  by  Englilh  Governors, 
in  order  to  permit  them  to  trade  on  Lands  poflefled  by  the  Frtnch,  are 
fo  many  Enierprizes  and  Ufurpationi :  I'hofe  Englijh  Traders,  pro* 
pcrly  (peaking,  kept  up  a  Contraband-Tradc  with  their  Goveruw's 
Pcrnaiiiiion.  _ 


i'        •« 


PPWW" 


(iin»i"i|i»»iiiiiii«M 


i 


\  : 


4 


!^* 


(  64  ) 

with  him  five  Silk  Caps,  one  Piece  of  coarfc  Hellatid,  and 
iwdvcSiliclIamlkarchicfs  for  that  Purpofc.  and  that  all 
had  been  fci«cd  by  the  faid  M.  de  VtllUrs,  as  alio  his 
Horfe  i  that  his  Boots  and  Portmanteau,  wherein  his  Clothes 
were,  had  been  left  in  an  7«<i»/»«  Cabin,  and  were  to  have  | 
been  font  to  him  at  Detroit,  but  he  never  had  any  Tidings 
of  th-n-  fince  •,  that  another  Horfe  had  alfo  been  taken 
from  him,  whereon  was  an  Indian  who  was  his  Guide. 

He  was  alked  whether  (at  the  Time  he  had  propofed 
to  20  to  the  French  Fort  at  Mimis).  Prefcnts  had  not 
been  made,  either  by  him,  or  any  other  Perfon,  to  the 
/n^w«j  who  are  fettled  on  the  Ohio,  and  Rock-River,  inj 
order  to  obtain  their  Amilancc  againft  the  French,  in 
Cafe  they  Ihould  Attack  them  ?  ^v.     1 

He  anfwered  entirely  in  the  Negative  to  tvcry  Thing 
contained  in  the  aforefaid  Queftion.  . 

Hewasalked,  ifthofe  Goods  which  had  been  fei zed 
at  t  La  Croix,  twenty  Leagues  from  the  Fort  atMiamis,\ 
M^erc  not  his,  and  if  they  were  not  the  fame,  which  wertS 
mentioned   in  the  verbal  Proccfs  of  M.  de  Mcnt.gf^.   zni 
Officer,  dated  December  the  zd,  1750,  which  had  been 

''^  To°  w'hTch  he  anfwered,  that  he  had  left  his  Goods  at 
La  Croix,  and  wasfatisfied  ihatthofe  Goods  mentioned  in 
the  verbal  Proccfs,  were  the  fame  Sort  as  his,  but  in  much 
lefs  Quantity  -.  that  he  could  not  tell  what  >^«  becornc  of 
thb  reft  i  it  might  be,  his  Servants  had  carried  them  away 

""  nVwa^sextined  on  the  eighth  Queftion.  i^hich  wai 

read  to  him  Word  for  Word.  .   .  .u.  ni.:»  ;« 

To  which  he  anfwered,   that  he  was  not  at  the  0/«*  m 
in  the  Year  1740,  that  he   was  told  of  M.  le  Celoron  s\ 
being  there  at 'tt'a;  Time,    and  of  -hat  Orders  he  ha 
enjoined  the  Englijh  Traders  -.   that  he  had  alfo  been  told 
of  the  Letter  which  M.  le  Celeron  had  written  to  the  Go- 
vernor  of  Pennjylvania  on  that  Account,  but  was  infprm-i 
ed  he  had  never  received  it  j  Crogban,  the  chief  lnt"P'^^^"^| 

t  i«  -'•»'■-*•,  is  ths  Name  of  a  Place  fignlfying  in  Etiglijhrkt  CroEi. 


'*:-■  <*i.-  >  - 


% » 


ti     i>.s 


L^i, 


^4>Jk  ' 


fc  Hellandt  anil  ] 
ife,  and  that  all 
ersy  as  alio  his  I 
rrcin  his  Clothes 
il  were  to  have 
ad  any  Tidings  | 
Ifo  been  taken 
s  his  Guide. 
ic  had  propofed 
'refents  had  not  | 

I»erfon,  to  the 
Rock-River,  in 

the  French  t  in 

:o  every  Thing  I 

had  been  feizcd 
Fort  at  MiamiSy 
mc,  which  were*  | 
}e  Mentigny,   an 
which  had  been 

left  his  Goods  at 
ods  nnentioned  in 
his,  but  in  much 
t  was  become  of 
irried  them  away 

lion,  ilrhich  was 

ot  at  the  Obit  in  I 
•  M.  /*  Celoren*s 
t  Orders  he  had 
lad  alfo  been  told 
ritten  to  the  Go- 
but  was  infprm- 
le  chief  Interpre- 
ter 

inf»^///tKeCroi«. 


f 


tcr  iforcfi 

1  not  know 

I  to  ad  agr 

Then  ^ 

[minacion, 

I  inclined  U 

he  anfwcr 

it;  and  fu 

I  the  head  1 

Uians  CO  d 

I  them  by  t 

Ihad  been  I 

[Country  ; 

iThing  he 

■Trade,  ai 

Idians :  Ai 

jwritten  to 

Ihad  been  i 

Ivernor,  b 

Ibid  him  t 

Said  A 

[the  Baron 

[interpnte 

D.y.  Mi 

Saint  Sau 


A  SUMMO 
tfthe  Int 
tnander  i^ 
tnander  t 
whereof  i 

JTSJOTH] 

•*-^   temf^i 

;  that  wl] 

Captain  of 

^anada^   tl 


•  This  i 
pow  he  ha 
be  diilri 


■  ■  i>pii|ii»yi!>jtni«iir.»',twp'  »i'ii'.«Bi»is<iiwtjfi  .•/rmffcur^'^ 


MW)./  »n»  II ,  I     ' 


.) 


I 


i    is    )  v 

I  ter  aforefaid,  Wjng  torn  it,  that  the  Governor  might 
I  not  know  the  Contents  thereof,  left  he  (hould  order  him 
:  to  adl  agreeable  to  it. 

Then  was  read  bi'tore  t(i.e  faid  Patten^  the  whoK*  Exa- 

jmination,  and  his  Anfwers  -,  and  he  was  aflccd  ii  he  was 

inclined  to  add  to,  or  extenuate  his  Aniweis?    To  which 

he  anfwcredj  That  all  he  had   (aid  was  true,  and  ftodd  to 

it;  and  furthermore  faid,  that  the  afor*.  m.-ntiomni  Cro^han^ 

the  head  Interpreter,    had  at  all  Times  pcrdiaded  the  In- 

Uians  to  deftroy  the  Frencby  and  had   lo  far  prevailed  on 

IthL-m  by  the  Prtfcnts  he  had  made  them,  that  five  French 

Ihad  been  killed  by  faid  Indians^    in  the  Upper-l-*art  of  the 

[Country  ;  thatSelt-IrKercft  was  his  fole  Motive   in  every 

iThing  he  did  ;  thai  iii?  Views  were  to  engrofs  the  whole 

iTrade,  and  to  fcare  th;'  French  from  Dealing  with  th'.  £n- 

Idians:  And  as"  to   thfe  Letters  which  M.  de  Celoron  had 

jwritten  to  the  Governor  of  Phnjyhania^  three  of  them 

Ihad  been  inii.Tcepted  by  the  falQ  Croghatt^  left  the  faid  Go- 

Ivernor,  being  acquainted  with  his  Deeds,  *  Ihould.for- 

jbid  him  ever  to  go  amorigft  them  again. 

Said  Patten  hath  fet  his  Hand  to  every  Page,  as  alfo 
[the  Baron  de  Longml^  M .  Varen^  the  laid  Maddox,  the 
llnterpnter^  and  our  Sccre'ary  ;  Thus  figned  John  Patten^ 
W.J.  ModdoXy  La  Jonquiere,  Longneely  Farin^  and 
\Saint  Sauveurj  Secretary.  ,    ;        •    .    /   .     # 

-.  N  U  M  B.    VI.     '         -       *  "        X 

\A  Summons  fiht  hy  Order  of  M.  de  Conti'icoeur,  Captain  of  one 
of  the  Independant  Companies  of  the  Detachment  of  Marines  ^  Com" 
mander  in  Chief  of  his  Majefffs  Troops  at  the  C5nio,  to  the  Cam-r^ 
mander  of  thofe  Troops  belonging  to  the  King  of  Great-Britain, 
whereof  M.  le  Mercier  was  Bearer ^  the  l6tb  Day  o/Apri!,  1 754. 
OTHING  can  furprize  me  more  than  to  fee  you  thus  at- 
temf^t  to  fettle  on  the  Ten  itories  of  the  King  my  Matter  j 
rtis  that  which  obliges  me  this  Day,  to  fend  you  M.  Le  Mercier, 
aptain  of  the  Cannoneers,  and  Commrnder  pf  the  Artillery  in 
'anadat  that  he  may  know^  Sir,  from  yourfelf,  by  Virtue  ©f 

K  what 

*  This  is  added  to  juftify  the  Governor.    Yow  hav«  read  before. 
ovf  he  had  given  Croghan  feme  Goods  to  the  Valu*  of  100  Piftok»» 
be  diilributqd  among  the  Indiant. 


wiv 


11^ 


f' 


I'M 


*!^l^l^. 


.)» 


il 


M 


w^- 


what  Ordcri  you  are  creaing;  Forts  on  the  Territories  of  the 
Kin  '  mv  Maiter.  This  Motion  appears  to  mc  fo  contrary  to 
th'e  fn  Trtaiyon'cacc,  c„nc\uied  ^l  Jix-la-Ch^^pd'e,  bctweert 
hi,,  nmll  Chnjii.n  MajcUy,  a.ui  his  Majcfly  the  ^^'Y^^reaf 
.  iV ,..;«,  tliat"^  I  In  .w  not  to  whom  I  Iha  I  impute  (uch  Ufurpa- 
tlon  1  hnce  thole  Lands  which  are  htuattd  ah.ng  the  R.vcra/;^^ 
bevomi  all  iJiCputc    belonging  to  the  molt  ar;y(«fl«  Kmg.  • 

1  am  certainlv  informed,  Sir,  that  your  Schemes  a.e  contriv- 
ed onlv  by  a  company  who  hath  the  Interert  of  Trade  more  m 
View,  than  CO  maintain  the  Union  and  Harmony  exiftmg  be- 
twcen  tl>.c  Crowns  of  Great-Briuvn  and  Frame ;  though,  Sir,  the 
Maintainance  thereof,  may  be  as  advantageous  to  your  Nation 

^'  However,  Sir,'  if  you  are  come  vefted  with  any  Orders  to  this 
Place,  I  fummons  you  from  the  King  my  Malier,  by  Vntue  of 
the  Urdcrs  which  I  have  from  my  General,  peaceably  to  with- 
draw jourfelf,  and  your  Troops,  from  the  King  s  Territories,  if 
Hot;  I  (hall  be  under  a  Necefiity,  for  the  Performance  of  my  Du- 
ty, to  oblige  you  thereto.     1  hope.  Sir,  you  will  not,pro!ong  thtf 
Time,  and  thereby  force  me  to  Extremes :  You  may,  Sir,  in  tfcat 
Ca'e,  be  fully  perluadcd,  1  fhall  give  fuch  Orders  to  my  Detach- 
ment, that  you  (hall  receive  no  Damage  thereby. 
■Sir,  Uive  you  Notice  now,  that  it  will  be  to  no  Purpofe  to 
.     demand  one  Hour's  Delay,  or  to  exped  I  fhal»  confent  to  your 
Stay,  until  vou  receive  Orders  from  your  Governor,  for  none  he 
can  pive  uj-on  the  Lands  of  the  King  my  Mafter.     The  Orders 
I  ha^>e  received  from  my  General,  are  a  Law  to  me;  therefore, 
Sir,  I  cannot  go  from  them.  ^  ,         -r  i 

But  if,  on  the  Cijntrary,  you  have  no  Orders ;  if  you  are  only 
.      come  here  to  trade,  i  am  forry  to  inform  P^,  ^hatlam  obhged  to 
^      feizeyo.u  I'dfon,  and  to  coniifote  yourEffcfls  to  the  U(e  of  the 
htiiJns,  'vho  are  our  Children,  our  Allies,  and  our  Friends,  as 
vou  are  not  permitted  to  follow  any  illicit  Trade. 

It  was^for  that  very  Reafon,  Sir,  that  two  Enghjfmin  v>txt  by 
-      usarrefted  laft  Year,  for  trading  on  our  Lands      Furthermore, 
the  Kina  my  Mafter,  dcmands\)nly  what  is  his  Right  :  His  In- 
-  tentions  are  not  to  interrupt  that  g.^od  Harmony  knd  Fnendfliip 
fubfiiting  between  his  Majelty  and  the  King  of  Great-Bntain. 
The  General  of  Canada,  can  give  Proofs  in  what  Manner  he 
,       concurieth  to  keep  up  the  Union  exifting  between  the  two  Prin- 
ces;  for  having   been  informed, 'that    fome  Inaiam  o^rhz  hm 
j\auens,  in  Company  with  Come  Nepijftngues,  from  the  Lake  of 
the  two  Mountains,   had  tallen  upon,  and  dejlroyed  an  br>i,!tjh 
ramily  towaftds  Garolina  j  he  ftopped  their  Paflage,  and  obliged 


r 


4^  /^^ 


%^s!miffi'i>:i*^*'-~^-^  ""  " — 


,.:%W,'V.»,, 


them  to  del 
who  was  tl 
by  Mr.  UU 
treat. 

Moreove 
ufual  Crue! 
complain. 
Year  to  th( 
were  biify  i 

Sir,  I  ai 
polite  Mar 
Diftindiior 
back  to  m 
pa£t  Anfv 
you,  I  ferw 
quaint  ther 

Pone  I 


A  Copy  < 

«  ^ 

BE  itKi 
theDe 
Ohio^  Fort 
Orders  to 
immediate! 
one  Englifl. 
as  the  Higi 
keep  along 
Hangard ; 
Road  wbic 
As  the  Ind 
tack  us  (w 
M.  de  Jm 
tempt  inte 
ing  to  the 
deliver  the 
We  furl 
before  the 
ries  he  hat 
rions;  an 
fible  Dilij 


-■''^<ftiiHiii'i^g-'      "*" 


errltories  of  the 
c  fo  contrary  to 
hapeUe,  bctweert 
:  King  of  Great- 
jtc  fuch  Ufuroa- 
I  the  River  (>»/»i 
ifan  King.  • 
mes  a.e  contriv- 
■  Trade  more  in 
ony  exilting  be- 
though,  Sir,  tha 
I  to  your  Nation 

ny  Orders  to  this 
ler,  by  Viitue  of 
:accab!y  to  with- 
g's  Territories,  if 
nance  of  my  Du- 
ll not_pro!ongthtf 
I  may,  Sir,  in  tJiJat 
rs  to  my  Detach- 
by. 

to  no  Purpofe  to 
i>  confent  to  your 
:rnor,  for  none  he 
ler.  The  Orders 
to  me ;  therefore, 

•s;  if  you  are  only 
hat  I  am  obliged  to 
;s  to  the  Uleofthe 
nd  our  Friends,  as 
ie. 

lnglij})men  were  by 
ds.  Furthermore, 
lis  Right  :  His  In- 
)ny  knd  Friendfliip 
f  Great-Britain. 

I  what  Manner  he 
veen  the  two  Prin- 
Indians  of  the  Six 
from  the  Lake  of 
ertroyed  an  En^lijh 
iflage,  and  obliged 


.,  -^,•■      ■..-•    .      {    ey    )  ^-■:  -  ^  -  • 

them  to  deliver  him  tip  a  littlcBoy  belonging  to  that  Family,  and 
who  was  the  only  one  left  alive  ;  he  was  biought  back  to  Brjhn^ 
by  Mr.  Ultrich,  who  was  then  upon  fome  Negotiatioo  at  Moh- 
treal. 

Moreover,  he  has  ftri£lly  forbidden  all  Indians  toexercife  their 
ufual  Cruelties  on  thole  Englijh  who  arc  our  Friends.  1  could 
complain.  Sir,  of  the  many  Solicitations  you  have  made  laft 
Year  to  the  Indians^  to  take  up  the  Hatchet  againft  us,  whilft  wc 
were  biify  in  maintaining  Peace.    . 

Sir,  I  am  perfuaded  that  you  will  receive  M./f  Mercier,  in  a 
polite  Manner,  on  Account  of  his  Commiflion,  as  alio  of  his 
Diltindtion  and  perfonal  Merit ;  and  I  expc<ft  you  wiii  fend  him. 
back  to  me  with  one  of  your.  OfKcers,  who  will  bring  me  aa 
fxait  Anfwer,  figned  by  yourfelf.  As  you  have  Indians  with 
you,  I  fend  an  Interpreter  with  M.  le  Menier,  that  he  may  ac- 
quaint them  with  my  Intentions  on  their  Accotint. 

/  <7OT,  i^c.      Signed,  Contrecokur. 
Done  at  our  Campy  the  i6th  of  AprW^  1754. 

NUMB.    VII. 

jf  Copy  efthefe  Orders  xvhio'y  M.  deContrecoeur^flW  M.  i» 

Jumonvillc,  the  i^d cfM&y ^  1754. 

BE  it  Known,  that  the  Captain  of  a  Company  belonging  to 
the  Detachment  of  Marines,  Commander  in  Chief  at  the 
Ohio^  Fort  Du  ^efne,  the  Peninfula,  and  River  fl^^/,  hath  given 
Orders  to  M.  de  jumonville,  an  Enfign  of  the  Troops,  to  depart 
immediately,  with  one  Officer,  three  Cadets,  one  Voluntier, 
one  Englijh  Interpreter,  and  twenty-eight  Men,  to  go  up  as  far 
as  the  High-Lands,  and  to  make  what  Diicovery  lie  can  ;  he  Ihall 
keep  along  the  River  Monaungaleia,  in  Pettiaguas,  as  far  as  the 
Hangard;  after  which4ie  Ihall  march  along,  until  he  finds  the. 
Road  which  leads  to  that  faidtohave  been  cleared  by  the  EngJifh, 
As  the  Indians  give  out  that  theEn^^liJh  are  on  their  March  to  at- 
tack us  (which  wc  ca-.not  believe,  fince  we  are  at  Peace)  fhould 
M.  de  JumonvilUy  contrary  to  our  Expeflation,  he^ir  of  any  At- 
tempt intended  tp  be  made  by  the  Eng'iJI),  on  the  Lands  belong- 
ing to  the /Vm/' King,  he  fhall  immediatoly  go  to  thtm,  and 
deliver  them  the  Summons  we  have  given  him. 

We  further  charge  him,  to  difpatch  a  fpeedy  Meflengerto  us, 
before  the  Summons  be  read,  to  acquaint  uS.of  all  the  Difcovo- 
ries  he  hath  made ;  of  the  Day  he  intends  to*  read  them  the  Sum- 
mons ;  and  alfo,  to  bring  us  an  Anff  er  frofflfthem,  with  all  pof- 
fjble  Diligence,  after  it  is  re*d,     i"^ 


m 


,*!--*  \    V 


'      -.  * 


m- 


»  t 


:-,M,^amtSliliiMiii^'-- 


^:.i%«»aH»»«.<l>ll*W,l<»i.l'>MII«W»IWW|illW 


«-N 


(. 


c> 


•       (    68     ) 

If  Mr.  de  JumonvilU  fliould  hear  that  the  Englijh  intend  t«  g» 
on  the  other  Side  of  the  Great- Alcuntain,  *  he  {hall  not  pafs.  the 
H  ;'h-LanJ<t  for  we  would  nut  diUurb  them  in  the  lea{^,  being 
de  .rousto  keep  up  that  Union  which  exifts  between  the  tvVo 
Cr.iwns. 

VVe  charge  Mr.  dt  JumoHville,  to  ftand  upon  his  Guard 
■gainfl  every  Attempt,  either  from  the  Englijh  <(  Indians.  If 
he  Ihould  meet  any  Indlnns^  he  fliail  tell  them  he  is  travelling 
ab"ut  to  fee  what  is  tranfadingon  the  Kin^j's  Territories,  and 
to  take  Notice  of  every  Road,    and  (hall  fhcw  them  Frtendfhip. 

Done  at  the  v.  amp  at  For/  Du  ^<efne^  the  2^d  of  May,  175.4. 
^      •  ■  '  Signed,     Contrec^EUR. 

A  Copy  of  the  Summons  whereof  Mr.  de  Jumonvillp,    was  tbt 

Bearer.      , 

A  Summons  whuh  Mr.  de  JumonviHe  Jhall  read.  From  an 
Offii-er  cf  thu  Troop<i  of  the  Mo/{  Chx\%3in  King,  to  the  Com- 
mander oft.e  Enylifh  TioJli.^  if  any  he  jhall  findon  the  Territoriti 
of  the  ?  isnd\  King. 

Sir, 
rr<Hli  Indians  have  already  acquainted  me,  you  were  coming 
■*  armed,  oil  the  Territories  of  the  King  my  Mafter,  though 
I  cannot  bc-licve  it ;  but  as  it  is  my  Duty  to  leave  no  Stone  un- 
turned to  dilirover  exadtly  the  Truth  thereof,  I  have  feilr  out  Mr. 
de  fumonv  lie,  on  that  Acount  ;  and  in  Cafe  he  fhould  fee  you, 
to  ifummons  you  in  the  King's  Name,  .and  by  Virtue  of  fee  Or- 
ders which  I  have  received  from  rt\y  General,  to  depart  forth- 
with in  Peace,  with  your  Troops  ;  if  you  refufe,  you  will  oblige 
Itie,  Sir,  to  force  you  thereto,  by  ufing  the  m«ft  powerful 
Means,  for  tlie  Honour  of  th€  King's  Arms  :  Your  buying  thofe 
Lands  at  the  Obia,  from  the  Indians,  gives  you  fo  weak  a  Right 
thereto,  that  I  {hall  be  obliged  to  repel  Force  by  Force.  I  fbre- 
warn  you,  that  if,  ^ft^r  this  Summons,  which  (hall  be  the  laft, 
there  be  any  Atlof  Hoftility,  you  {hall  .nnfwer  for  it;  ^s  it  is 
•ur  Intention  to  keep  up  the  Union  exifting  between  the  two 
Crowns.  Whatever  your  Schemes  may  be,  I  hope.  Sir,  you 
will  fhew  Mr.  Junr.nville  all  the  Refpedi:  that  Officer  deferves, 
and  that  you  will  fend  him  back  to  me  again,  with  all  Speed,  tQ 
acquaint  me  vyith  your  Intentions,  J  am^   iifc. 

Signed,  Contrecoeur. 

pent  at  the  Camp  at  Fort  Du  Quefne,  the  2^defMayf  1754. 

■4 

'""'  •        •  The  Apalachian  Mauntaini. 

-         . '  ■       .  .      .  , 


Letti 
coeur, 

S  I  n 
CINCE 
•^  the  3c 
that  lexpi 
diiins  have 
defeated  ; 
de  'Jumonx 
dian,  mac 
ielvesCab 
felves,  as 
ing,  the) 
and  the  / 
Volleys, 
Interpreti 
them.  L 
ville  ord^r 
be  read ; 
aforcfaid  i 
Mr.  de  Ji 
that  they 
dians,  dui 
Way  to  u 
along  the] 

This  i 
fortune  is 
circled  th 

I  have 
ChuUvigH 
fee,  that 
lAr.'de 

The //I 
that  Mr. 
whilft  th 
would 
who  wei 
prevei^t^i 
Prifoner: 
ble,  bott 
led.     T 

I  beli 
Englijh 
Nations 


IJh  intend  te  gv 
hall  not  pafb  the 
the  leaf},  being 
etwcen  the  tvVo 

pon  his  Guard 
i  {  Indians.  If 
He  is  travelling 
erritorjes,  and 
lem  Frieddfhip. 

of  Mayy  175.4. 

)NTRECfiEUR. 

lonville,    was  tht 


r^ 


PWJii'lOTIilKllJUijjuU' 


•',».UT|»lfm>lllll  (imimyivi.n»r|i^^. 


ing,   to 


From  an 
the  Corn- 


el on  thi  TerritorUs 


you  were  coming 

y  Mader,   though 

eave  no  Stone  un- 

I  have  fertr  out  Mr. 

he  ihould  fee  you, 

Virtue  of  «ie  Or- 

to   c^epart  forth 

fe,  you  will  oblige 

he  moft  powerful 

Your  buying  thofe 

)U  fo  weak  a  Right 

!  by  Force.  I  fbre- 

h  (hall  be  the  )aft, 

:r  for  it ;    as  it  is 

between  the   two 

I  hope,  Sir,    you 

:  Officer  deferves, 

with  all  Speed,   tq 

artiy   (ifc. 

I^ONTRECOEUR. 

Zdo/Mayt  1754. 


iy  M.  dc  Centre* 


(    ^9    ) 

i/  Letter yjf*  to  the  Mq'guit  du  Quefnij 
coeur,  J<}i'^J  June  2</,  J 7 54. 

S  I  R, 
CiNCE  the  Letter  I  had  the  Honqur  to  write  to  you,  dated 
^  the  30thoflart.Monih,  whereby  I  acquainted  your  Honour, 
{hit  I  expecied  M.T.  lie  Jum  nvllle^  within  four  Oays  ;  tlie  In- 
rfwMj  have  juft  now  informed  me,  that  that  Party  is  taken  and 
defeated  ;  they  were  Eight  in  Number,  o.nc  whereof  was  Mr, 
de  'Jumonville.  One  of  that  Party,  Monceau  by  Name,  a  Cuno;^ 
dian^  made  his  Elcape,  and  tells  us  that  they  had  built  thrm- 
ielvesCabbins,  in  a  low  Bottom,  where  ihey  (heltcrcd  tl\^m-> 
fclves,  as  it  rained  hard.  About  feven  o'Clock  the  ntAt  Morn- 
ing, they  fr>w  theiTi'elves  furrounded  by  the  £«^///2>on  oneSid« 
and  the  Ind  am  on  the  Other.  The  Englijh  gave  them  two 
Volleys,  b  it  the  Indians  did  not  fire.  Mr.  de  Jumonville^  by  his 
Interpret!  ,  told  thejn  to  dclill,  that  he  had  fomething  to  tell 
them.  Li  (on  which  they  ccafed  fii  ing.  Then  Mr.  de  Jumon^ 
vitle  ordered  the  Summons  which  1  had  fent  them  to  retire,  to 
be  read  ;  a  Copy  of  which,  I  here  fend  your  Honour.  The 
aforcfaid  iWa/iiffla,  faw  a'.l  our  Frenchmen  coming  up.  clofe  to 
yit.  de  Jumottville,  whilftthey  were  reading  the  Summons,  fo 
that  they  were  all  in  Platoons,  between  the  Englijh  and  the  /«- 
dianst  during  which  Time,  f4id  Monceau  made  the  bcft  of  his 
Way  to  us,  partly  by  Land  through  the  Woods,  and  partly 
along  the  River  Menaurgaheia,  m  a  fmall  Canoe. 

This  is  all.  Sir,  I  could  learn  from  friid  A/swr^rw.  The  Mis- 
fortune is,  that  our  People  were  furi>r  zed ;  the  Englijh  had  in- 
circled  them,  and  came  upoVi  them  uufeen. 

I  have  this  Moment,  Sir,  received  a  Letter  from  M.  de  la 
Chuuvigneriey  which  you  have  here  inclofed,  where  you  will 
fee,  that  we  have  certainly  loft  Eighi  Men,  one  of  whdm  is 
Mr."  de  Jumonville. 

The  Indians  who  were  prefent  when  the  Thing  was  done,  fay, 
that  Mr.  de  Jumonville  wis  killed  by  aMufket-^Shot  in  theHead, 
whilft  they  were  reading  the  Summons ;  and  that  the  Englijh 
would  afterwards  have  killed  ail  our  Men,  had  not  the  Indians 
who  wo-e  |)refeiit,  by  ruftiing  in  between  tbemand  the  Englijhy 
prevei^ted  their  l>efign.  Meffrs.  Drouillon  and  la  Force^  are  taken 
Prifoners.  We  cannot  ^ell,  if  Meffrs.  de^Boucerville  and  du  Sa- 
ile^  both  Cadets,  are  in  the  Number  of  the  Light  who  arc  kil- 
led.    This  is  the  Account  which  the  Indians  have  given  us. 

I  believe,  Sir,  it  will  furprize  you  to  hear  how  bafely  the 
^£«^//^  have  adled ;  it  is  what  was  nev,er  feen,  even  amongft 
Nations  who  are  the  leaft  civilized,  to  fall  thus  upon  Embafla- 

dors, 


■k^.,' 


1 1 


M^ 


>' 


/, 


•'*' 


(    70    )  ; 

idors  and  murcler  them,  ^be  Indians  ire  fc  enraged^ thereat,  that 
thi-y  I)  ive  r4>i)!icd  lo  we  for  Liberty  to  fall  upon  the  EngUfln  I 
had  (em  Crop-^ivin^  a.'i  Itieiian  Chief,  to  hold  a  Council  at  his 
Village,  nil  (he  Aftiun  aforci'aid  j  b»it  he  is  returned,  and  is  now 

corrft.-mtly  wiili  me. 

The  Enyli/h  are,  no  Doubt,  on  their  March,  with  an  Army 
of  Fix  f  Ihcniiand  ftroiig.  The  hdicms  layy  they  have  always 
Six  Huiiili -li  \ien  j^oingbefoie,  in  oidcr  to  clear  a  Broad- Road, 
to  liiiM:Mip  I'r  .It;;,  CminDn  ;  this  was  the  Incitan  Expreihon  As 
1  am  ccirani  \\\t  F.'icjylj  •-y.  in  their  March,  I  wrote  to  M.  Pean 
to  coin!- I  '  lit- wiih  ;ii!  i;ii.gepce  with  the  Provifions,  and  to 
fi  id  usTiuoc  Mjtuiif.d  fv''.'i\,  titlier  l>y  Land  or  by  Water.  I 
al  o  \vrotc  toiVl.  rtfVC/vr.yWT'i///-,  that,  it  IM.  Pem  was  not  at 
T^'idi-i'H'tiiri,  ho  jlioijl''  r.iji.c  with  t'nc  lanu-.  fif umber  of  Men,  a« 
1  vxnitc  roM,  PiiiJ>:  i   r.  *  . 

It  the-  Diicovcjy  whi'-h  ha^  ro.ft  our  Pe>i,  Ic  fo  dear,  Vtid  not 
been  n>-':'li-.  the  kri'^^iijh  vvouki  n^iCe  c^nic  upon  us  unawares;^ 
but  now  we  ihatl  be  viiiiiaiit  <m  ;>!!  Accounts.  VVe  arc  ^oldthat 
the  Main-liotlv  of"  ilic  Ainiy  isyci  iai  iJiihint,  that  it  will  b«. 
one  '*'in!)iii  if  ait  nt'fcic  thry  if-a-h  ;hi.  PLce.  'Tis  f«iiu  iucjt 
^STG' ■i^^'•:v.^^TanariJj^lm,  u,' ihc  River  Monautlgahela.  This 
A'lv'ic'  vc-havc  Uom  t'nc  /«.-'(7«i,  uho  alfo  fay,  that  the  Eng- 
lij?}  hj\'.  yj-,-n  V^(^^)  Vcn  Co  ihi/fiws,  and  Thirty  Flat-Hrads, 
of  the-  ncii'elc  f>  uliciv.,  a!i.i  OneHundied  Men  of  the  Dog  Nu- 
iion  ;  \vhK-!ipiit:i  \\\tV'\  in  hi^-'n  Spiiits,-  as  they  are  aU  Enemiei 
to  tlie  In  J.  .'I".!  whfi  \\y:  '>n  \.\u-  ilivcr. 

'Tis  faiil  \\\zLn'Jjh  iinetui  to  build  a  Fort  half  a' Leagu* 
above  ns  'in;^  an.jtiu  r  a  !i.tijt:  more  than  hall  a  League  below 
U,  which  IS  at  ilicL/Vi/r-A't./,  hei-.dcs  anoiher  at  fcmefmall  Dif- 
tance  alonj^ihe  K.'Ci  /Jii/JTK^v^/Wtf,    on  the  fame  Side   that  w« 

are.*  • 

!  {hall  acquaint  your  Honour,  at  every  Opportunity,  ofevcrjj 
Thing  that  IS  done,  ^c.  \^'  -     ^' 

N  u  M  B.  vin. 

T'i??  fouRNAi.  f/"  Mj/V  Wafliingtonr 

ON  the  ^  ill  of  March,  I  receivecl  from  his  Honour  \ 
.  A  L.ieutenaflt  (.  olonc  I's  Commiflion,  of  the  Fir- 
ginia  Regiment,  Vvhtreot  J'fJm.t  Fry,  Efq;  was  Coionel, 
dated  jhe  j  5th  •,  with  Ortkrs  to  take  the  Troops,  which 
were  at  th  xt  Time  qu  irtercd  at  Akxandrin^  under  my 
Cptnmand,  and  to  march  with  them  tow.^rds  the  Ohio^ 
*  Governor  Dttfjuidiiu,  Ki  Firginiai  thCTC 


there  to  h( 
the  Poirefl 
Huftilities 

/Ipril  il 
murch  ao 
two  Com] 
hogy  and 
two  Serjei 
Hundred 
Gcntlemiii 
by  one  Li 
Soldiers. 

Welef 
{)ur  jC«;ni 
travelled  1 

(From 
this  Jourr 
how  they 
by  Cafjtai 

The  t 
Captam  1 
^ith  all  ^ 
Hundred 
Arrival  o 
"Whenl  r 
to  Colont 

The  2C 
Detachmi 
was  taker 
Mr.  fVar 
obliged  t( 
and  upwa 
who  was 
with  Sixt 
having  pi 
afterward 

■  Mr.  h 
ftcdfallly 


^.:- 


-■.'^'kdft,.- 


ij-8^*'''*'* "' 


ed thereat,  that 

the  Englii/ht     I 

Council   at  hit 

neJ,  and  it!  now 

with  an  Army 
:y  have  always 
r  a  Broad-  Road, 

Expreilion  As 
/rote  to  i\4.  Pean 
vifions,  and  to 
by  Water.     I 

nn  was  not  at 
ibcr  of  Men,  a« 

dear,    hid  not 
us  unawares  ;, 
tVc  arc  ^old  that 
that   it  will   b« 

'Tis  f<tiu     iiic^r 

ungahtla.     This 

,  that  the  Eng- 

irty   Flat-Htads^ 

of  the  Dog  Na- 

are  all  Enemiei 

:  half  a'  Leaguip 
I  League  below 
t  fcmefmall  Dif- 
le  Side   that  wc 

irtmilty,  ofcveif 


gton. 

I  his  Honour  ^,^ 
n,  of  the  Fir' 
] ;  was  Colonel, 
Troops,  which 
•i.iy  under  my 
^^rds  the  Obht 
thcfrc 


(     71     )        .  ■ 
there  to  help  Captayj  Trent  to  build  Forts,  and  to  dcfen4 
the  l:*oireflion$  of  his/Majefty  againft  the  Attempts  and 
Humilities  of  the  French. 

April  the  2d,  livery  Thing  being  ready,  we  began  our 
march  according  to  our  Ordeis,  the  2d  of  Aprils  with 
two  Companies  of  Foot,'  commanded  by  Captain  Peter 
hog,  and  Lieutenant  Jacob  Vambraam^  fi'e  Subalterns, 
two  Serjeants,  fix  Corporals,  one  Drummer,  and  oiw 
Hundred  and  twenty  Soldiers,  one  Surgeon,  one  Sivedijh 
Gentlemitn,  who  was  a  Volunteer,  two  Waggons,  guarded 
by  one  Lieutenant,  Serjeant,  Corporal,  and  Twenty-five 
Soldiers.  .  *" 

We  left  Alexandria  on  Tuefday  Noon,  and  pitched 
t>ur  jCents  about  four  Miles'  from  Cameron^  having 
traveUed  fix  Miles. 

(From  the  :}d  of  Aprils  to  the  19th  of  faid  Month, 
this  Journal  only  contairis  the  March  of  the  Troops,  and 
how  they  were  joined  by  a  Detachment  which  was  brought 
by  Captain  Stevens.) 

The  19th,  Met  an  Exprefs  who  had  Letters  from 
Captain  Trent ^  at^he  Obio^  demanding  a  Reinforcement^ 
iwith  all  Sppfd,  as  he  hourly  expetUd  a  Body  of  Eight 
Hundred  French.  I  tarried  at  Job  Pearfal/'s  for  the 
Arrival  of  the  Troops,  where  they  came  the  next  Day. 
"When  I  rrcrivcd  the  above  Exprefs,  1  difpatchfd  a  Courier  . 
to  Colonel  /-ry,  to  give  him  Notice  o\  it. 

The  20th,  Came  down  to  Co\ond^re/apy  to  order  the 
Detachment,  and  on  my  Rout,  had  Notice  that  the  Fort 
was  taken  b,  the  French.  That  News  was  confirmed  by 
Mr.  fFart,  the  Enfign  of  Cap'^jn  Trent,  who  had  beett 
obliged  to  iurrendcr  \o  a  Body  of  One  Thoufand  French 
and  upwards,  under  tiie  Command  ot  Gaptain.Ccw/r^w^ar, 
who  was  cc-me  from  Venaxgo  (in  French,  the  Pcninfula) 
with  Jsxty  Battot's,  and  T'Inee  Hundred  Canoes,  and  who 
having  planted  eif^.hteen  fitcts  ot  Cannon  againft  the  Fort, 
attePivards  had  f^nt  him   a  Summons  to  depart. 

Mr.  Wart  alio  informed  me,  that  t\v*  Indians  kept 
(kcdfallly  aitached  to  our  Intereft.  He  jroughttwo  you*g 

■    .  InduM 


t 


m- 


'■ 


.■..ife«'"-- 


i'7t 


(      72      ) 

frtcitijfi  Men  with  hiii,  who*  were  Minffoes^  that  they 
mi;^Iu  have  the  Satistadion  to  fee  that  wc  were  marching 
with  our  Troops  to  tlieir  Succour. 

He  alio  delivtnd  mii  the  tollowing  Speech,  which  the 
Half'Knq  Lni  to  nis:  t-  ,  . 

•4  •  Frrt-ObiOf  Jpril  i%th^   '754' 

A  Speech  /rcw  v^f  Half  Ki  g,    for  the  Governor}  of 
Virginia  and  ''cnnfylvania. 

MY  Brethren  the  En^ljh  '  The  Bearer  will  let  you 
underftand  in  what  vlantier  the  French  have  treated 
US,  We  waited  a  long  lime,  thinking  they  would  come  and 
attack  us  ;  we  now  ke  how  ihey  have  a  Mind  to  ufe  us  §. 
We  are  now  ready  to  fall  upon  them,  waiting  oM'/  for 
your  Succour.  Have  good  Courage,  and  come  as  foon 
as  pofTible  ;  you  will  Bncj  us  as  ready  to  encounter  witk 
them  as  you  are  your f elves. 

We  have  fent  thofe  two  young  Men  to  Tee  if  you  are 
ready  to  come,, and  if  fo,  they  arc  to  return  to  iis,  to  let 
us  know  where  you  are,  that  we  may  come  and  join  you. 
"We  (hould  be  glad,  if  the  Troops  btlongirg  to  the  two 
Provinces  could  meet  together  at  the  Kort  which  is  in  the 
Way.  If  you  do  not  coine  to  our  Afliftance  now,  we  are 
intirely  undone,  and  imagine  we  fhall  never  meet  together 
again.     I  fpealc  it  with  a  Heart  full  of  Grief, 

A  Belt  ot  fVdippu^.\\ 

The  Half-King  difefled   to  me  the  tollowing  Speech.' 

.  I  am  reiady^  if  yoU  think  it  proper,  to'jgo  xCf  both  rfie 

Governors,  with  thefe  two  yoiing  Men,  for  I  haychow 

no  more  Dependance  on  thoftj  who  have  been  gone  fo  longi, 

'  without  returringqp  fendiing  any  McffagQ. 

"  ;  .  J  Belt  of  fFampum.    . 

''April 

i  Thh  TM/  Kirg  was  an  I^vfiar^Chief  to  whom  ^tEngliJh  had 

.  giJ'en  that  Title,  and  had  fl^t.him  on  e;«cccc!ingl>  againft  the  French. 

J  fifhold  here  is  a  ConfJrlHon  of  that  Goodnei"S;  witj»  Which  the 

French  had  treated  the  lnditi>  %  which   h  id  revolted.     Thofe  Indians 

cxpedtcd  to/be  porfucd  ;  fiirpuztd  at  the  Indulgence  oi  iY^eFren.^,. 

-  they  propore  to  atuck  them  ti.  infclves,  and  act^uainc  the  £/.;g<'^  of 

th;;ir  Refulutibn. 


M,  that  they 
ivere  marching 

;ch,  which  the 


8 /A,   1754.- 
Governor^  of 

rcr  will  let  you 
ch  have  treated 
fould  come  and 
ind  to  ufe  us  §« 
aiting  oMy  for 
J  come  as  fopn 
encounter  laitk 

fee  if  you  arc 
n  to  lis,  to  let 
e  and  join  you. 
,irg  to  the  two 
:  which  is  in  the 
ice  now,  we  are 
r  meet  together 
ef, 

ot  fVdnipu^.,^ 
lowing  Speech. 
;o  .t(y  both  riic 
for  1  haKe  how 
rn  gone  fj  longji 

9f  fVampMtn.    . 
^jlprii 

m  thc£«p/y*  had 
jainft  the  F'ench. 
1^;  witb  Which  ths 
;d.  i'hcfe  Indians 
!nce  of  |he  frenrS,_ 
iiainc  ihc  E,:glijh  of 


w 


(     73     )  •      .  •,.    ~ 

April  43d.  A  Council  of  War  held  at  WilU-Cntk^ 
in  order  to  confult  upon  what  muft  be  done  on  Account 
of  the  News  brought  by  Mr.  Wart^ 

The  News  brought  by  Enfign  }Vart^  having  been 
examined  into,  as  alio  the  Summons  fent  by  Captain  Con- 
trecoeur^  Commander  of  the  French  Troops,  and  the 
Speeches  of  the  Half-King^  and  of  the  other  Chiefs  of  the 
Six-Nations  %  it  appears,  that  Mr.  IVarty  was  forced  to 
furrender  the  faid  Fort,  the  1 7th  of  this  Inftant,  to  the 
French^  who  were  above  One  Thoufand  ftrong,  and  had 
eighteen  Artillery  Pieces,  fome  of  which  were  nine  Poun- 
ders f ,  and.alfo  that  the  Detachment  of  the  Virginia  Re- 
giment, amounting  to  One  Hundred  |nd  Fifty  Men, 
commanded  by  Colonel  fVaJhington  had  Orders' to  rein- 
force the  Company  of  Captain  Trent^  and  that  the  afore- 
faid  Garrifon  confided  only  of  Thirty- three  efFedlive  Men. 

It  was  thought  a  Thing  imprafticable  to  march  towards 
the  Fort  without  fufficient  Strength  *,  however,  being 
(Irongly  invited  by  the  Indians^  and  particularly  by  the 
Speeches  of  the  Half-King^  the  Prefident  giave  his  Opinion, 
that  it  would  be  proper  to  advance  as  far  as  Red-Stoni' 
Creeks  on  Monaungabela,  about  Thirty-feven  Miles  on 
this  Side  of  the  Fort,  and  there  to  raife  a  FortiBcation, 
clearing  a  Road  broad  enough  to  pafs  with  all  our  Artillery 
and  our  Baggage,  and  there  to  wait  for  frefti  Orders. 

The  Opinion  aforefaid  was  refolved  upon,  for  the 
following  Reafons  •, 

ijiy  That  the  Mouth  of  Red-Stone  is  the  firft  con- 
venient Place  on  the  River  Monaungahela. 

2dy  That  Stores  are  already  built  at  that  Place  for  the 
Provifions  of  the  Company,  wherein  our  Ammunition  n^ay 
be  laid  up  •,  our  great  Guns  may  be  alfo  fent  by  Water 
w  'eneverwt  (hould  think  it  convenient  to  attack  the  Fort. 

3u,  We  may  eafily  (having  all  thefe  Conveniences) 
preferve  our  People  from  the  ill  Confequences  of  Inadion, 
and  encourage  the  Indians  our  Allies,  to  remain  in  our 

L  Intereft. 

t  Captain  Trtnt,  and  Enfign  Wart  had  greatly  exaggerated  the 
Trench  Forces.  Which  is  common  enough  tor  People  to  do,  who 
abandon  their  Fort  at  a  bare  bummons. 


^. 


*"»■ 


•■■  4.-^«,  ,.^(ft-^— ...i-vi-  ,-  , 


:<T^-    .... 


'"»>'<  ' i'llimil^lpl^^tii     J.fl|>i|yiin>  ■«>■■«  «n.     ■iii^i  iiymii    uw»iynt IB 


Wx 


*v 


(     74    ) 

Intcrefts.  Whereupon,  I  fcnt  Mr.  fFarf  to  the  Govcri« 
nor,  t,  with  one  otthe  young  Indians  and  an  Interpreter  : 
1  thought  ir  proper  alfu  to  aconaint  the  Governors  of 
Maryland  and  Pennf)hania  of  the  News  ;  and  I  fent 
away  the  other  Indian  to  the  Half-Kingt  with  the 
Speeches  inclofcd  in  the  following  Letter, 

*ro  tbt  Honourable  Robert  Uinmddic,  Efq\  Governor ^  C^e. 

S    I    R, 

MR.  fVarty  an  Enfign  of  Captain  Trent's  Company, 
is  this  Day  come  from  Monaungahela^  anil  has 
brought  the  forrowful  News  of  tlv*  Redu^ion  of  the  Fort, 
on  the  17th  of  this  Inft.mi  ;  having  been  fummoned  by 
Captain  Contrecofur  to  furrtnder  to  a  Body  of  French 
1  roops  who  were  a  Thoufand  (Irong,  who  came  from 
Venango^  with  eighteen  Fitces  of  Cannon,  fixty  Battoes, 
andTiiree  Hundred  Canoes  ;  they  permitted  all  our  Men 
to  retirf,  and  take  with  them  their  Working-Tools  cut 
ot.the  Fort,  which  was  done  the  fame  Day. 

Upon  receiving  this  News,  I  called  a  Council  of  War, 
in  order  to  coiil'ult  what  was  the  bed  to  be  done  in  fuch 
Circumflances  ;  and  have  fent  you  a  particular  Account 
of  evt-ry  Fhing  agreed  upon  at  the  faid  Council  by  the  fame 
Exi)refs  that  you  may  know  Things  yet  more  particularly. 

Mr  (Vart  is  the  Ikarer  of  the  Summons,  asalfo  of  the 
Speech  from  the  Half- King^  wherein  1  inclofed  the  Wam- 
pum -,  he  is  in  Company  with  one  ot  thofe  Indians  men- 
tioned in  the  Speech,  who  had  been  fent  to  fee  our  Forces, 
and  to  know  what  Time  they  might  expeA  us  \  the  other 
Indian^  1  have  lent  back  with  a  Meflage.  I  hope  you  will 
find  it  neceflfary,  co  fend  us  our  Forces  as  foon  as  they  arc 
raifed,  as  alfo  a  fufficient  Number  of  Canoes,  and  other 
Boats  with  Decks  ;  fend  us  alio  fome  Mortar- Pieces,  that 
we  may  be  in  a  Condition  to  attack  the  French  with  equal 
Forces.  And  as  we  are  informed  that  the  Indians  of  the 
5Vx  Nations^  and  the  Outawas,  are  coming  down  Sciodt- 
Creek\  in  order  to  join  the  French  who  are  to  meet  at  the 
Ohio  ;  fo  I  think  it  would  not  be  amifs  to  invite  the 
t  /ijc  Goveraof  of  Firgm*  is  Jxere  uaderfiood.        Cberokte* 


*f)  Oa./V^  ^^<**-* 


Hu.  ift 


««i>  *■(  •% 


.-•  ^./. 


%■■■ 


JT/I 


'¥  «.«, 


'J?iV/ 


i>t*>- 


Am 


«>s 


Cherokee 

Afliftanc 
iii  no  go 
of  the  Si 
them  to 
fhould  nr 
and  turn 

Wcfii 
riage,  v 
Number 

This  1 
7r/»/,  w 
Troops  ; 
Itno  Shii 
Pay;  fr, 

To  his  E: 
S  I 

I  AM  I 
andF 
the  remai 
however, 
clearing  t 
the  great 
as  Red-S 
Thirty-fi 
have  tak 
carried  a 
Ohio  Ci 
and  Pro 
Befid( 
Reafon 
heard,  1 
alfb  lean 
wais  In 
order  to 

fne  r.jad 


iji^^^f^ 


•m^ 


0  the  Cover* 
Interpreter  : 
Governors  of 
and  I  fenc 
\gf    with  the 


•    t 

/'s  Company, 
hela^  anil  has 
m  of  the  Fort, 
fummoned  by 
iy  of  Freucb 
ho  came  from 
fixty  Battoes, 
ed  all  our  Men 
.ing-Tools  out 

• 
• 

juncil  of  War, 
le  done  in  fuch 
icular  Account 
)cil  by  the  fame 
>re  particularly, 
s,  as  alfo  of  the 
ofed  the  Wam- 
fe  Indians  men- 
fee  our  Forces, 
k  us  \  the  other 
1  hope  you  will 
foon  as  they  are 
[loes,  and  other 
rtar-Pieces,  that 
'emh  with  equal 
e  Indians  of  the 
jg  down  Sciodt' 
t  to  meet  at  the 
lifs  to  invite  the 
i,       Cberokttt 


*''/ 


U* 


'    ''    (     75    )  '  ' 

Cherehes,  CatatohaSy  and  the  Chickafaws  to  come  to  our 
Affiftance  i  and  as  I  have  rtceivcci  Inttlligcncr,  that  there 
iti  no  good  Undcrftanding  between  them  and  the  Indians 
of  the  Six  Nations  aforelaid,  it  would  be  well  to  pcrlwade 
them  to  make  a  J'cace  with  them  j  otherwitc  if  they 
(hoiild  meet  at  the  Ohio,  it  might  caufe  great  Diforder, 
and  turn  out  to  our  Uifadvaniage. 

We  find  the  great  Advantage  there  is  in  Water-Car^ 
riage,  wherefore,  I  would  remind  you  to  provide  a 
Number  of  Boats  for  that  Purpofc. 

This  Day,  arrived  the  Men  belonging  to  Captain 
7rr»/,  who  by  your  Orders  had  been  inlift.o  as  Militia- 
Troops  •,  the  Officers  having  imprudently  promifed  them 
*rno  Shillings  per  Day,  they  now  retufc  tofervc  for  Icfs 
Pay  i  fVart  Ihall  receive  your  Orders  on  that  Head. 

to  bis  Excellency  Horatio  Sharpe,  Governor  of  Maryland. 

S    I    R, 

I  AM  here  arrived  with  a  Detachment  of  One  Hundred 
and  Fifty  Men  :  Wc  daily  expedt  Colonel  Fry  with 
the  remaining  Part  of  the  Regiment  and  the  Artillery  \ 
however,  we  (hall  march  gently  a-crols  the  Mountains, 
clearing  the  Roads  as  we  go^,  that  our  Cannon  may  with 
the  greater  Eafe  be  fent  alter  us  •,  we  propofc  to  go  as  far 
as  Red-Stone  River y  which  falls  into  Monaungahela,  abuut 
Thircy-fcvcn  Miles  this  Side  of  the  Fort  which  the  French 
have  taken,  from  thence  all  our  heavy  Luggage  may  be 
carried  as  far  as  the  Ohio.  A  Store  is  built  there  by  the 
Ohio  Company,  wherein  may  be  placed  our  Amnuinition  .  - 
and  Provifions. 

Befides  die  French  Forces  above  mentioned,  we  have 
Reafon  to  believe,  according  to  the  Accounts  we  have 
heard,  that  another  Party  is  coming  to  the  Ohio  •,  wc  have 
alfo  learnt  that  Six  Hundred  of  the  CW/potf^iw  and  Olio- 
wais  Indians^   are  coming  d9W.n  th<;  River  Sciodo,  in 

order  to  join  them,  -rf  ^. 

"'  •  '  The    ■ 

S  How  can  the  ingliji  fay  that  Country  v  tM^^ir^  ?  Tbey  ha4  no* 
f  ne  P.jadieacling  to  it  from  their  Cojlonies.  ;      «, 

'^;   >^^.0^    ^^*-    ^"^    L^/(     (Q.4/,tr-«>      K^Af*^     v^A-*..A     /*// 

^-,  ^ 


\ 


»    ) 


.,,*«* 


(     76    ) 

The  following  ii  my  Anfwcr   vo  the  Speech  of  the 
Half- King  ; 

•*  To  the  Half  King,  and  to  the  Chiefs  and  Warriors 
of  the  Shajjanefe  and  Loups  our  Friends  and  Brethren.  I 
received  your  Speech  by  Brother  Bucksy  who  came  to  us  I 
with  the  two  young  Men  Hk  Days  after  their  Departure 
from  you.  We  return  you  our  greateft  Thanks,  and  our 
Uearts  arc  Bred  with  Love  and  Affedlion  towards  you,  in 
uratitudr  for  your  conftant  Attachment  to  us,  as  alfo  your  | 
gracious  Speech,  and  you;  wife  Counfels. 

This  young  Man  will  into:  m  you,  where  he  found  a 
fmall  Part  of  our  Army,  making  towards  you,  clearing  | 
the  Roads  for  a  prtrat  Number  of  our  Warriors,  who  are 
ready  to  follow  u :,'  with  our  great  Guns,  our  Ammuni- 
tion  and  Frovifions.     As'  I  delight  in  letting  you  know 
with  fpced  the  Thoughts  of  our  Heart,  I  fend  you  backj 
this  young  Man,  with  this  Speech,  to  acquaint  you  there- 
with, and  the  other  young  Man  1  have  fcnt  to  the  Gover- 
nor of  Virginia^  to  dv!t -cr  him  your  Speech  and  yourl 
Wfmpum,  and  to  be  an  hye-witnefsofthofe  Preparation?! 
we  are  making,  to  come  \x\  all  Haflte  to  the  Afliflance  of  I 
thofe    vhofe  Intered  is  as  dear  to  us  as  our  Lives.     Wcf 
know   rh?  Charadler  of  the  treacherous  Frf»fi>,  andouij 
Condud  ih.i!I  plainly  (hew  you,  how  much  we  have  it  atj 
*      Heart.     I  Ihall  not  be  fatisfied  if  I  do  not  fee  you  before  I 
all  our  Forces  are  met  together  at  the  Fort  which  is  in  thel 
Way  ;  wherefore,  I  defire,  with  the  greateft  Earneftnefs,! 
that  you,  or  at  lead  one  of  you,  would  come  as  foon  as| 
pofTible  to  meet  us  on  the  Road,  and  to.iffift  us  in  Council. 
I  prefcnt  you  with  thefe  Buhches  of  Wampum,  to  aflur.el 
you  of  the  Sincerity  of  my  Speech,  and  that  you  mayj 
remember  how  much  I  am  your  Friend' aud  Brother.'* 

Signed,     Washington, 

r  or   CONOTOCARIOUS  *. 

April  28.    Came  to  us  fome  Pieces  of  Cannon,  whiel 
were  taken  up  to  the  ^louth  of  Patter/en's  River.(^ 

^  .  '       (Troml 

,       .  '.:";■:''  '  *  I 

^  *  This  was  without  Doubt  an  I/rJlau  Name  that  Major  ff^a^ingto»\ 

had  taken,  to  pleafe  (hofe  hdiam  which  he  wanted  to  delude. 

^      tX'^MP   -vvvvtt-   L^t^^^>    ■fff^l^    (^tt-^i^^i^V^v^i 


J I 


Speech  of  the 

t 

ts  and  Warriors  1 
id  Brethren.  I ' 
who  came  to  us  I 
their  Departure 
rhanks,  and  our 
towards  you,  in 
5  us,  as  alfo  your  | 

ere  he  found  a 
ds  you,  clearing! 
arriors,  who  are 
I,  our  Ammuni" 
ctting  you  know  i 

1  fend  you  backl 
quaint  you  therc- 
"cnt  tothcGover- 
>pcech  and  your| 
hofc  Preparations 

the  Afliftance  of  I 
our  Lives.     Wc  • 

French,  and  ouii 
luch  we  have  it  at 
lot  fee  you  before  I 
art  which  is  in  thel 
cateft  Earneftncfs,! 
\  come  as  foon  asl 
ifijft  us  in  Council.! 
impum,  to  affurcl 
ind  that  you  may| 
aud  Brother.'* 
Wash?ngton, 
otocarious  *. 

of  Cannon,  whicl 

•fen's  River.^ 

(FromJ 

that  Major  Wa^ingttn\ 
ited  to  delude. 


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laboiic,  A 
[the  reft, 
llearn  wl 
Idefirous 
■down  an 
Ivenient  I 
I  we  coulc 
WalfKii 
Iwe  were 
Ithc  Fren 
Ito  do  *, 
Ithe  leaft 
The] 
I  where  w 
Ito  foitl  i 
I  up  to  th 
Then 
Jjng  us,  I 
jred  Mer 

out  in  a 

marchin 
iCarelitta 

TwoH 


+  Mr. 

I  Je  yumon 

three  otli 

WaflfingU 

•Ifth 

[Time;  ii 

Qrderi  w 


-?^w 


wmmmmmffipmKK 


(    77    ) 
(From  the  29th  of  Jpril,  to  the  nth  of  Mayy  thai 
Ijournal  only  contains  Marches,  and  Things  of  little  Con- 
Ifcquencc. ) 

May  the  nth.  Detached^  Party  of  Twenty-five  Men, 
jcommanded  by  Captain  Stfvens  and  Enfign  Peronie^  with 
jOrdcrs  to  go  to  Mr.  G//?'s,  to  enquire  where  La  Force  t, 
land  his  Party  were  ;  and  in  cafe  they  were  in  the  Neigh- 
Ibourhood,  to  ceafe  purfuing  and  to  take  care  of  then>felves. 
Il  alfo  ordered  them  to  examine  clofely  all  the  Woods  round 
labout,  and  if  they  ihould  find  any  Frenchman  apart  from 
Ithe  reft,  to  feizc  him  and  bring  him  to  us,  that  we  might 
llearn  what  we  could  from  him  ;  We  were  exceedingly 
Idefirous  to  know,  if  there  was  any  Poflibility  of  fending 
Idown  any  Thing  by  Water,  as  alfo  to  find  out  fome  con- 
jvenient  Place  about  the  Mouth  of  Red-StonC'-Credcy  where 
Iwe  could  tJuild  4  Fort,  it  being  my  Defign  to  falute  the 
IHalfKingy  and  to  fend  him  back  under  a  fmall  Guard  ; 
Iwe  were  alio  defirous  to  enquire  what  were  the  Views  of 
Ithe  Frencby  what  they  had  done,  and  what  they  intended 
Ito  do  *,  and' to  colled  every  Thing,  which  could  give  i& 
|lhe  lead  Intelligence.  <n 

The  1 2th,  Marched  away,  and  wentonarifing  Ground, 
jwhere  wehaltcd  to  dry  oiurfelves,  for  we  had  been  obliged 
Ito  ford  a  deep  River,  where  our  (horteft  Men  had  Wartcr. 
I  up  to  their  Arm -pits.  j  ' 

I  There  came,  an  Exprefs  to  i^s  with  Letters,  acquaint" 
ling  us,  that  Col.  Fry,  with  a  Detachment  of  One  Hund- 
Ired  Men  and  upward?,  was  at  Wincheflery  and  was  to  fee 
lout  in  a  few  Days  to  join' us  j  as^alfo,  that  Col.  Innis  v/is 

marching  with  Three  Hundred  and  Fifty  Men,  raifcd  in 
[Carolina  ;  that  it  wais  expected  Maryland  would   raifc 

Two  Hundred   Men,- and  that  P^»»i5'''y<M«/a  had  raifed 
r    •      •'    ■    '.-rv  -    .  Ten 

t  Mr.  t/e  la  force  was  one  of  the  frenchmen  who  accompanied  Mr- , 
\ie  JumonwUe,  and  about  the  Beginning  of  M'iy,  was  fent  out  witji 
three  oCasx  frenchmen  znd  (ome  InJians,  afur  Dcferters,  and  Major 
Wafi>ington  had  Knowledge  of  this  from  the  InMans. 

•  If  the  Englifi  were  ignorant  of  the  DeHgns  of  the  French  at  that 
Time  ;  it  cannot  then  be  faid,  that  their  Hcftilities  had  occafioned  ihe 
Qrders  which  Major  IVaJhingtoB  had  to  attack  them. 


r'l 


s^ 


( 


I 


.—  ^ 


mill  III   ix'maii 


r 


i.^. 


%    V 


*:4 


f 


(       78       )       ' 

ten  Toufand  Pounds  (equal  to  about  Fifty-two  tboufand 
Five  Hundred  Livres)  to  pay  the  Soldiers  raifcd  in  other 
Colonies,  as  that  Province  turnilheth  no  Recruits,  as  alio 
that  Governor  Shirley  had  fent  600  Men  to  harraf*  the 
French  in  Canada  •,  ♦  1  hope  that  will  give  them  fomc 
"Work  to  do,  and  will  flacken  their  fending  (o  n>any  Men 
to  the  Ohio  as  they  have  done. 

The  1 6th-,  Met  two  Traders,  who  told  us  they  fled  tor 
Fear  of  the  French,  as  Parties  of  them  were  otten  feen  to- 
wards Mr.  G/y?'s.  Thefe  Traders  are  of  Opinion,*  as  well 
as  many  others,  that  it  is  not  poflible  to  clear  a  Road  for 
any  Carriage  to  go  from  hence  to  Red-  Stone-Creek. 

The  17th,  This  Night  Mr'.  H^art  arrived  with  the 
young /»^M«  from  miliamjburg,  and  delivered  me  a 
Letter,  wherein  the  Governor  is  lo  good  as  to  approve  of 
my  Proceedings,  but  is  much  dilpleafed  with  Captain 
^rent,  and  has  ordered  him  to  be  tried,  for  leaving  his 
Men  at  the  Ohio  :  The  Governor  alfo  informs  me,  that 
Capt.  'Maclcay^  with  an  Independant  Company  of  100 
Men,  excluding  the  Officers,  were  arrived,  and  that  wc 
might  cxpedt  them  daily  1  and  that  the  Men  from  Nev)r 
Ycrk  would  join  us  within  ten  Days. 

This  Night  alfo  came  two  Indians  from  the  OhiOy 
who  left  the  French  Fort  five  Days  ago :  They  relate  that 
the  French  Forces  are  all  employed  in  buiWing  their  Fort, 
that  it  is  already  Breaft-high,  and  the  Thicknefe  of  twelve 
Feet,  and  filled  up  with  Earth  and  Stone,  6?f.  They 
have  cut  down  and  burnt  up  all  the  Trees  which  were 
about  it,  and  fown  Grain  inftead  thereof.  The  Indians 
believe  there  were  only  60Q  in  Number  •,  though  they 
fay  themfclves  they  are  800  :  They  expeft  a  greater 
Kumber  in  a  few  Days,  which  may  amount  to  160Q, 
then  they  fay  they  can  defy  the  Engliftt. 

The  18th,  The  Waters  being  yet  very  high,  hmdred 
me  from  advancing  on  Account  of  my  Baggage,  where- 
fore I  determined  to  fct  myfelf  in  a  Pofture  of  Defence 

'    again»i 

•  The  ^figlijb  ar?  ftcQ  tQ  atuck  enicty  wh?re. 


to  you. 


■-  (f* 


•**s*ifW^fei^, 


m^mim^'rf^/Wf" 


f'tfvo  Tboufani 
raifcd  in  other 
lecruits,  as  alio 
to  harrafs  the 
;ive  them  fome 
I  fo  many  Mea 

us  they  fled  for 
fc  otten  feen  to- 
) pinion,*  as  well 
[ear  a  Road  for 
me-Creek. 
rrivcd   with  the 

delivered  me  a 
as  to  approve  of 
;d  with  Captain 
,  for  leaving  his 
nforms  me,  that 
ompany  of  lOO 
:d,  and  thatwc 
VIen  from  Ncvir 

from  the  ObiOy 
They  relate  that 
ilding  their  Fort, 
licknefe  of  twelve 
tone,  6ff.  They 
frees  which  were 
>f.  The  Indians 
ler  •,  though  they 
ixpea  a  greater 
amount  to  i6oa, 

:ry  high.  Kindred 

Ba^age,  wherc- 

ofture  of  Defence 

',  againfi; 

cry  wh^re. 


(    79    )   • 
againft  any  immc(Jiate  Attack  from  the  Enemy,  -}-  and 
went  down  to  obfervc  the  River. 

The  1 9th,  I  difpatched  the  young  Indian  which  was 
returned  with  Mr.  ff^art,  to  the  Half  King,  with  the  fol- 
lowing Speech. 

TV //&tf  Half  King,  Gff.  ^'J 

My  Brethren^  , 

TT  gives  me  great  Pleafure,  to  learn  that  you  are  marching  to 
■^  affill  me  with  your  Counfels  ;  be  of  good  Courage,  my  Brc 
thren,  and  march  vigoroufly  towards  your  Brethren  the Englifii 
for  frcfii  Forces  will  loon  join  them,  who  will  prote£l  you  againft 
your  treacherous  Enemy  the  French.  My  Friends  whom  [fend 
to  you,  will  acquaint  you  of  an  agreeable  Speech  which  the  Go- 
vernor of  Virginia  addrefles  to  you  :  He  is  ver}'  forry  for  the  bad 
Ufage  you  have  received.  The  great  Waters  do  not  permit  us 
to  make  fuch  Hafte  towards  you  as  we  would  do  ;  for  that  Rca- 
fon  I  have  fent  the  young  Men  to  invite  you  to  come  and  meet 
.us :  They  can  tell  you  many  Things  which  they  have  feen  in 
Virginioy  and  alfohow  well  they  were  received  by  the  moftPart 
of  our  Grandees  ;  they  did  not  ufe  them  as  the  French  do  your 
People  who  go  to  their  Fort  ;  §  they  refufe  them  Provifions  ; 
this  Man  has  had  given  him,  all  that  his  Heart  could  wifh:  For 
the  Conlfirmation  of  all  this.  I  here  give  you  a  Belt  oifFampum. 

The  20th,  Embarked  in  a  Canoe  with  Lieut.  JVeJi^ 
three  Soldiers,  and  one  Indian  *,  and  having  followed  the 
River  along  about  Half  a  Mile,  were  obliged  to  come 
aihoi-e,  where  I  met  Peter  Suver,  a  Trader,  who  feemed 
to  difcourage  me  from  feeking  a  Paffage  by  Water  ;  that 
made  me  alter  my  Mind  of  caufing  Canoes  to  be  madg  ; 
I  ordered  my  People  to  wade,  as  the  Waters  were  ihallow 
enough  ;  and  continued  myfelf  going  down  the  River  ia 
the  Canoe :  Now  finding  that  our  Canoe  was  toofmallfor 
fix  Men,  we  flopped  to  make  fome  Sort  of  a  Bark  j  with 
which,  together  with  our  Canoe,  we  gained  1'urkey-Feot, 
by  the  Beginning  of  the  Night.     We  underwent  feverat 

Difficulties 

t  It  has  been  feen  in  the  foregoing  Pieces,  that  this  pretended 
'Enemy  had  no  Inclination  to  attack. 

^  This  is  the  only  bad  Ufage  this  pretended  Half -King  could  com- 
plain of :  The  French  were  not  willing  to  receive  in  their  Forts  fuch 
Indiatit  at  were  perfidious  and  evil-minded  :  It  may  be  feen  in  Rtbert 
htbti  Letter  hereafter,  how  the  French  ufed  the  Indiont, 


[9  'M 


■'\ 


I 


sssKe^i»iate?s.S3g? 


-  •**»&!- ta»&'^- 


8/. 


■  \       1  (     to     )  '  -.^ 

bifficultics  about  eight  or  ten  Miles  from  thence,  though 
of  no  great  Confequence,  finding  the  Waters  fometimes 
deep  enough  for  Canoes  to  pafs,  and  at  other  times  more 
Ihallow.  •  * 

The  2  ill,  Tarried  there  fome  Time  to  examine  the 
Place,  which  we  found  very  convenient  to  build  a  Fort, 
not  only  becaufe  it  was  gravelly,  but  alfo  for  its  being  at 
the  Mouth  of  three  Branches  of  fmall  Rivers  :  The  Plan 
thereof,  which  may  be  feen  here,  is  as  cxaft  as  could  be 
done,  without  Mathematical  Inftruments. 

We  went  about  two  Miles  to  obferve  theCourfe  of  the 
River,  which  is  very  ftrait,  has  many  Currents,  is  full  of 
Rocks,  and  rapid  ;  we  waded  it,  though  the  Water  was 
pretty  high,  which  made  me  think  it  would  not  be  diffi- 
cult  to  pafs  it  with  Canoes. 

We  alfo  found  other  Places  where  the  Wafer  was  rapid, 
but  not  fo  deep,  and  the  Current  fmoother ;  we  eafily 
pafled  over  them-,  but  afterwards  we  found  little  or  fcarce 
any  Bottom  :  There  are  Mountains  on  both  Sides  of  the 
River.  We  went  down  il.c  River  about  ten  Miles,  when 
at  laft  it  became  fo  rapid  as  to  oblige  us  to  come  afhore. 
'  {From  the  zid  to  the  i/^tb^  the  Journal  contains  only  a 
Difcription  of  the  Country.) 

The  24th,  This  Morning  arrived  an  Indian,  in  Com- 
pany with  him  I  had  font  to  the  Half  King,  and  brought 
me  the  following  Letter  from  him. 

V.       To  any  of  his  Majejlys  Officer i  wham  thefe  may  concern. 

AS  'tis  reported  that  the  Frtnch  Army  Is  fct  out  to  meet  M. 
George  IVaJhingion,  I  exhort  you,  my  Brethcrn,  to  guard 
againft  them ;  for  they  intend  to  fall  on  the  firft  Engitjh  they 
meet  H  ;  they  have  been  on  their  March  thefe  two  Days  ;  the 
Half  King,  and  the  other  Chiefs,  Will  join  you  Within  five 
Days,  to  hold  a  Council,  though  we  know  not  the  Number  we 
(hall  be.  I  ftiall  fay  no  more  j  but  remember  me  to  my  Brethren 
theEngliJh..  Signed,      37)*  Half-King. 

II  Obferve  the  Craft  of  this  Mian  !  It  has  been  proved  that  M.  dt 
Contrccoeui-  tarried  at  Fort  Ju  i^tefne  j  as  to  Mr.  de  Jumanniille,  this 
cannot  concern  him,  feeing  he  did  not  fetou'.  bsfore  the  23d,  and  hit 
Inilru£lians  have  been  already  feen. 


me. 


»«»'«***k. 


««««H^,"«lS*<atW»r=-'S>««^^te»^'5»*S8SKp^ 


thence,  though 
atcrs  fometimes 
ither  times  more 

to  examine  the 
:o  build  a  Fort, 
)  for  its  being  at 
ivcrs :  The  Plan 
ica£t  as  could  be 

theCourfeof  the 
irrents,  is  full  of 
b  the  Water  was 
3uld  not  be  diffi- 

Vafer  was  rapid, 
lother  i  we  eafily 
nd  little  or  fcarce 
30th  Sides  of  the 
ten  Miles,  when 
to  come  afliorc. 
al  contains  only  a 

Indian^  in  Com- 
4g,  and  brought 


e  may  concern. 
:l  out  to  meet  M. 
Brethcrn,  to  guard 
e  firft  Englljh  they 
:fe  two  Days  ;  the 
n  you  within  five 
ot  the  Number  we 
me  to  my  Brethren 
he  Half-King. 
I 

en  proved  that  M.  dt 

.  de  Jumonnjille,    this 
fore  the  23  J,  and  hii 


EU' 


(       82        ) 


■«■ 


*.,/• 


I  Examined  thofe  two  young  Ind'iam  in  the  bed  Man- 
ner I  could,  concerning  every  Liicumftance,  but  was  noC 
much  the  better  fatisficd. 

They  fay  there  are  Parties  of  them  often  out,  but  they 
do  not  know  of  any  confidcrable  Number  coming  this 
Way.  *  The  French  continue  raifing  their  Fort,  that  Part 
next  to  the  Land  is  very  well  inclofed,  but  that  next  to 
the  Water  is  much  nrglefted,  at  Jeaft  without  any  De- 
fence •  They  have  only  nine  Pieces  of  Cannon,  and  fome 
of  them  very  fmall,  and  not  one  mounted.  There  are 
two  on  the  Point,  and  the  others  lome  Diftance  from  the 
Fort  next  to  the  Land. 

They  relate  that  there  are  many  fick  among  them,  that 
they  cannot  find  any  Indians  to  guide  their  Imall  Parties 
towards  our  Camp,  thefc  Indians  having  refufed  them. 

The  fame  Day  at  Two  o'clock,  we  arrived  at  the 
Meadows,  where  we  faw  a  Trader,  who  told  us  that  he 
came  this  Morning  from  Mr.  G(/?'s,  where  he  had  feen 
two  Frenchmen  the  Night  before ;  and  that  he  knew  there 
was  a  ftrong  Detachment  out,  which  confirmed  the 
Account  we  had  received  from  tht Hal/ King:  Wherefore 
I  placed  Troops  behind  two  natural  Intrcnchments, 
where  our  Waggons  alfo  entered. 

The  25th,  Detached  a  Party  to  go  along  the  Roads, 
and  other  fmall  Parties  to  the  Woods,  to  lee  if  they  coii-ld 
make  any  Dilcovery.  I  gave  the  Horfe-men  Orders  to 
examine  the  Country  well,  and  endeavour  to  get  fome 
News  of  the  French,  of  their  Forces,  and  of  their  Moti- 
ons, 6ff. 

At  Night  all  thefe  Parties  returned,  without  having ' 
difcovercd  any  thing,  though  they  had  been  a  great  way  to- 
wards the   Place  from  whence  it  was  faid  the  Party  was 
coming. 

The  26th,  Arrived  William  Jenkins  ;  Col.  Fry  had 
fenthim  with  a  Letter 4r(jfnfCol.  Fairfax,  which  informed 
me,  that  the  Governor  himfelf,  as  alio  Colonels  Corbin 
and  Ludwell,  were  ai^rived  at  IVincbeJltr,  and  were  defir- 
ous  to  to  fee  the  Half  King  there,  whereupon  I  fcnt  him 
an  Account  thereof.  M  The 

♦  A  new  fro.f  of  the  f  alfehood  ot  this  Letter. 


tf-^H^wtiiiiaitffifyttiS  j;-^ 


'iiiMiri^iii'"^"'f' "•"" 


,,.,^^ir^'<'m;^!^''!si!r»i/m^'^pfli^^^'*'' 


f  # 


I 
I: 


nm*m>»'nt>nm  ■ 


(       82       ) 


The  27th,  Arrived  Mr.  G(/?,  early  in  the  Morning* 
who  told  us,  that  Mr.  la  Force^  with  fifty  Men,  whof- 
Tracks  he  had  feen  five  Miles  off,  had  been  at  his  Plan- 
tation the  Day  before,  towards  Noon  -,  and  would  have 
killed  a  Cow,  and  broken  every  Thing  in  the  Houfc,  if 
two  Indians^  whom  he  had  left  in  the  Houfe,  had  not 
perfuaded  them  from  their  Defign  ;  I  immediately  detach- 
ed 6s  Men,  under  the  Command  of  Captain  Hog^  Lieut; 
Mercery  Enfign  PeroniCy  three  Sergeants,  and  three  Cor- 
porals, with  Inftrudlions. 

The  French  enquired  at  Mr.  GiJi*Sy  what  was  become 
of  the  Half  King  ?  I  did  not  fail  to  let  the  young  Indians  ^ 
who  were  in  our  Camp  know,  that  the  French  wanted  to 
kill  the  Half  King  i  and  that  had  itsdefiredEffeftt-  They 
thereupon  offered  to  accompany  our  People  to  go  after 
the  French^  and  if  they  found  it  true  that  he  had  beert 
killed,  or  even  infulted  by  them,  one  of  them  would  pre- 
fently  carry  the  News  thereof  to  the  Mingoes^  in  order  to 
incite  their  Warriors  to  fall  upon  them.  One  of  thefd 
young  Men  was  detached  towards  Mr.  Ciji*s  ;  that  if  he 
ihbuld  not  find  the  Half  King  there,  he  was  to  fend 
a  Msflageby  a  Delaware. 

About  eight  atJEight,  received  an  Exprefs  from  the 
Half  Kingy  which  intornied  me,  that,  as  he  was  coming 
to  join  us,  he  had  feen  along  the  Road,  the  Trafls  of  two 
Men,  which  he  had  followed,  till  he  was  brought  thereby 
to  a  low  obfcure  Place-,  that  he  was  of  Opinion  the  whole 
Party  of  the  F^-ench  was  hidden  there.  That  very  Mo- 
ment I  fent  out  Forty  Men,  and  ordered  my  Ammuni- 
tion to  be  put  in  a  Plafce  of  Safety,  under  a  flrong  Guard 
to  defend  it,  fearing  it  to  be  a  Stratagem  of  the  French  to 
attack  our  Camp  -,  and  with  the  reft  of  my  Men,  fet  out  in 
a  heavy  Rain  j  ahd  in  a  Night  as  dark  as  Pitch,  along  a 
Path  fcarce  broad  enough  for  one  Man  -,  we  were  fome- 
times  fifteen  or  twenty  Minutes'  out  of  the  Path,  before 
we  could  come  to  it  again  j  and  f6  Hark,  that  we  would 

'  '        '  often 

'    t  Major  Waftiington,  it  feemi,  did  nttfirHfU  $9  mak*  ufi^tf  an  Im- 
fofturt,  far  hire  ht  takti  Pridi  in  it.      •  -. 


often  ft 

tinued  < 

at  the  ] 

with  the 

them  to 

where  t\ 

Ground 

for  an  E 

the  Indii 

them,  a: 

upon  1 01 

by  that  c 

ctived  th 

Part  of 

Hour,  b 

Weki 

Party,  a: 

Twenty- 

Drouillon 

and  took 

marched 

Camp,  wl 

there  infc 

him,  and 

that,  he  c 

eminent  a 

uponf; 
Nations, 
He  fent  a 
and  gave 
young  Ni 
were  allot 
be  kept  f 
to  his  owi 
on  them  s 


S  Thertfi. 

*  Major ;^ 
But  the  Ett^ 

t  Allthti 
itattatkcd, 


^ 


le  Morning* 
Men,  whof- 
at  his  Plan- 
1  would  have 
he  Houfc,  if 
ufe,  had  not 
liately  detach- 
ti  Hog^  Lieut; 
nd  three  Cor- 

it  was  become 
roung  Indians 
neb  wanted  to 
IfFeaf.  They 
lie  to  go  after 
It  he  had  beert 
:m  would  pre- 
«,  in  order  to 
One  of  thefe 
(i*si  that  if  he 
ic  was  to  fend 

jrcfs  from  the 
he  was  coming 
Trafts  of  two 
rought  thereby 
nion  the  whole 
i'hat  very  Mo- 
ray Ammurii- 
i  ftrong  Guard 
■  the  French  to 
^en,  fet  out  in 
Pitch,  along  a 
ve  yitfc  fome- 
Path,  before 
hat  we  would 
often 

vai*  ufiif  an  Im- 


^ny*  ">^ 


(  83  ) 
often  ftrike  one  againft  another :  All  Night  long  we  con- 
tinued our  Rout,  and  the  28th,  about  Sun-rife,  we  arrived 
at  the  Indian  Camp,  where,  after  having  held  a  Council 
with  the  Half  Kingy  it  was  concluded  we  (hould  fail  on 
them  together  ;  fo  we  fcnt  out  two  Men  to  difcovcr 
where  they  were,  as  alfo  their  Pofture,  and  what  Sort  of 
Ground  was  thereabout;  after  which,  we  formed ourfelves 
for  an  Engagement,  §  marching  one  after  the  other,  in 
the  Indian  Manner :  We  were  advanced  pretty  near  to 
them,  as  we  thought,  when  they  difcovered  us  ;  where- 
upon I  ordered  my  Company  to  fire  j  mine  was  fupported 
by  that  of  Mr.  fTager^s,  and  my  Company  and  his  re- 
ceived the  whole  Fire  of  the  French^  during  the  grcateft 
Part  of  the  Aftion,  which  only  lafted  a  Quarter  of  an 
Hour,  before  the  Enemy  was  routed. 

We  killed  ?  Mr.  deJumonvilU^  the  Commander  of  that 
Party,  as  alfo  nine  others  }  we  wounded  one,  and  made 
Twenty-one  Prifoners,  among  whom  were  M.  la  Force,  M. 
Brouillony  and  two  Cadets,  The  Indians  fcalped  the  Dead, 
and  took  away  themoft  Part  of  their  Arms,  after  which  we 
marched  on  with  the  Prifoners  and  the  Guard,  to  the  Indian 
Camp,  where  again  I  held  a  Council  with  the  Half-King ;  and 
there  informed  him,  that  thcGovernor  was  dcfirous  to  fee 
him,  and  was  waiting  for  him  at  fVinchefter  \  he  anfwercd 
that,  he  could  not  gojuft  then,  as  his  People  were  in  too 
eminent  a  Danger  from  the  French,  whom  they  had  fallen 
upon  •\ ;  that  he  muft  fend  Meffengers  to  all  the  allied 
Nations,  in  order  to  invite  them  to  take  up  the  Hatchet. 
He  fent  a  youngDelaware  Indian  to  the  Delaware^  ation^ 
and  gave  him  alfo  a  French  Scalp  to  carry  to  them.  This 
young  Man  dcfired  to  have  a  Part  of  the  Prefents  which 
were  allotted  for  them,  but  that  the  remaining  Part  might 
be  kept  for  another  Opportunity  ;  He  faid  he  would  go 
to  his  own  Family,  and  to  feveral  others,  and  would  wait 
on  them  at  Mr.  Gift's,  where  he  defired  Men  and  Horfes 

fliould 

^  There/ore  ctrtain  it  it  that  the  Engliih  hadOrdert  ta  attack. 

•  M(i/»r;Walliington  takes  Care  here,  not  to  give  a  faithful  Account: 
I  "But  the  Eri^eaveur  he  makes  tojuftify  himfelf,  •will  be  feen  hereafter. 
I    t  All  their  Fear  was  from  the  French,  becaufe  they  knew  tbiy  had 
vt  atta  (ktJ,  and  thtj  wiuld  certainlj  rfvenge  (hemlelvti. 


% 


.*.. 


<;^raAii;iliia»r  *l»MinW»Mfc-irfrt'gliSliir  fiirift 


•f<ry,yi   ii— «r^«j|ll|iiinp»»l»^|IHIIJ 


(         84        ) 

(houW  be  fent  ready  to  bring   them   up  to  our  Camp. 
Afcirr  this  I  marched  on  with  the  Prifoners  •,  they  infermtd 
me  that  they  had  been  jent  with  a  Summons  to  order  me  t$ 
depart.     A  pUufible  Pretence  to  difcover  our  Camp  !U  and 
to  obtain  the  Knowledge  of  our  Forces  and  our  Situation! 
It  was  fo  clear  that  they  were  come  to  reconnoitre  what  wc 
were,  that  I  admired  at  their  Affurance,  when  they  told  me 
they   were  come  as  an  Embafly  •,  for  their  Inftruftions 
mentioned  that  they  (hould  get  what  Knowledge  they  could 
of  the  Roads,  Rivers,  and  of  all  the  Country  as  far  ai 
Potoivmack  :  And  inftead  of  coming  as  an  Embaflador, 
publicity,  and  in  an  open  Manner,  they  came  fecretly,  and 
fought  after  che  mod  hidden  Retreats  §,  more  like  Dcfer- 
ters  than  Embaffadors  in  fuch  Retreat  they  incamped,  and 
remained  hid  for  whole  Days  together,  and  that,  no  more 
than  five  Miles  from  us :  From  thence  they  fent  Spies  to 
rtonnoitre  our  Camp  \  after  this  was  done,  they  went  back 
two  Miles  from  whence  they  fent  the  two  Mcflengcrs 
fpuken  of  in  the  Inftruftion,  to  acquaint  M.  de  Contrecour 
of  the  I'lace  we  were  at,  and  of  our  Difpofition,  that  he 
r  ight  fend  his  Detachments  to  inforce  «  the  Summons  as 
fton  as  it  Ihould  be  given. 

uefidcs,  an  Embalfador  has  princely  Attendants  j 
wliereas  this  was  only  a  fimple  petty  French  Officer  ;  an 
Fmbaffidor  has  no  Need  of  Spies,  his  Charaftpr  being 
alwiys  f  icred  i  And  feeing  their  Intention  was  fo  good, 
•wh/  d  d  the/  tarry  two  Days,  at  five  Miles  diftance  from 
us  t,  without  acquainting  me  with  the  Summons,  or,  at 

l.aft, 

II  Then  I  find  that  the  enlv  Hofiility  the  French  can  bertproached  of, 
is,  the  endeavouring  to  difcover  an  E tie  my  'who  ivat  marching  •wilt 
Orders  to  attack  them. 

^  Why  this  Afology  in  a  hare  Journal  ?  Major  Walhington  onlj 
mf/fitou  fuch  Reproaches,  at  knoiung  others  have  a  Rigtt  to  reproach 
him  in  the  like  Manner. 

*  A  Schtnie  is  here  attributed  to  the  French,  tuhich  howevfr,  declarii 

only  regular  Procit  i  gs.    It  was  proper  to  fummon  the  Englifli  to  dfpart 

from  ike  'Territories  they  had  invaded,  before  ever  Force  ivas  uffd.    h 

is  the  Bufinefi  of  an  Emhufador  to  make  that  Summons,  and  he  muft  ali\ 

I  «.  quaint  the  Peijon  nuho  fends  him,  nuith  tjuhattver  is  dene,  that  if  in  Cajt 

.  tie  Englifti  had  refufed  tofatisfy  his  Demands,  he  might  take  hit  Mea/itri. 

'•eiccordiiigly. 

t  Mr.  dc  Jumonville  krww  not  tba  tbt  Englifli  ifiirtjivt  Millet  of> 


rfrt.'.i^^'iamnT-  -'  ■imijiiiart-'-"-'-""  ■-'*'''^  m^u-v^hmtf^^i^bsiaimtsimm 


ip  to  our  Camp, 
i  v  They  informed 
tj  to  order  me  t$ 
our  Camp  !|,  and 
nd  our  Situation! 
onnoitrc  what  wc 
hen  they  told  me 
their  Inftruftions 
/ledge  they  could 
!ouniry  as  far  ai 

an  Embaflador, 
ame  fecretly,  and 

more  like  Dcfer- 
ey  incamped,  and 
^nd  that,  no  more 
:hey  fent  Spies  to 
le,  they  went  back 
e  two  Mcflengc-rs 
■.M.  de  Contreccur 
ifpofition,  that  he 
•  the  Summons  as 

:ely  Attendants  \ 
rencb  Officer  ;  an 
5  Character  being 
ition  was  fo  good, 
liles  diftance  from 
Summons,  or,  at 
l.aft, 

h  can  be  reproached  of, 
'9  nvas  marching  •witi 

lajor  Walhington  cnlj 
ve  m  Right  to  reproach 

vhich  hoiuevtr,  declarit 
\on  the  Englifli  to  dffari 
ver  Force  ivai  uffd.  h 
\mmonf,  and  he  muJI  aid 
er  ii  done,  that  if  in  Cajt 
I  might  takt  his  Mea/un 

h  ititrtfivt  Milks  of. 


^•mmif^'mimffimmmm 


mmnm^\  iinmii 


(      85      ) 

Iraft,  with  fomcthing  that  related  to  the  Embafly  }  That 
alone  would  be  lufficic-nt  to  rji(e  the  g'  eatcft  Sufpicioni, 
a  id  wc  ought  to  do  them  the  Jullicf  to  fay,  that,  asthc/ 
wanted  to  hide  thcmfi'lvcs,  they  could  not  pick  out  better 
Places  than  they  had  done. 

The  Summons  was  fo  infolcnr,  and  favoured  the  Gaf- 
connade  fo  much,  that  if  it  had  bcin  brought  openly  by 
two  Men,  it  would  have  been  an  immediate  Indulgence, 
to  have  fuffered  thc.Ti  to  return  §. 

It  was  the  Opinion  of  the  Half -King  in  this  Cafe,  that 
their  Intentions  were  evil  ||,  and  that  it  was  a  pure  Pre- 
tence •,  that  they  never  intendfd  to  come  to  us  but  ai 
Enemies  •,  and  if  we  had  been  fuch  Fools  as  to  let  them 
go,  they  would  never  help  us  any  more  to  take  other 
Frenchmen. 

They  fay  they  called  to  us  as  foonasthey  had  difcovercd 
us  i  which  is  an  abfolute  Falfhood,  for  I  was  then  march- 
ing at  the  Head  of  the  Company  goirg  towards  them,  and 
can  pofitively  affirm,  that,  whv.n  they  fird  faw  us,  they 
ran  to  their  Arms,  without  calling  •,  as  I  mud  have  heard 
them,  had  they  fo  done. 

The  29th,  Dilpachcd  Enfign  Lateur  to  the  Half-King^ 
with  about  Twenty-five  Men,  and  almoft  as  manyHorfes  i 
and  as  1  expefted  fome  French  Parties  would  continually 
follow  that  which  we  had  defeated,  1  fent  an  Exprefs  to 
Colonel  Fry  for  a  Reinforcement. 

After  th\s  the  French  Prifoners  defired  to  fpeak  with  me, 
andaflcedmcin  what  Manner  I  looked  upon  them,  whether 
as  the  Attendants  of  an  Embaflador,  or  as  Prifoners  of 
War :  I  anfwercd  them  that  it  was  in  Quality  of  the  Lat- 
ter, and  gave  them  my  i^eafons  for  it,  as  above. 

The  3oih,  Detached  Lieutenant  ff^eji,  and  Mr.  Spin- 
dorphy  to  take  the  Prifoners  to  fVincheJiefy  with  a  Guard 
of  Twenty  Men. 

Began  to  raife  a  Fort  with  fmall  Pallifadocs,  fearing  that 
when  the  Frencb^^ovAA  hear  the  News  of  that  Defeat, 
we  might  be  attacked  by  confidcrable  Forces. 

June 

\  Jttother  Kind  ojExcu/t  luhicb  only  Jhit/us  his  Rimorfi, 

I  What  Jutborily  f^  ,•        .  /,        ' 


m 


■4Me-¥:ksi'i&^^i'  i 


.vtt^isMmmi^aimmijltiim 


^*^ik_- 


It.   ! 


I 


•       (     86     ) 

Junt  the  ift.  Arrived  here  an  Indian  Trader  with  the 
Half- King  :  They  faid  that  when  Mr.  de  JumopvilU  was,' 
ient  here,  another  l^arty  had  been   dctaclitd  towards  thcv' 
lower  Hart  of  the  River  *,  in  order  to  take  and.HiH  aII  the 
Engli/h  they  fhould  meet. 

Wc  are  finilhing  our  Fort.  .         ,   ^. 

Towards  Night  arrived  ^nfign  T'cwers,  with  the  Half- 
^'"Jf*  Qi>fen/^/^«/y)<;§,  and  about  Twenty  five  or  Thirty 
Famihes,  making  in  ail  about  Eight  or  One  Hundred  I'er- 
fons,  including  Women  and  Children.  The  old  King  f 
being  invited  to  come  into  our  Tents,  told  me  that  he  had 
fent  Monakatoocha  to  Log*%  Tcun,  with  Wampum,  and 
four  French  Scalps,  which  were  to  be  fent  to  the  Six  Nations^ 
to  the  fViendots,  ^c.  to  inform  them,  that  they  had  fallen 
upon  the  French^  and  to  demand  their  Afliftance. 

He  alfo  told  me  he  haiUbmething  to  fay  at  the  Council, 
biit  would  ftay  till  the  Arrival  of  the  Shawanefe,  whom 
wfe  cxpedted  next  Morning. 

.  The  2d,  Arrived  two  or  three  Families  of  the  Shawanefe : 
yJt  had  Prayers  in  the  Fort. 

,. .  The  3d,  The  Half-King  aflembled  the  Council,  and 
informed  me  that  he  had  received  a  Speech  from  Grand- 
Cbaudiere,  in  Anfwer  to  the  one  he  had  fent  him. 

The  5th,  Arrived  an  Indian  from  the  Ohio,  who  had 
lately  been  at  the  French  Fort :  This  Indian  confirms  the 
News  of  two  Traders  being  taken  by  the  French,  and  fent 
to  Canada  j  he  faith  thry  have  fet  up  their  Paliifadoes,  and 
fcnclofed  their  Fort  with  exceeding  large  Trees. 

Thei'e  are  eight  Indian  Families  on  this  fide  the  River, 
"dorhirig  to  join  us :  He  met  a  Frenchman  who  had  made 
hisEfcapein  the  Time  of  M.  deyumonville's  Aftion,  he 
was  without  either  Shoes  or  Stockings,  and  fcarce  able  to 
icalk  i  howe\rer  he  let  him  pafs,  not  knowing  we  had  fallen 
upon  them. 

The  6th,  Mr.  Gifl  is  returned,  and  acquaints  me  of  the 
fafe  Arrival  of  the  French  Prifoners  at  mnchefier,  and  of 
the  Death  of  poor  Colonel  Fry.  It 

§  An  Indian  Squaw  created  a  ^een 
t  Amtbir  Indian  Chief. 


tiriffi^'*^'^'^'^'''-^'*"^'' 


•  An  egregiaut  Faljhoad, 
h  *kt  Engliih. 


Mf 


t 


'»'. 


Pradcr  with  tFic 
Jumo^vilU  was.( 
It'll  towards  the* ' 
:  und.^ill  ullthc 

I 

,  with  the  Half- 
f  five  or  Thirty 
'Hundred  I'cr- 
^hc  old  King  f 
I  me  that  he  had 
Wampum,  and 
the  Six  Nations^ 
t  they  had  fallen 
Tiftancc. 
^  at  the  Council, 
%'wanefey  whom 

"the  Sbawanefe : 

le  Council,  and 
;h  from  Grand- 
cnt  him. 
OhiOf  who  had 
an  confirms  the 
renchy  andfent 
i^ailifadues,  and 
rces. 

Ide  the  River, 
who  had  made 
le's  Adion,  he 
fcarce  able  to 
)g  we  had  fallen 

laints  me  of  the 
cbe/ier,  and  of 

wcreattd  a  Sluttn 
bttf.    • 


(      87      )     ". 

It  gave  the  Governor  great  Satisfadion  to  fee  the  French 
Prifoncrs  fafcly  arrived  at  IVtncheper. 

I  am  alfo  informed  that,  M  r.  Montour  f,  is  coming  with 
a  CommifTion  to  command  Two  Hundred  Indians. 

Mr.  Gift  met  a  French  Deferter,  who  aflured  him,  that 
tl^ey  were  only  Five  Hundred  Men,  when  they  took  M/, 
Jf^ari*s  Fort,  that  the/  were  now  lefs,  having  (ent  Fifteen 
Men  toCanada^  to  acquaint  the  Governor  of  their  Succefs; 
That  there  were  yet  Two  Hundred  Soldiers  who  only 
waited  for  a  favourable  Opportunity  to  come  and  join  us. 

The  9th,  Arrived  the  laft  Body  of  the  Virginia  Regi- 
ment, under  the  Command  of  Colonel  A/«y?,  and  we  learnt 
that  the  Independanc  Company  ot  Carolina  was  arrived  at 
IVills-Creek. 

The  10th,  I  received  the  Regiment,  and  at  Night  had 
Notice,  that  fomc  French  were  advancing  towards  us 
whereupon  I  fent  a  Party  oi Indians  upon  the  Scout  towards 
G/)?*s,  in  order  to  difcoverthem,  and  to  know  their  Num- 
ber :  j  uft  before  Night  we  had  anAlarm,  but  it  provedfalfc. 

The  1 2th,  Returned  two  of  the  Men,  whom  we  had 
fent  out  Yefterday  upon  the  Scout  •,  they  difcovered  a  fmall^ 
Party  of  French  \  the  others  went  on  as  br  as  Stuart*  s. 
Upon  this  Advice,  I  thought  it  neccflfary  to  march  with 
the  major  Part  of  the  Regiment,  to  find  out  thofe  Ninety' 
Men,  of  whom  we  had  Intelligence,  Accordingly  I  gave 
Orders  to  Colonel  Muftt  to  put  away  all  our  Baggage  and 
Ammunition,  and  to  place  them  in  the  Fort,  and  fet  a 
good  Guard  there  till  my  Return  ;  after  which  I  marched'. 
at  the  Head  of  One  Hundred  and  Thirty  Men,  andabou^^ 
Thirty  Indians  i  but  at  the  Diftance  of  i^alf  a  Mile,  1  met* 
the  other  Indians ^  who  told  me,  there  were  only  nine. 
Deferters  j  whereupon  I  fent  Mr.  Montour,  with  fome  feyr^ 
IndianSy  in  order  to  bring  them  fafe  to  me  ;  I  caufed  theni 
to  bcdred,  and  they  confirmed  us  in  our  Opinion,  of  th|^'^ 
Intention  o(M.de  Jumonville^i  Party ;  that  more  than  One,' 
Hundred  Soldiers  were  only  waiting  for  a  favourable  Op-' 

portunity 

t  Tbu  is  the  Canadian-Deferter,  mintiontd  in  tit  E^aminAtitH  ef 


ff!  mnmufffflffmmiff 


T" 


inii<>iii.iiiy«w   .  li^lMf  I ij[^.<|pwwi<)t|l!i 


-'       1. 


(     88     ) 

portunity   to  come  and  join  iis  •,  that  M .  de  Co»trecour\ 
expcdted  a  Reinforcement  of  Four  Hundred   Men  ;  that 
the  Fort   was  compleated  j    and  its  Artillery  a  (hcjter  to 
its  Front  and  Gates  ;  that   there  was  a  double  Pallifadoc 
next  to  the  Water ;  that  they  have  only  eight  fmali  Pieces | 
of  Cannon  ;  and  know  what  Numb.-r  of  Men  we  are. 

They  alfo informed  us,  that  theDJaw/jr^and  Shawafteje^\ 
had  taken  up  the  Hatchet  againft  us  j  whereupon,  refolved 
to  invite  thofe  two  Nations  to  come    to  a  Council  at  Mr. 
Gr^'s.     Sent  for  that  I'urpofe  Meflengers  and  Wampum.| 
The  1 3th,  Perfwaded   the  Df^ferters  to  write  the  fol- 
lowing Letter,  to  thofe  of  their  Companions  who  had  an| 
Inclination  to  Defert  §. 

(It  is  not  in  the  Journal.)* 
The  15th,  Set  about  clearing  the  Roads. 
16th,  Set  cut  for  Red-Stofie-Cree kyind  were  extremely | 
perplexed,  our  Waggons  breaking  very  often. 

1 7th,  Difpatched  an  Exprefs  to  the  half-King,  in  order  toj 
perfwade  him  to  fend  a  Meffage  to  the  Loups  \  which  he  did.l 
■  1 8th,  Arrived  eight  Mittgoes  from  Loifioity  who  at  theirl 
Arrival  told  me  of  a  Commifllon  they  had,  and  that  al 
Council  muftbe  held.     "When  weafTembled,  they  told  uil 
very  Ihortly,  that  they  had  often  defired  to  fee  their  Brc-T 
thren  out  in  the  Field  with  Forces,  and  begged  us  not  to 
take  it  amifs,  that  they  were  amongft  the  French,  and 
that   they  complied  with  fome  of  their  Cuftoms  ;  nstH 
withftanding  which  they  were  naturally  inclined  to  fall  upon 
them,  and   other  Words  to  that  Purport :  After  which 
they  (aid,  they  had  brought  a  Speech  with  them,  and  defired 
to  deliver  it  with  Speed.     Thefe,  and  other  Difcourfes  t(\ 
the  fame  Purpofe,  made  us  fufpefl  that  their  Intention 
towards  us  were  evil  ;  wherefore  I  delayed  giving  then 
Audience  until  the  Arrival  of  the  Half-Kingy  and  defired 
idfo  the  Delawares  to  have  Patience  till  then,  as  I  onW 
waited  their  Arrival  to  hold  a  Council,  which  I,«tpeded 

woui(l 

I  Thii  was  an  EffeO  of  tht  Iniignatton  that  tht  Murder  of  Mr, 
Jomonville,  had  caufed. 

\  How  canfucb  I'rocuding  bejujlifod  f 


'■i^^mssmi'^ 


^TT- — n 


hat  M.  de  ContrecouA 
liindred  Men  •,  that 
Artillery  a  fhciter  to 
iS  a  double  Pallifadoel 
*nly  eight  fmaliPiccei 
tr  of  Men  v/e  are. 
'aware  and  Sbawanejtl\ 
i  whereupon,  refolvcdl 
to  a  Council  at  Mr.| 
;ngers  and  Wampum, 
ters  to  write  the  fol- 
nnpanions  who  had  an  I 

irnal.) 

e  Roads. 

'k,  and  were  extremely 

very  often. 

e/yfl//K/«^,  in  order  to| 
le  Loups  i  which  he  did. 
m  Loijion,  who  at  their 

they  had,  and  that  a 
aflfcmblcd,  they  told  u$i 
iefircd  to  fee  their  Brc 
,  and  begged  us  not  t( 
longft  the  French,  am 
F  their  Cuftoms  -,  ml 
ally  inclined  to  fall  upoi 
Purport :  After  whic 
b  with  them,  anddefirc 
and  other  Difcourfes  i 
&.  that  their  Intentio 
:  I  delayed  giving  the 
Half-King,  anddefirci 
;nce  till  then,  as  I  on! 
uncil,  which  Lexpedc 
woul 

en  that  tht  Murdtr  of  Mr. 


/ 


W. 


would  be 
conferred 
Wampiin 
livery  ot  { 

I  it  nectffar 
When 
Audience 
ACoui 

|the//^//-i 
Shawanejt 

I  The  Speake} 

Breth 
\TJ/'Eyou 
you^ 

all  your  Bre 

therefore  v. 
\cut  in  Piece 
I  tlure  be  any 
I  upon  it  as  p 

very  well  h. 

upon  us  thai 
\the  Truth  tl. 
TFe  inou 
leur  B'ethre 
\this  Belt,  t 
\expe£i^  and 
\tack  the  Fre 
land  know  ai 


Breth 
IVy^E  are 
I  ^  quici 
lof  your  All 
the  French, 
Fal (hoods  I 
{vantage  ;  tl 

II  //  may  i 
that  Repraac 
IWdfhington 

lians,  can 
I*/'  of- 

f 


i 


tN«» 


'        C    89    )     . 

would  be  that  fame  Day.  After  the  eight  Mingoes  had 
conferred  a  while  together,  they,  fent  mc  fbme  Strings  of 
Wampum,  defiri-g  me  to  excufe  their  infifting  on  the  De- 

I  livery  ot  their  Spi  cch  fo  fpeedily,  that  they  now  perceived 
it  neceffary  to  wait  the  Arrival  of  the  Half  King. 

When  the  Half-King  arrived,  I  confented  to  give  them 

I  Audience. 

A  Council  was  held  in  the  Camp  for'tha'.  t'urpofe,  where 

I  the  Half-King^  and  feveral  of  the  Six  Nations^  Loups  and 

\Shawanefey  to  the  Number  of  Forty,  were  prefent, 

vThe  Speaker  of  the  Six-Nations  direaed  the  following  Speech  to  the 
Governor  e/"  Virginia. 
Brethren, 

\JJ/'^  your  Brothers  of  the  Six  Nations,  are  now  come  to  acquaint 
you^  that  we  have  bien  informed ynt  threaten  to  dejlroy  entirely 
\all your  Brethren  the  In^tMM^  who  wilt  not  join  you  on  the  Road; 
wherefore  we  who  keep  in  our  own  Towns ,  expei'l  every  Day  to  be 
\cut  in  Pieces  by  you.  IVe  would  defire  to  know  from  your  Mouth.,  if 
\th:re  be  any  Truth  in  that  Information.,  and  that  you  would  not  look 
\upon  it  as  prepojierous.,  that  we  are  come  to  enquire  into  it.,  ftnce yon  . 
\very  well  know.,  that  bad  News  commonly  makes  a  deeper  Impreffun 
\upon  us  than  good;  that  we  may  be  fully  fatisfied  ly  your  Anjwers  of 
\the  Truth  thereof  we  give  you  this  Melt  of 'Wim'^tum. 
I  IFe  know  //{"f  French  will  ajk  us  at  our  Return,  cf  what  Number  : 
I  tar  Brethren  are  whom  we  went  to  fee  f  Therefore  we  defire  you,  hf 
\this  Belt,  to  let  us  know  it,  as  alfi  the  Number  of  thofe  whom  you 
\txpe£l.t  and  at  what  Time  you  cxpeSl  them.,  and  when  you  reckon  to  at" 
\tack  the  French,  tijat  we  may  give  Notice  thereof  to  our  Town^  and 
uindknow  alfo%  what  wejhidl  have  tj  tell  the  French. 

ANSWER. 
Brethren, 

iVfTE  are  very  glad  to  fee  you,  and  forry  that  Aich  Reports  dif-. 
'  ^^  quiet  you  :  The  EngiiJ}}  do  not  intend  to  hurt  you,  or  any 
of  your  Allies  ;  this  News,  ure  know,  muft  have  been  forged  by 
he  French,  who  areconftantly  treacherous,  affertingthe  greateft 
•'aKhoods  II  whenever  they  think  they  will  turn  outto  their  Ad- 
vantage ;  they  fpeak  v.rell,  promife  fine  Things,  but  all  from'the 

N  Lips 

II  //  may  be  judged  bywhat  has  been  before  mentioned,  <wbo  «j/?  dejirve 

^at  Reproach,  /A*  French  or  the  Englilh.     7he  Jmpofiuretvhich  Major 

iWdfhington  covfrffelh  he  had  Reeeurfe  to,  in  order  to  irritate  the  in- 

i'lns,  can  give  a  clear  Idea  »/  the  Meatis  tnhici  the  ^ngViHi  madt/ 
\>feof. 

•  \    .   - 


,^*'%^,<, 


~rn-»T 


(     90     ) 
Lips  outward;  wl.ilfi  their  Heart  is  corrupted  and  full  of  venomou« 
P.aioii.     You  have  been   tluir  Children,  and  ihey  would  hav« 
done  every  Thine  tor  you,  but  they  no  fooncr  thought  themfelves 
ftroiv'onou>h,   tiian  they  returned  to  theirnatural  Pride,  and 
drove'yo"  off  from  your  Lands,   declaring  you  had  no  Right  on 
thcO/;/«*.    li\c  E%ljh,  your   real  Friends,   are  ten  generous, 
to  think  of  ufmor  the  Six  Nations^   their  faithful  Alhcs,    in  like 
Manner;  when  you -made  your   Addiels  to  the  Governors  of 
rirglnia  and  Pemfylvania,  they  (at  your  repeated  Requcft)  fent 
an  Jrmy  to  maintain  your  Rights  t;  to  put  you  in  the  PoHeflion  ot 
your  Lands,  and  to  take  Care  of  your  Wives  and  Children,  to 
difpoffefs  the  Fiefuh,  to  fupport  your  Prerogatives,  and  to  make 
that  whole  Country  furc  to  you  ;  for  thofc  very  Ends  are  the 
En^ii/h  Arms   adlially  employed ;  it  is  for  the  Safety  ot  your 
Wives  and  your  Children  that  we  fight  ;  and  as  this  is  the  only 
Motive  of  our  Conduft,  §  we  cannot  reafonably  doubt  of  being 
joined  by  the  remaining  Part  of  your  Forces,  tooppofe  the  com- 
mon Enemy.  , ,      r        i. 

Thole  that  will  not  join  us,  ftiall  be  anfwerable,  for  what- 
ever may  be  the  Confequence ;  wc  only  defire  you.  Brethren, 
to  chuie  that  Side  which  (lull  feem  moft  agreeable  tothem. 

The  Indians  of  the  Six  Nations  are  thofe,  who  have  the  moft 
Intercft  in  this  War ;  for  them  it  is  that  we  fight ;  and  it  would 
greatly  trouble  mc  to  do  them  theleaft  Hurt :  We  have  engaged 
in  this  War,  in  order  to  affift  and  protcdt  you  ;  our  Arms  are 
open  to  receive  you,  and  our  Hands  ready  to  ndiirifh  your  Fami- 
lies during  the  Courfe  of  this  War.  The  Governor  of  f^irginia 
has  often  d?fired  they  might  be  fent  to  him,  that  he  might  fee 
them  in  Perfon,  nourifli  and  cloaththem  according  to  their  oM^n 
Defire  ;  but  as  you  could  not  be  determined  to  fend  them  to 
him,  we  are  ready  to  ftiarc  in  a  friendly  Manner,  all  our  Provi- 
fions  with  you,  and  fliall  take  fuch  Meafures,  and  give  fuch 
'  Orders, 

•  //  is  true  that  the  Indians  o/the  Six  Nations  l>a<Ve  never  iuhabitti 
the  Borders  of  the  Ohio  ;  neither  do  they  pretend  any  Right  to  them ; 
iut  the  Englifti  ivhot  in  America,  treat  them  as  Friends  and  J/liei, 
nueu/d/ain  fer/ivade  them,  that  the  Borders  of  the  Ohio  belong  t* 
the  Six  Cantona,  under  a  Pretence  of  fame  ancient  Wars  that  thefe  bai, 
•With  the  Indians  on  the  Ohio.  Jndin  Europe  they  infift,  that  Country 
belongs  to  England,  and  pretend  that  the  Indians  of  the  Six  Nations 
;  are  its  Sutjeffs. 

t  Hire  the  Englifti  confefs,  that  Country  is  none  of  their  s  ;  of  tvbet 
i  Hejlility  <an  they  then  reproach  the  French  ?  //  'would  more  become  ihi 
> Indians  0/  the  Six  Nations  to  complain  ;  yet  they  do  not. 

^  So  !  This  is  the  Reafon  of  the  H'ar  a-ainji  the  FfCUch,  Proteait^ 
due  to  the  Six  Nations,  ijuho  never  complained. 


:mM^i.»^:mmM,- 


Orders,  th 
and  Childr 
more  the  i 
than  the  F 
and  in  you 
Sufpence, 
tion  ;  and 
while,  fct 
Hatchets, 
fiafHes. 

The  Pre 
fiderable  as 
tity  of  Goo 
ward  thofe 
this  Occafii 

Be  01  go 
make  it  fu 
your  Heart! 
Sentiments 
Virginia. 
prefent  you 

The  2C 

"When  I 
being   in  1 
why,  they 
French  at 

I  anfwe 
were  com( 
Sword  in  J 
Poffeffion 
from  then 

And  as 
Quality  of 
to  come  I 
gether  witl 

•  The  gr 
Country  lubi 
that  the  Six 
•u-'ith  the  Re 
them? 

t  TheUt 
no  Credit  to  , 
them,  that  t 


4'^ip'wiw'' 


full  of  venomouj 
ihey  would  hav« 
ought  themfelves 
tural  Pride,  and 
had  no  Right  on 
ire  ten  generous, 
jI  Allies,    in  like 
the  Governors  of 
ted  Requcft)  fent 
n  the  Pofleflion  of 
and  Children,  to 
I'cs,  and  to  make 
fery  Ends  are  the 
he  Safety  ot  your 
IS  this  is  the  only 
jly  doubt  of  being 
ooppofe  the  com- 

erable,  for  what- 
re  you.   Brethren, 
able  to  them, 
rho  have  the  moft 
ght ;  and  it  would 

We  have  engaged 
lU  5  our  Aims  are 
noiirifh  yourFami- 
jvernor  oi  Virginia 

that  he  might  fee 
>rding  to  their  oM^n 
d  to  fend  them  to 
ner,  all  our  Provi 
:es,  and  give  fuch 
Orders, 

ha<0e  never  inhabltti 
any  Right  t»  them ; 
t  Friends  and  AlliiU 
■  the  Ohio  belong  t» 
'  Wars  that  thefe  bai, 
'eyinjiji,  that  Counlr) 
s  of  the  Six  Nations 

t  of  their  s  ;  of  ixht^ 
Kould  mare  become  lh\ 
9  not. 
bt  French,  Pnteait 


'  9f|W  f^^Wjp- 


(      91       ) 

Orders,  that  enough  fhall  be  b,ought  to  mnlnfain  your  Wives 
and  Children.  Such  a  Conduct  will  cvid^-ntly  .)ro.'c  how  much 
more  the  Enalijh  love  and  eflccm  their  Allies  i\\^Slx  Naiins  », 
than  the  French  do  ;  as  we  have  drawn  ihcSwoid  in  yourt  aufc, 
and  in  your  Defence,  delay  not  one  Moment,  be  no  more  m 
Sufpence,  but  put  your  Wives  and  Children  under  our  Protec- 
tion i  and  they  fliall  find  Plenty  of  ProvifioHs;  in  tne  mean 
while,  fct  your  young  Men  and  your  Warriors  to  Iharpen  their 
Hatchets,  in  order  to  join  and  unite  with   us  vigoroufly  in  our 

The  Prefent,  my  Brethren,  which  I  offer  you,  is  not  fo  con- 
fiderable  as  I  could  wifh,  but  I  expect  in  a  ihort  Time  a  Q^ian- 
tity  of  Goods,  which  are  to  be  at  inv  Difpofal,  in  order  to  re- 
ward thofe  who  (hall  have  (hewn  themfelves  biave  and  adive  on 
this  Occafion  ;  however,  Uhall  recompenfe  them  moft  generoufly. 

Be  o(  good  Courage,  mv  Brethren,  deliver  your  Country,  and 
make  it  fure  to  your  Children  ;  let  me  know  the  Thoughts  of 
your  fiearts  on  this  Affair,  that  I  may  give  an  Account  of  your 
Sentiments  to  your  great  Friend  and  Brother  the  Governor  of 
Virginia.  In  order  to  allure  you  of  my  Sincerity  ^nd  Efteem,  I 
prelcnt  you  ihis  Belt. 

The  20th,  The  Council  ftill  continued. 

When  the  Delawares  knew  that  they  were  fufpefted  of 
being  in  the  French  Intercft,  they  demanded  the  Reafon 
why,  they  had  been  fent  for,  and  what  they  fhouid  tell  the 
French  at  their  Return. 

I  anlwered  them,  it  was  to  let  them  know,  tliat  we 
were  come  at  their  reiterated  requefts  to  alTift  them  with 
Sword  in  Hand  f  1  that  we  intended  to  put  them  in  the 
Pofleflion  of  thofe  Lands  which  the  French  had  taken 
from  them. 

And  as  they  had  often  demanded  our  Afliftancc,  in 
Quality  of  our  ancient  and  faithful  Allies,  I  invited  them 
to  come  and  place  themfelves  under  our  Proteftion,  to- 
gether with  the  Women  and  Children^ 

Whereupon 

*  y*^  graftd  Argument  of  the  Englilh  in  Europe,  to  ajfume  the 
Country  which  lies  on  the  other  Side  of  the  Apa.\»c\iian  Mountains,  is, 
that  the  Six  Nations  are  their  Suhjeas  :  How  can  we  reconcile  that, 
•with  the  Reafoniugs  they  hold -with  the  Six  Nations  when  theyfpeak  to 

t  The  Delawares  at  that  Time  were  in  the  French  IntereH  ;  and  gave- 
no  Credit  to  the  Difcourfe  of  the  Englifh,  who  endeavoured  to\  fer/wodi 
them,  that  tbtf  were  only  com*  at  thfir  Rtjueft., 


,>>..  :%■ 


^■-^       li{ 


.'%iJto*'**i^^ 


. -iii:™.- 


»i»»"»»Wlpi| 


«pp 


(  92  ) 

Whereupon  the  Indian  Speaker  ftretched  out  his  Blan- 
kt  t  on  tne  h  loor,  and  laid  feveral  Belts  and  Strings  of 
Wampum  thcrebn,  in  the  fame  order  he  had  received  them 
from  the  French  This  done,  he  repeated *the  Speeches 
ot  M.  de  Cvntrecour  %  •,  after  which,  the  Delaware  Speaker 
diredcd  to  me  the  iollowirg  Speech. 

Brethren,  _ 

CrHE  6\u.-;wri  0/ Virginia  AW'-ZPennfylvama;    JVe  ywr  Bre. 
J-      tbrtn,   the  D<\i^^itit^  remnna  perjfealywdl  the   'i  reap  of 
Luirton.  tvhcre yiiu  at,d  your  Unjei   the  Six-Nations,    connd.nng 
the  bad  Siluution  we  wae  in,  fur  tuant  ef  a  Man  to  he  our  Leader, 
you  then  gave  uiaKing,  a>id  told  us,  he  Jhuid  t-anjad  all  tur  pM- 
M  Afain  be'.ween  ycu  and  u>*\  you  gave  us  a  Charge,    not  to  lijten 
to  every  v.iin  Report  that  might  be  Spread,   hut  to  aufult   ourjelves, 
and  to  do,  what  would  feem  to  us^  to  be  right:  l^e  ajure  you,  that 
we  ha  -Jt  given  m  Credit  to  any  of  thofe  Reports,  nor  ever  fhall ;     but 
w'dl  beguiled  by  you,  our  Brethren;  and  by  our  Uncles  the  Six  Na- 
tions :  And  will  do,  enallOaa/ms,  ivhat  is  jujl  and  right,  taking 
Jdvice  from  you  'alone.     To  ajure  you  of  the  Dtjtre  we  have  to  fulfil 
tur  Engagements  with  sou,  we  prefent  you  this  Belt. 
■ ,   After  which  they  made  the  tpllowing  Difcourfe,    to  the  Six- 
Nations.  •     f    »• 
Uncles^  Thirteen  Days  are  now  paft  fmce  we  have  received  this 
Belt  from  the  Onondago  Council ;  I  do  not  doubt  your  knowing  it: 
They  tjfhorfed  us  to  remmber  old  Times,  when  they  cloathed  us  with 
a  Robe  reaching  down  to  our  Heels ;  afterwards  told  us,  toraifeit  up 
to  our  Knees,  and  there  to  make  it  veryfajl,    and  come  to  them  at  tht 
//Wfl/Sufquehanna,  where  they  had  provided  a  Place  for  us  tt 
live  i  that  they  had  alfofent  a  Speech  to  thofe  of  our  Nation,  who  live 
near  the  Minifinks,  inviting  them  to  go  to  the  Place  by  them  appoint- 
ed, that  they  might  live  with  us :  They  alfofent  us  a  Speech,  to  give 
us  Notice  that  the  Englifti  and  French  were  upon  the  Point  ef  coming 
to  an  Engagement  on   the  River  Ohio,  and  exhorted  us  to  do  nothing 
in  that  JunSiure,  but  what  was  reafonable,  and  what  they  would  tell 
us  themfelves.     L^Mv,  They  recommended  to  us,    to  keep  faji  Holi 
cftht  Chain  of  Friend/hip,  which  hasfo  long  fubftfled  between  us  and 
them ;  and  our  Brethren  the  Englifli.                               A  Belt.    ^ 
Then  the  Delawares  fpoke  to  the  Shawanefe  as  follows  : 

*«  Grand 
(  yiaioxlJqfhington  does  not  relate  in  his  Journal,  what  thofe  Speeches 
■  ofthe/r<f«f-&,  were?  He  had,  noibubt,  goot  Reafons  to  conceal 
*them. 

^»  Could  it  be  from  this  pretended  King,  the  EngUfi  had  made  fuck 
**^Pufchafei.  ?  < 


B^ 


:j,^i^eJ>m^mm'**tim^^.  ii^frJH^^ 


d  out  his  Blan- 
and  Strings  of 
d  received  ihem 
;d^the  Speeches 
daware  Speaker 


i;    TFeyiur  Bre- 
jell  the   Treaty  of 
itions,   confidtriHg 
n  to  be  our  Leader^ 
anjad  all  sur  pub' 
arge,    not  to  lijien 
<  cov.fult   ourfelves, 
Ve  (ijitre  you,  that 
tor  everjhall ;    hut 
Uncle i  the  Six  Na- 
'landrigkty  taking 
re  we  have  tofuifil 
It. 
jurfe,    to  the  Six- 

have  received  thit 
ht  your  knowing  it : 
jey  cloathed  us  with 
told  us^  to  raife  it  up 
d  come  to  them  at  tot 
i  a  Place  for  us  tt 
tr  Natitfty  who  live 
'ace  by  them  appoint- 
us  a  Speech^  to  give 
n  the  Point  of  coming 
jrted  us  to  do  nothing 
what  they  would  tell 
,  to  keepfaji  Holi 
hftjled  between  us  a)ti 

A  Belt. 
mefe  as  follows : 

**  Grani 
,  what  thofe  Speeches 

Reafons  to  conceal 

fgiifi  had  made  fuck 


""■"!^« ',,«!£!«!",'?»""  '•  ■r-'^mmmmmrn'm 


"  Grand  Sons.,  by  this  Belt.,  we  take  you  between  our  Armsy  and 
fetch  you  away  from  the  Ohio,  where  you  now  are.,  to  carry  you 
amon^Jl  us^  that  you  may  live  where  we  live,  and  there  live  in  Ptact 
and  ^iiet. 

The  Council  after  this  was  adjourned  to  the  next  Morning. 

The  2 1  ft,  Met  very  early,  and  I  fpoke  firtt  to  the  Dihwcns 
in  the  followins'  Manner.  .  _ 

»'  Brethren, 

BY  your  open  and  generous  ConduiEl  on  this  Occafion,  You 
have  made  yourfclves  dcaier  to  us  than  ever  ;  we  return 
you  our  Thanks,  that  you  did  not  g  >  to  lenango,  when  the 
French  firft  invited  you  there  ;  their  treating  you  in  fuch  a  childilh 
Manner,  as  we  perceive  they  do,  raifc s  in  us  a  jult  and  ftrong 
Refentment  :  They  call  you  their  '•  hildren,  and  Ipeak  to  you, 
as  if  you  in  reality  were  Children,  and  had  no  more  Under- 
handing  than  fuch. 

Conuder  well  my  Brethren,  and  compare  all  their  Difceurfc, 
and  you  will  find  that  all  it  tends  to,  is  to  tell  you,  I  am  going 
to  open  your  Eyes,  to  unftop  your  Ears,  and  fuch  like  Words 
to  no  Purpofe,  only  proper  to  amufe  Children.  You  alfo  obferve 
Brethren,  that  if  they  deliver  a  Speech,  or  make  a  Promifc, 
and  confirm  it  by  a  Belt,  they  imagine  it  binds  them  no  longer 
than  they  think  it  confiftent  with  their  Intercft  to  ftand  to  it. 
They  have  given  one  Example  of  it ;  and  I  wil!  make  you 
obferve  it,  in  the  Jump  which  they  fay  they  have  made  over  the 
Boundaries,  which  you  had  fet  them  ;  which  ought  to  ftir  you 
up  my  Brethren,  to  a  juft  Anger,  and  caufe  you  to  embrace  the 
favourable  Opportunity  that  we  offir  You,  as  we  arc  come,  at 
your  Requeft,  to  affift  you,  and  by  Means  of  which,  you  may 
make  |hem  Jump  back  again,  with  more  Speed  than  thejr 
advanced.  A  String  of  JVmnpnm. 

The  French  are  continually  telling  you,  not  to  give  Heed  M 
the  illReports  that  are  told  you  concerning  them  who  are  your 
Fathers,  If  they  did  not  know  in  their  very  Souls,  how  richly 
they  dcferve  it  on  your  Account,  why  fliould  they  fufped  being 
accufed  ?  Why  Ihould  they  forwarn  you  of  it,  in  order  to  hinder 
you  from  believing  what  is  told  you  concerning  them  ?  With 
Regard  to  what  they  tell  you  of  us,  our  Conduft  alone  will 
anfwer  in  our  Behalf :  Examine  the  Truth  yourfelves  j  y«u 
know  the  Roads  leading  to  our  Habitations,  you  have  lived 
amongft  us,  you  can  fpeak  our  Language ;  but  in  order  to 
juftify  ourfelves  from  whatever  might  be  faid  againft  us,  and 
aflure  you  of  our  brotherly  Love  ;  we  once  more  invite  your  old 
Men,  your  Wives  and  your  Children,  to  take  Sandluary  under 

eur 


j*ft- 


\ 


'\LM.imisMl 


t 


,    k 


■  >^-a(8a^*^-4ri     '."tn#'^ima 


ri'lUHtiiimij^Mjy^jl^jggy^ 


^tr^' 


fMi 


%\ 


(    9+    ) 

•ur  Proteillon,  and  between  our  Arms,  in  order  to  be  plentifully 
fed,  whilft  your  Warriors  and  young  Men  join  with  ouis,  and 
cfpoule  together  the  common  Cau^ie.        A  String  of  Wampum. 

Brethren,  we  thank  you  with  all  our  Hearts,  tor  having  de- 
clared pnto  us,  your  Refolution  of  accompliHiing  the  Er^'a|rc- 
ments  which  you  had  entered  into,  at  the  Treaty  of  Lu'tjltin  §, 
and  we  can  do  iio  otherwife  than  praife  your  generous  Condudb 
with  Regard  to  your  Grand  Sonv  the  Shauianejt  ;  it  gives  us 
infinite  Pleal'ure. 

We  are  greatly  obliged  to  the  Council  given  you  by  Onondaga^ 
charging  you  to  hold  taft  the  Chain  of  r  ricndUiip  by  which  we 
are  bound  ;  I  dare  fay,  that  had  he  known,  how  nearly  you  are 
interefted  in  this  War,  or  that  it  is  for  the  Love  of  you,  and  at 
yourRequetl  $,  we  have  taken  up  Arms,  he  would  have  ordered 
you  to  Declare  and  to  a£l  immediately  againil  the  Common 
Enemy  of  the  Stx  Natlom.  in  Oidcr  to  aflure  you  of  my  Affec- 
tion, and  to  conhrm  the  Truth  of  what  1  have  fiid,  1  prefent 
you  thefe  Ttvo  greet  Strings." 

After  this,  the  Council  broke  up,  and  thofe  treacherous  Devils, 
who  had  been  fent  by  the  French  as  Spies,  returned,  though  not 
without  fome  Tale  ready  prepared  to  amufe  the  Ftench,  which 
may  be  of  Service  to  make  our  own  Deligns  fuccccd. 

As  they  had  told  me  there  were  Sixteen  Hundred  French,,  and 
Seven  Hundred  Indians  on  their  March,  to  rcinfoce  thofe  at  the 
Garrifon,  1  peri'waded  the  Hiilf  King  to  UnA  three  of  his  Men  to 
inquire  into  the  Truth  of  it  j  though  I  imagined  this  News  to  be 
only  Soldiers  Difcourfe  \  thefe  Indians  were  accordingly  fent  in  a 
fecret  Manner,  before  the  Council  broke  up,  and  had  Orders  to 
go  to  the  Fort,  and  get  what  Information  they  could  from  all 
the  Indians  they  fliould  meet,  and  if  there  was  any  News  worth 
while,  one  f  of  them  (huuld  return,  and  the  other  two  continue 
their  Rout  as  far  as  Venango^  and  about  the  Lake^  in  order  to 
obtain  a  perfect  Knowledge  of  every  Thing. 

I  alfo  perfwaded  King  ShingaSy  to  fend  out  Rangers  towards 
the  River,  to  bring  us  News,  in  Cafe  any  French  (huuld  come  ; 
I  gave  him  alfo  a  Letter,  which  he  was  to  fend  me  back  again 
by  an  Exprefs,  to  prevent  my  being  impofed  upon  by  a  falfe 

^'^^'»'  Though 

$  W&at  this  Treaty  of  Loifton  tan  he,  no  one  knotus  ;  this  Journa 
makes  it  appear,  that  it  <was  convened  by  a  Man  whom  the  Englifti  gave 
themf»r  a  King,  and  of  Confequence  they  ivere  veryfafe. 

%  Why  Jo  often  repeated  ;  Major  Walhington  tuas  certainly  in  Doubt 
0s  to  the  Delawares  giving  any  Credit  to  it. 

t  //  was  by  the  Means  of  thofe  Indians,  that  the  Englilh  had  a  Com- 
mnnicatien  <witb  Stobo  the  Spy,  vihofe  Letter  will  befeen  hereafter y 


Though 
not  be  pc 
through  th 
thclefs  gav 
us  in  whai 
Method  w 
vitc  all  thol 
from  their 
take  privat 
ceed,  thou 

The  ver 
a  trufty  D 
French  Del 
Inflrudion 
feveral  Ar( 
^t  Fort  n 
and  cannoi 
are  about. 

I  alfo  pc 
take  a  Vic\ 
proper  Infl 
with  Speet 

Prefent  1; 
Mr.  Monti 
the  Half-h 
Meadows 
our  own  P 

As  it  ha 
Speech,  th 
young  Me 
Croghan. 

'Tts  but 
by  your  Br 
Order  to  J 
thren^  Im 
encamp  wit 
cotocha,  1 
ftred  Effei 
prefent  you 

As  tho 
very  inquii 
by  what  '^ 
we  expciSi 
the  Road; 


aytH  ri'  »^?  yi^t-Tawi- 


'  to  btf  plentifully 
I  with  GUIS,  and 
ng  of  IVampum. 
S  tur  having  de- 
ling the  tr^^agc- 
eaty  of  Lr.ijhn  §, 
jencrous  Condudb 
nejt  ',  it  gives  us 

you  by  Omndago^ 
(hip  by  which  we 
w  nearly  you  are 
ic  of  yoii,  and  at 
ould  have  ordered 
nrt  the  Common 
you  of  my  AfFec- 
ve  fjid,  1  prefent 

greet  Strings." 
each  irous  Devils, 
rncd,  though  not 
he  Ftenchy  which 
:cccd. 

lid  red  French,  and 
nfocethofe  at  the 
»ree  of  his  Men  to 
d  this  News  to  be 
:ordingly  fent  in  a 
ind  had  Orders  to 
ey  could  from  all 

any  News  worth 
:her  two  continue 
laitf  in  order  to 

Rangers  towards 

tch  (huuld  come  ; 

id  me  back  again 

upon  by  a  falfe 


Though 


notus  i  this  Journa 

}m  the  Engiiih  gave 

fafe. 

\  ctrtainlf  in  Deuit 

Snglilh  iaJ  a  Com-^ 
efein  hereafter.^ 


(     95     ) 

Though  King  Shingat,  and  others  of  the  DelatuareSf  couW 
not  be  pcrluaded  to  retire  to  our  Camp  with  their  Families, 
through  the  Fear  they  were  in  of  Oi.oni/a^o's  Council,  they  ncvcr- 
thelefs  gave  us  ftrong  Aflurancesof  their  Affiflance,  and  dire<iied 
us  in  what  Manner  to  adl,  in  order  to  obtain  our  Defirc  :  the 
Method  was  this;  we  were  to  prepare  a  great  War- Belt,  to  in- 
vite all  thofeWarriors  who  would  receive  it,  to a£t  indepcndantif 
from  their  King  and  Council  ;  and  King  Shingas  promifed  to 
take  privately  the  mod  fubtil  Methods  to  make  the  Affair  fac- 
ceed,  though  he  did  not  dare  to  do  it  openly. 

The  very  Day  the  Council  broke  up,  I  pcrfwaded  Kaquthu/Itn, 
a  trufty  Delaware,  to  carry  that  Letter  to  the  Fort  which  the 
French  Deferters  had  written  to  their  Comrades,  and  gave  him 
Inflrudtions  how  he  ftiould  behave  in  hi*  Obfervations,  upon 
feveral  Articles  of  which  I  had  fpolcen  to  him  ;  for  I  am  ccriatn 
t'^e  Fort  may  be  furprized,  as  the  French  arc  encamped  outfidc, 
and  cannot  keep  a  ftridt  Guard,  by  Reafon  of  the  Works  the/ 
are  about. 

I  alfo  perfwaded  George^  another,  tru/ly  Delaware^  to  go  and 
take  a  View  of  the  Fort,  a  little  after  KaquehuJloHy  and  gave  him 
proper  Inftrufliors,  recommending  him  pariicularly  tu  return 
with  Speed,  that  we  might  have  frefli  News. 

Prefently  after  the  Council  was  over,  notwithftanding  all  that 
Mr.  Montour  could  do  to  difiwade  them,  the  De/awares,  as  alio 
the  Half-King,  and  all  the  other  Indians,  returned  to  the  Great 
Meadows  ;  but  though  we  had  loft  them,  I  ilill  had  Spies  of 
our  own  People,  to  prevent  being  furprifcd. 

As  it  had  been  told  me,  that  it  I  fent  a  Belt  oi  Wampum  and  a 
Speech,  that  might  bring  us  back  both  the  Half-King  and  his 
young  Men ;  accordingly  I  fent  the  following  Speech  by  Mr. 
Croghan. 

'Tu  but  lately  fmce  we  were  affemhled  together  j  we  were  fent  here 
hy  your  Brother  the  Governor  of  Virginia,  at  your  own  Requefi^  in 
Order  to  fuccour  you.,  and  fight  for  your  Caufe ;  wherefore  my  Bre- 
thren, I  mujl  require  that  you  and  your  young  Men  ctme  to  join  and 
encamp  with  us,  that  we  may  be  ready  to  receive  our  Brother  Mona- 
cotocha,  whom  I  daily  expeSi  :  That  this  Requefl  may  have  its  de- 
fired  Effe£I,  and  make  a  fuitable  Impreffton  upon  your  Minds,  / 
prefent  you  with  this  String  of  Wampum. 

As  thofe  Indians,  who  were  Spies  fent  by  the  French,  were 
very  inquifitive,  and  aflccd  us  many  Queftions  in  order  to  know 
by  what  Way  we  propofed  to  go  to  theF^ort,  and  what  Time 
we  expedted  to  arrive  there  ;  1  left  ofFvvorking  any  further  at 
the  Road;  and  told  them  we  intended  to  keep  on  acrofs  the 

Woods 


>SLji.^^^^M,«M —  •.nSLS^.ti^i^.  ^ 


f.-jitM     ife. 


^^^ ,  x^^f. — ■■..    •.■-i^--^|-,   -n^^,jfci  00r'* 


->*• 


-w 


mil  iijKiHvvip^ ,  III.  ftw^mm^imrp* 


ptwic  ■'**%--i 


(    96    ) 

Woods  as  far  as  the  Fort,  falling  the  Trees,  (^c.  That 
we  were  waiting  ht-re  for  the  Rcinfortcment  which  was 
coming  to  us,  our  Artillery,  ana  our  Waggons  to 
accompany  us  there  1  but,  as  foon  a.s  they  were  gc.ic,  I 
fet  about  marking  out  and  clearing  a  Road  towards  Red- 

The  25th,  Towards  Night  cam^  three  Men  from  the 
Great  Meadows,  amongft  whom  was  the  Son  of  Queen 

He  brought  me  a  Letter  from  Mr.  Crogharty  informing 
me  what  I'ains  he  was  at  to  perfwadeany  Indians  to  come 
to  us ;  that  the  Half-King  was  inclined,  and  was  preparing 
to  join  us,  but  h^d  received  a  Blow  which  was  a  Hindrance 
to  it.  I  thought  it  proper  to  fend  Captain  Montour  to 
Fort-Necejity,  in  order  to  try  it  he  could,  poflibly,  gim 
the /»(//d»j  to  come  to  US: 

The  26th,  Arrived  an  Indian,  bringing  News  that 
Monacotoocha,  had  burnt  his  Village  (Loifton)  and  was 
gone  by  Water  with  his  People  to  Red-Stone,  and  may 
be  expedled  there  in  two  Days,  This  Indian  pafled  clofc 
by  the  Fort,  and  aflfurcs  us,  that  the  French  had  received 
no  Reinforcement,  except  a  fmall  Number  o\  Indians, 
who  had  killed,  as  he  iaid,  two  or  three  of  the  Dela- 
mares.  I  did  nut  fail  to  relate  that  Piece  of  News  to  the 
Indians  in  its  proper  Colours,  and  particularly  to  two  of 
the  Delawares  who  arc  here. 

The  27th,  Detached  Captain  Lewis,  Lieutenant  Wag' 
gbener,  and  Enfign  Mercer,  two  Serjeants,  two  Corpo- 
rals, one  Drummer,  and  Sixty  Men,  in  order  to  endeav- 
our to  clear  a  Road,  to  the  Mouth  of  Red-Stone-Cretk 
on  Monaungabela, 


NUMB 


Tht 


ARR 

ot  which 

At  my 
had  madi 
Indfans  of 
of  whi'h  1 
to  depart 

Aslwa 
Nations, 
de  Contreci 
M.  le  Mir 
very  well 
dcrs. 

M.deCo 
and  myfel 
done  in  th 
the  Enem 
my  Broth 
between  tl 

The  28 
Provifions 
Ten  in  thi 
out  fome 
being  furp 

I  poftec 
of  the  Ri' 
of  taking 
demanded 
I'uitable  t( 
Rout  was 


iAM,ie^m.LMii: 


es,  t^c.  That 
)ent  which  was 
Waggons  to 
r  were  goic,  I 
I  towards  Red- 
Men  from  the 
Son  of  Queen 

han,  informing 
ndians  to  come 
I  was  preparing 
as  a  Hindrance 
ain  Montour  to 
poflibly,  giin 

ing  News  that 
,oifton)  and  was 
Stone,  and  may 
lian  paded  clofe 
\cb  had  received 
bcr  of  Indians^ 
•ce  of  the  Dela- 
of  News  to  the 
ilarly  to  two  of 

Jeutenant  IVag 
Its,  two  Corpo- 
Dfder  to  endeav- 
Red-S  tone-Creek 


NUMB 


\ 

wm>^' 

"^ 

'  t 

( 

97 

1 

NUMB 

IX. 

ne  ]0\]K^AL  of  M.Dg  Villiers. 

June  the  26th. 

AR  R  I V  E  D  at  Fcrt  du  ^.tffne  about  eight  in  vh« 
Morning,  with  t!ie  fcvcrai  Nations,  theComniantl 
o[  which  the  General  had  given  me. 

At  my  Arrival  was  informed,  x\\x^M.deContrecotur 
had  made  a  Det.\chmenc  of  500  trench,  and  thvcn 
Indfans  of  ditkrent  Nations,  on  the  Ohio,  the  Command 
of  whi  'h  he  had  given  to  Chevalier  le  Mercier,  who  wai 
to  depart  the  next  Day. 

As  I  was  the  oldeft  Officer,  and  commanded  the  Indian 
Nations,  and  as  my  Brother  had  hccn  aflalTinated  §,  M. 
dc  Contrecoeur  honoured  me  with  that  Command,  and 
M.  le  Mirckr,  though  deprived  of  the  Command,  ftcmcd 
very  well  plcafed  to  make  the  Campaign  under  my  Or- 
ders. 

M.deContrecoeur  called  MefTieurs  le  Mercier,  de  Longueil, 
and  myfelf,  in  order  to  deliberate  upon  what  fhould  be 
done  in  the  Campaign,  as  to  the  Place,  the  Strength  of 
the  Enemy,  the  AflafJination  committed  by  them  upon 
my  Brother,  and  the  Peace  we  intended  to  maintain 
between  the  two  Crown*. 

The  28th,  M.de  Contrecoeur  gave  me  my  Orders,  the 
Provifions  were  diftributed,  and  we  left  the  Fort  about 
Ten  in  the  Morning.  I  began  from  that  Inftant,  to  fend 
out  fome  Indians  to  range  about  by  Land,  to  prcveni 
being  furprized. 

I  ported  myfelf  at  a  fmallDiftance  above  the  firft  Fork 
of  the  River  Monaungahela,  though  I  had  no  Thought 
of  taking  that  Rout.  I  called  the  Indians  together,  and 
demanded  their  Opinion.  It  was  decided,  that  it  wa» 
fuitablc  to  take  the  River  Monaungabela^  though  th« 
Rout  was  longer. 

S   Mr.   JvMOMVILIiB.  ' 


■»-  - 


»  * 


'k. 


\ 


%^ 


m 


If. 


MifUM^i 


♦t-- 


»Wiii   iHHPimi     I  »i^ii    .mf' 


li-.  ', 


(  98  ) 

The  29th,  Mafs  was  fuid  in  the  Camp,  after  which 
we  marched  with  the  ufual  Precaution. 

30th,  Came  to  the  llangnrdX^  which  was  a  fort  of  a 
Fort  built  with  Logs,  one  upon  another,  well  notched 
in,  about  30  Foot  in  Length,  and  20  in  Breadth  \  and 
as  it  was  Utc,  and  would  not  do  any  Thing  without 
confulting  the  IndianSy  1  encampd  about  two  Mulket 
Shot  from  that  IMacc. 

At  Night  I  called  the  Sachems  together,  and  we  con- 
fulted  upon  what  was  the  belt  to  be  done,for  the  Safety  of 
our  Pcttiaguas,  and  of  the  Provifions,  we  left  in  rcferve, 
as  alfo  what  Guard  fliould  be  left  to  keep  it. 

July  the  firft,  put  our  Pettiaguas  in  a  fate  Place  j  our 
Effe(5ls,  and  every  I  hing  we  could  do  without,  wc  took 
into  the  Haugard;  where  I  left  one  good  Serjeant,  with 
Twenty  Men,  and  fomc  fick  Indians.  Ammunition  wa$ 
afterwards  diftributed,  and  wc  be^an  our  March. 

At  about  Eleven  o'Clock,  wc  dilcovered  fome  Tracks, 
which  made  us  fufpeft  wc  were  difcovered. 

At  Three  in  the  Afternoon,  having  no  News  of  our 
Rangers,  I  fcnt  others,  who  met  thofc  fent  before,  and 
not  knowing  each  other,  were  near  upon  exchanging 
Shot,  but  happily  found  their  Miftake.  They  returned 
to  us,  and  declared  to  have  been  at  the  Road  which  the 
Engli/b  were  clearing  •,  that  they  were  of  Opinion  no 
Body  had  been  that  Way  for  three  Days  :  We  were  no 
longer  in  Doubt  of  our  Proceedings  being  known  to  the 
£nglijh. 

The  2d,  We  marched  at  Break  of  Dayy  without  wait- 
ing the  Return  of  our  Rangers.  Afjer  having  marched 
Ibme  Time,  we  flopped  •,  tor  I  was  refolved  to  proceed 
no  further,  until  I  had  pofitivc  News  j  wherefore  I  fent 
Scouts  upon  the  Road.  In  the  mean  while,  came  fomc 
of  thofe  Indians  to  me,  whom  we  had  left  at  the  Han- 
gard\  they  had  takcfi  a  P'rifoner,  who  called  himfdf  • 
pcferter :  I  examined,  and  tWeatned  him  with  the  Rope* 
if  he  offered  to  impofe  upon  me.    I .  learned  that  th^ 

li  -  Englijb 

; '  .        }  Thti  Hangard  had  been  biilt  by  wc  Englijk, 


II  I     'I  HWHIJI 


'    I"  I  I  ij  .jriu 


w^^im 


p,  after  which 

tva&  a  fort  of  a 
,  well  notched 
Breadth  i  and 
Ihing  without 
It  two  Mufket 

r,  and  we  con« 
or  the  Safety  of 
:  left  in  rcferve, 
:cp  it. 

ate  Place ;  bur 
:hout,  we  took 
Serjeant,  with 
[^munition  was 
r  March, 
d  fome  Tracks, 
rd. 

o  News  of  our 
;nt  before,  and 
on  exchanging 
They  returned 
Load  which  rhe 
of  Opinion  no 
:  We  were  no 
g  known  to  the 

y  without  wait- 
laving  marched 
vcd  to  proceed 
therefore  Ifent 
lie,  came  fome 
eft  at  the  Han- 
died  himfdf  a 
with  the  Rope* 
sarned  that  the 
Englijb 


f    99    ) 

En^f^lijh  had  left  their  Po(t,  in  order  to  rejoin  their  Fort, 
and  that  they  had  brought  back  their  Cannon. 

Some  of  our  l^VopIc  fiiuling  that  the  Etij^lijh  had  a» 
bandoncd  the  Camp,  we  went  thereto,  and  I  fent  lome 
Men  to  Icarch  it  throughout  \  where  they  found  fevcral 
T(K)ls,  and  other  Utenfils  hidden  in  many  iMaccs,  which 
I  ordered  them  to  carry  away  :  As  it  was  late,  I  made 
the  Dc't.ichment  encamp  there. 

I  examined  th*  Englijlmcin  a  fecond  Time,  fomctimei 
terrilying  him,  and  at  other  Times  giving  him  Hopes 
of  Reward.  I  imparted  all  he  told  me  to  the  Indians^ 
as  alfo  of  my  Refolution,  iwt  to  cxpofc  them  raflily. 
We  had  Rain  all  Night. 

The  joth,  at  Kreak  of  Day,  I  prepared  for  my  De- 
parture. 1  defired  the  Indiafis  to  provi«le  me  fome  Scouts. 
The  Weather  was  inclining  to  Rain ;  but  I  forcfaw  the 
NecefTity  of  preventing  the  Enemy  in  their  Works. 

We  marched  the  whole  Day  in  the  Rain,  and  I  fent 
Scouts  one  after  another.  1  ilopped  at  the  IMace  where 
my  Brother  had  been  aflaflinatcd,  and  faw  there  yet  fome 
dead  Bodies. 

When  I  came  within  three  Qiiarters  of  a  League  from 
the  Englijh  Fort,  I  ordered  my  Men  to  march  in  Co- 
lumns, every  Officer  to  his  Divifion,  that  I  might  the 
better  difpofc  of  them  as  Neccfi'ity  would  require. 

I  fent  Scouts,  and  gave  them  Orders  to  go  clofe  up 
to  the  Camp,  Twenty  others  to  fullain  them  \  and  I 
advanced  in  Order.  My  Scouts  loon  informed  me,  that 
we  were  difcovered,  and  that  the  Engliflj  wer^oming 
in  Battle-Array  to  attack  us  i  and  that  they  were  very 
near  us :  Upon  which  I  ordered  my  Men  in  aPofture  fui- 
table  for  a  Bufli  Fight.  It  was  not  long  before  I  perceived 
that  my  Scouts  had  milled  me,  and  ordered  the  Troops 
to  advance  on  that  Side  where  we  expeded  them  ta 
attack  us. 

As  we  had  no  Knowledge  ot  the  Place,  we  prelentcd 

our  Flank  to  the  Fort,  when  they  began  to  fire  upon  us ; 

and  almoft  at  the  fame  Time,  I  perceived  the  EngUfii  on 

•Pi  the 


*" "fiiMi^i;,'     iftViMr  iVii  II        >»«Mj< 


Pi.      • 


■  C  io<5  ) 
the  Right,  in  order  ot  Battle,  and  cdlhlng  towards  us. 
The  Indians^  as  well  as  ourfclves,  fet  up  a  great  Cry, 
and  advanced  towards  them ;  but  they  did  not  give  us 
Time  to  fire  upon  them,  before  they  (hdttred  themfelves 
ki  an  Intrenchment,  which  ivas  adjoining  to  their  Fort : 
Atter  which,  we  aimed  to  invcft  the  Fort,  which  was 
advantageoufly  enougli  fituated  in  a  Meadow,  within  a 
Mufket  Shot  from  the  Woods.  We  drew  as  near  them  as 
poflible,  that  we  might  not  expofe  his  Majefly's  Subjcfts 
to  no  Purpofe.  Tne  Fire  was  very  brifk  on  both  Sides, 
and  I  chofe  that  Place  which  Teemed  to  me  the  moft 
proper,  in  Cafe  we  fliould  be  cxpofed  to  a  Sally.  Wc 
fired  lb  fmartly,  as  to  put  out  (if  I  may  ufe  the  Expref- 
ficn)  the  Fire  of  their  Cannon  with  our  Mufket-Shot. 

Towards  Six  at  Night,  the  Fire  of  the  Enemy  increafed 
with  more  Vigour  than  ever,  and  lafted  until  Eight. 
We  brilkly  returned  their  Fire.  We  took  particular 
Care  to  iccure  our  Pofts,  to  keep  the  Englijh  fall  up  in 
their  Fort  alt  Night  •,  and  after  having  fixed  ourfclves  in 
the  beft  Pofition  we  could,  we  let  the  Evvlijh  know,  that 
if  they  would  fpeak  to  us,  we  would  itop  firing.  They  ac- 
cepted the  Propofal.  There  canr-e  a  Captain  to  the  Place 
■where  I  was :  1  fent  M.  le  Merckr  to  receive  him,  and 
J  went  to  the  Meadow,  where  I  told  him,  that  as  wc 
were  not  at  War,  we  were  very  willing  to  fave  them  from 
the  Cruelties  to  which  they  expofed  themfelves,  on  Ac- 
count of  the  Indians  s  but  it  they  were  ftubborn,  we 
^ould  take  away  from  them  all  Hopes  of  efcaping} 
that  w^|j|onfented  to  be  favourable  to  them  at  prefcnt, 
4J  "iXe  were  come  only  to  revenge  my  Brother" s  AJjhJfmctiony 
and  to  oblige  them  to  quit  the  Lands  of  the  King  our 
Mailer  •,  and  we  agreed  to  grant  them  the  Capitulation, 
whereof  a  Copy  is  here  annexed.  We  confidered,  that 
nothing  could  be  more  advantageous  than  this  Capitula- 
tion,  as  it  was  not  proper  tQ  make  Prifoners  in  a  Time 
of  peace.  We  made  the  Englijb  confent  to  fign,  that 
they  had  afTaflinatcd  my  Brother  in  his  own  Camp.  We 
had  Hoftages  for  the  Security  of  the  French  wix>  were  in 


d  cothing  towards  us." 
,  fet  up  a  great  Cry, 
C  they  did  not  give  us 
7  flidttred  therr^fclves 
joining  to  their  Fort : 
;  the  Fort,  which  was 
I  a  Meadow,  within  a 
e  drew  as  near  them  as 
his  Majcfty's  Subicfts 
y  brifk  on  both  Sides, 
mcd  to  me  the  moft 
lofed  to  a  Sally.  "Wc 
I  may  ufe  the  Expref- 
h  our  Mufkct-Shot. 
Df  the  Enemy  increafed 
id  laded  until  Eight. 

We  took  particular 
)  the  Engljjh  faft  up  in 
iving  fixed  ourfclvcs  in 
the  Evflijh  know,  that 
d  itop  firing.  They  ac- 

a  Captain  to  the  Place 
y  to  receive  him,  and 
told  him,  that  as  we 
lling  to  fave  them  from 
ed  thcmfelves,  on  Ac- 
ley  were  ftubborn,  we 
1  Hopes  of  efcapingi 
le  to  them  at  prefcnt, 
y  Brother's  AJjajftnctioni 
ands  of  the  King  our 
them  the  Capitulation, 
We  confidcred,  that 
ous  than  this  Capitula* 
ke  Prifoners  in  a  Time 
'  confent  to  fign,  that 
n  his  own  Camp.  We 
the  French  who  were  in 
A  their 


(«  roi  ) 
their  Power  •,  we  made  them  abandon  the  King's  Coun- 
try i  we  obliged  them  to  leave  us  their  Cannon,  con- 
fiiling  of  nine  Pieces  •,  wedeflroyed  all  their  Horfcs  and 
Cattle,  and  made  them  to  fign,  that  the  Favour  we 
granted  them,  was  only  to  prove,  how  defirous  we  were 
to  ufe  them  as  Friends.  || 

That  very  Night,  the  Articles  of  Capitulation  were 
figned,  and  the  two  Hoftages  I  had  demanded,  were 
brought  to  my  Camp. 

The  4th,  at  Break  of  Day,  I  fent  a  Detachment  ta 
take  Poflcflion  of  the  Fort  i  the  Garrifon  filed  off,  and 
the  Number  of  their  Dead  and  Wounded,  moved  me 
to  Pity,  notwithftanding  my  Refentment  for  their  having 
in  luch  a  Manner,  taken  away  my  Brother'^  Life. 

The  Indians^  who  had  obeyed  ray  Orders  in  every 
Thing,  claimed  a  Right  to  the  Plunder ;  but  I  oppufed  ^ 
it :  However,  the  Englijb  being  frightened,  fled,  and 
left  their  Tents,  and  one  of  their  Colours.  I  demolifbcd 
their  Fort,  and  M.  U  Mercier  ordered  their  Cannon  to 
be  broken  \  ^  alfo  the  one  granted  by  Capitulation,  the 
Etiglijh  not  being  able  to  carry  it  away. 

1  haftened  my  Departure,  after  having  burlled  the 
Calks  wherein  was  their  Liquor,  to  prevent  the  Difordert 
which  would  have  certainly  happened-  One  of  my  Indians 
took  ten  Englijhmen^  whom  he  brought  to  me,  but  1  fent 
them  back  again  by  another. 

All  I  loft  in  this  Attack,  were,  two  Men  killed,  and 
one  Pany  -f ,  Seventeen  wounded  ;  two  wher«of  are  /«- 
dians^  cxclufive  of  a  Number  16  (lightly  wounded,  as  to 
ha"e  no  Occnfion  for  the  Surgeon.       , 

We  tnarchei  that  Day  about  two  Leagues,  and  I 
detached  fome  of  my  Men  to  carry  on  Litters  thole  wh« 
were  badly  wounded. 

The  5th,  aboyt  Nine,  I  apved  at  the  Camp  which 
the  Englijb  had  abandoned  :  I  ordered  the  Intrenchment 
to  be  demolilhed,  and  the  Houfes  to  be  burnt  down ;  and 
alter  having  detached  M.  de  ia  Cbauvignerie  to  burn  thfc 

Houfst    , 


•#-.,  ifei.^* 


t  Tbi  Name  cf  an  Imbiak. 


■if" 


II 


Urn 


m 


i 


^xm 


;i 


"^aaaaj^igariitiTTLiai^^iJBi^^ 


•j-S*^ 


ni.iiwji 


^uw«)«rii*v. I'lif'tf'" 


^r 


p#  •/. 


fh 


li    f 


Houfe^  round  about,  I  continued  my  Rout,  and  incamp. 
ed  three  Leagues  from  thence. 
-  The  ^th,  departed  early  in  tre  Morning,  and  arrived 
about  Ten  at  the  Hangard. 

We  put  our  Pcttiaugis  in  order  j  viftualled  the  De- 
tachmenfn  carried  away  the  Keferve  of  Frovifions  which 
we  had  left  thtrc,  and  found  fcveral  Things  which  the 
Englijh  had  hidden  ;  after  which  I  burnt  down  the  Han- 
gard. We  then  embarked,  and  kept  on  till  about  fix  at 
Nighr,Vvhcn  I  was  obliged  to  incamp  ip  a  very  great  Rain. 
.  The  7th,  Continued  my  Rout,  alter  having  detached 
"M^de  la  Chavignerie  to  acquaint  M.  de  Contrecoeur  of  the 
Succefs  of  owr  Campaign.  Faffing  along,  we  burnt 
down  all  the  Settlements  we  found  •,  and  about  four  o' 
Clock  I  delivered  my  Detachment  to  M.  de  Contrecoeur. 

CAPITULATION  granted  by  Mr.  de  Villiers, 
'^  Captain  and  Compander  of  his  Majejifs  Irocps^  to  thoft 
$  Englilh  Troops  aSiually  in  Fort-NccefTity. 

July  the  3d,  1 7^4,  at  8  o'  Clock  at  Night. 

AS  our  Intentions  have  never  been  to  trouble  the 
Peace  and  good  Harmony  fubfifling  between  the 
two  Princes  in  Amity,  but  only  to  revenge  the  AflafTi- 
nation  committed  on  one  of  our  Officers,  bearer  of  a 
Summon,  as  alfo  on  his  Efcorte,  and  to  hinder  any 
Eftablifhment  on  the  Lands  of  the  Dominions  of  the 
King  my  Mailer  :  Upon  thefe  Confiderations,  wc  are 
Willing  to  ftiew  Favour  to  all  thcEnglifh  who  arc  in  the 
faid  Eort,  on  the  following  Conditions,  ijiz. 
A  R  T  I C  L  E  I. 
We  grant  Leave  to  the  Englift)  Commander,  to  retire 
Vrith  all  his  Garrifon,  and  to  return  peaceably  into  hit 
own  Country  •,  and  promife  to  hinder  his  receiving  any 
Infult  from  us  French  }  and  to  reftrain,  as  much  as  fliall 
be  in  our  Power,  the  Indians  that  are  with  us. 

II. 
It  Ihall  be  permitted  him  to  go  out,  and  carry  with 
Wm  all  that  belongs  to  them,  except  the  Artillery,  which 
wc  refervc.    ~    -  ,  III.  That 


That  wc 
they  nfiarcl 
Gun,  beir 
treat  them 

That  as 
the  Englijh 

That  T< 

of  French  \ 
take  PoiTcl 

As  the  I 
are  at  Libe 
and  fearch 
fufficient  t( 
may  have  ' 
they  give  tl 
any  Buildii 
the  Mount 

And  as 
two  Cadet 
AfTafTinatic 
them  back 
on  the  Ohit 
de  as  well 
Robert  Stob 
Hoftages, 
above  men 
to  give  an  ] 
and  exppd 
at  fartheft. 
of  the  Pofl 
mentioned. 

Sigm 


t,  and  incamp. 

ig,  and  arrived 

tualled  the  De- 
rovifions  which 
ings  which  the 
down  the  Han- 
tit!  about  fix  at 
ery  great  Rain, 
aving  detached 
tttrecoeur  of  the 
)ng,  we  burnt 
I  about  four  o' 
.  de  Contrecoeur, 

4r.  de  Villiers, 
Iroop^  to  thoft 

Clock  at  Night, 
to  trouble  the 
ng  between  the 
nge  the  Affaffi- 
s,  bearer  of  a 
to  hinder  any 
ninions  of  the 
-ations,  we  are 
who  arc  in  the 
•uiz. 

ander,  to  retire 
aceably  into  hit 
s  receiving  any 
IS  much  as  Khali 
th  us. 

and  carry  with 

Vrtillcry,  which 

III.  That 


-l-tfl/WOtWl 


•m- 


i 


ifi "¥"1111'  i'i;»i|ii  »l  I   niiwiiyii 

III.  ^^ 

That  we  will  allow  them  the  Honours  of  War;  that 

they  march  out  with  Drums  beating,  and  one  Swivd 

Gun,  being  willing  thereby  to  convince  them,  that  we 

treat  them  as  Friends. 
y  IV.  -V  :  ■'■-■•'■  .   . 

That  as  foon  as  the  Articles  are  figned  by  both  Parties, 

the  Englijh  Colours  (hall  be  ftruck.   .  ,    ;     5 

V.  *  '     ■  ;. 
That  To-morrow,  at  Break  of  Day,  a  Detachment 

of  Frtnch  (hall  go  and  make  the  Garrifoinlle  of,  and 
take  Poflcflion  of  the  Fort.  •,   ., .,  ^   ,,  .       \ 

VI.  ■         ..  ^z'-  ^-.         ■■% 
As  the  Englijh  have  but  few  Oxen  or  Horfes  left,  they 

are  at  Liberty  to  hide  their  Effefts,  and  to  come  again, 
and  fearch  for  them,  when  they  have  a  Number  of  Horfes 
fufficient  to  carry  them  off;  and  that  for  this  End,  they 
may  have  what  Guards  they  pleafe  ;  on  Condition,  that 
they  give  their  Word  of  Honour,  to  work  no  more  upon 
any  Buildings  in  this  Place,  or  any  Part  on  this  Side 
the  Mountains. 

VII.  i:  I'V^m'-'M^- 

And  as  the  Englijh  have  in  their  Power,  one  Officer^' 
two  Cadets,  and  moft  of  the  Prifoners  made  at  the 
AfTallination  of  M.  de  Jumonville^  and  promife  to  fend 
them  back,  with  a  fafe  Guard  to  F^r/ </«  ^^,  fituate 
on  the  Ohio.  For  Surety  of  their  performing  this  Arti- 
cle as  well  as  this  Treaty,  M.  Jacob  Vambrane  and 
Robert  Stoboy  both  Captains,  (hall  be  delivered  to  us  as 
Hoilages,  till  the  Arrival  of  o\xc  French  and  Canadians 
above  mentioned.  We  oblige  ourfclvcs  on  our  Side, 
to  give  an  Efcorte  to  return  thefe  two  Officers  in  Safety  ^ 
and  expie£l:  to  have  our  French  in  two  Months  and  a  Half 
at  fartheft.  .  A  Duplicate  of  this  being  fixed  upon  one 
of  the  Polls  of  our  Blockade,  the  Day  and  Year  above 
mentioned.  James  Mack  aye, 

G.  Washington,    ' 
Signed,  Mejfrs.  Coulon,  Villiers.' 

NUMB. 


';} 


M 


A 


4t 


i«i=--'«««ai!«a3Bsa5«HHBP»<*»r 


f/ 


,,ii,~i»Hl  nigDifWfffWiipiP 


wjiiiinniwipm^www 


miifiimniiiiijiww 


i' 


Ir   i 


tr^ 


•f.^    ;'-r^''  !f>-^^.       numb!      X. 

f%e  Tranflation  «/"  a  Letttr  written  ^7  Robert  Stobo,  «*] 
Fort  du  Quefne,   'uoho  was  one  oj  the  Hoftages  given 
■for  a  foithfut  Performance  of  the  Capitulation  granted  t» 

.   the  Engliih  '■rrocps  commanded  by  Major  Walhington. 

•    gjj^.  '     .      I,.     July  the  iBth,  1754. 

AN ' Indian  called  tufquerera  John,  brought  here  a  I 
Pic<^  of  News,  which   has  greatly  alarmed  the 
Jnaians  oflis  River :  He  laith  that  the  Ualf-King,  M- 
naquahiha,  and  a  Chief  of  the  Shawanefe,  &c.  to  the 
♦Number  of  Thirty-feven,  have  been  taken  by  the  EngliJhA 
and  carried  away  as  Prifoncrs.     He  related  alfo,  that 
Jobm  Mainot,  alias,  James  Cork,  of  Montour's  Company, 
had  told  him.  that  the  Thirty-feven  Indians  were  to  be 
»11  hanged,  as  foon  as  they  had  reached  the  Englifb  In-I 
habitants,  and  advifed  him  to  make  his  Elcape.      Thii 
-was  very  dextcrouHy    reported,  on  the  Night  bcforcl 
«  Grand  Council  which  was  held  between  the  ShawanefeA 
the  French,  and  the  Indians,  their  Allies.     The  Frenchl 
made  them  a  long  and  elegant  Speech,  telling  them,  theyl 
-jdid  not  come  here  to  war  with  any  Body  \  but  that  the! 
Englifh  would  give  them  no  Peace  ;  that  they  were  inl 
Hope-v,  the  Indians,  their  Children,  would  not  allow  their 
father  to  be  infulted  in  his  old  Age-,  tht  neverthelcfs,! 
if  they  would  join  with  the  Englijh,  they  might  do  it  :l 
But  it  they  would  take  Time  to  confider,  they  wouldl 
find  it  more  to  their  Intcreft,  to  remain  in  Peace*.    Thii| 
is  all  1  could  learn  from  this  Council. 

The  French  accompanied  thefe  Speeches  with  two  lar| 
Belts,  and  two  Strings  of  Wampum  •,  their  Allies  did 
the  fame.  There  were  alfo  confiderable  Prefents  madcJ 
to  wit.  Sixteen  beautiful  Mulkets,  two  Barrels  ot  Gun-^ 

PowderJ 

•  It  is  therefore  proved,  by  the  EvWer.ce  even  of  tn  E>igl.Jhmu\ 

the  rooft  exafpeiated  againft  the  French,  that  thefe  did  not  flir  up  tM 

Miam  to  War.    Thii  Condua  may  be  compared  with  the  Laltiana 

8«btilty  of  the  Englijk,  which  we  f«  weU  repiefcBttd  m  the  Jourwa 


.■■alia  i  JBli*'' 


lUmSMh^^-:^-^* 


obcrtStobo,  gt\ 
Hoftages  givcn\ 
ItUion  granted  tt\ 
Walhington. 

28/^,   1754. 

brought  here  a  I 
ly  alarmed  thel 
Half-King,  Ma- 
r/f,  &c.  to  thel 
1  by  the  £»^/(/?',| 
lated  alfo,  <ni\ 
our\  Company, 
ians  were  to  be| 
1  the  Englijb  In- 
Elcape.      Thill 
le  Night  bcforcl 
:n  the  ShawanefeA 
IS.    The  i7-(r»fi| 
riling  them,  theyl 
ly  i  but  that  thel 
tat  they  were  inl 
Id  not  allow  theirl 
h't  nevcrthelcfsj 
ey  might  do  it:| 
let,  they  wouldl 
in  Peact*.    Thiil 

les  with  two  hrs 
i  their  Allies  dii 
le  Prefents  madcJ 
J  Barrels  ot  Gun-J 
FowdcrJ 
'en  of  tn  Englijh* 
efe  did  not  flir  up  tM 
red  with  theCiltstndl 
efenttd  in  the  jourBrlj 


■t;hr9! 


Powder,  B 

I  of  Cloaths. 

The  Sha 

! do  I  hear  t 

the  Hal/-K 

1  Wives  and 

I  the  Cheroke 

Number  at 

I  are  very  m 

this  News, 

Nations  in 

cannot  thi 

Indians  in  i 

I  Return  ;  b 

The  Sha 

I  great  Cour 

I  have  per 

them  they 

the  New-S 

A  Prelent 

be  of  grea 

with  the  C 

[would  fucc 

Xffecefftty)  w 

Iwe  called 

lof  little  £1 

Icalled  Engt 

■were  looke 

Ifce  you,  ^ 

■Confidence 

Jrother-in- 

Itrufted. 

On  the  c 

Iwhich  is  as 

vould  perr 

only  200  A 


•UdianH 
f>tfigtgn  Ci 


smssstiw— "w"*" 


•* 


Powder,  Balls  in  Proportion,  fixtecn  Vety  beautiiijfiuitt 
of  Cloaths,  niany  others  of  a  lefs  Value,  and  Blankets, 
The  Shawanefe  made  no  Anfwcr  at  that  Time,  ncithci" 
do  I  hear  they  have  made  any  fince.  It  is  affirmed  thai 
the  Half-King^  and  his  Band,  were  killed  ,  and  that  theif 
Wives  and  ChilA'cn  were  delivered  up  to  the  Barbarity  of 
the  Cberokees  and  Catawbas^  who  are  three  Hundred  in 
Number  at  the  New-Store.  Be  it  fo,  or  not,  the  Indians 
are  very  much  alarmed  tlwrcat }  and  had  it  not  been  tot 
this  News,  you  would  have  had  many  of  the  different 
Nations  in  your  Intereft.  If  it  fhould  be  true  (which  I 
cannot  think)  no  Dependence  can  be  put  upon  any 
Indians  in  thefe  Parts  -,  which  will  greatly  indangcr  out 
Return  i  but  this  is  not  to  be  confiderad. 

The  Shawanefe^  Pickos,  and  Delawages*^  have  held  d 

great  Council  together,  but  I  know  not  the  Iffue  of  it  t 

I  have  perfuadcd  fome  of  them  to  go  to  you,  affuring 

them  they  would  be  well  received,  and  that  there  was  at 

the  New-Store^  very  beautiful  Prefents  for  the  Indians* 

A  Prelent  made  in  a  proper  Manner  at  this  Time,  might 

be  of  great  Service  to  us.     If  a  Peacj  could  be  made 

with  the  Catawbas  and  Ci>erokm,  I  believe  every  Thing 

would  fucceed  well.  At  the  Battle  in  the  MeadoWs  f/^r/ 

\NeceJ/ity)  we  had  no  more  than  fix  or/even  Indians  whom 

jwe  called  ours  :    I  believe  they  were  Mingoes^    ftnd 

lof  little  Ertecm  in  that  Nation  j  in  particular,  one  wat 

jcalled  Englijh  John :  He  is  of  the  Number  ot  thofe  who 

Iwere  looked  upon  as  Spies.    I  heard  ht  was  to  go  and 

Ifee  you,  ^ith  his  People  :  I  would  have  you  put  no 

IConfidence  in  them<    1  fend  you  this  by  Monacote0ch*% 

brother- in-Law,  who  is  st  good  Subjcft,  and  may  be 

Itrufted.  ' 

On  the  other  Hand,  y«u  will  fee  the  Pkn  of  thefVjtti 

[which  is  as  well  drawn,  as  the  Time  and  Circimftances 

would  permit  me.     The  Garrifon  at  prefent,  contains 

only  200  Mm,  aU  Tradefmcn  •,  the  Reft,  one  Thoufand 

hdian  *l»tiofli.    Hie  Delmioagiet  nUy  be  tbtlatffl  wtom  Majg* 

yt\/htngtgn  calli  Dt/awartu 


k>.'iif»*  ■ 


'J'^irillliilfitiiir  1  ^ll^ 


i 


'■H^' 


r^W»l',»inil|ll' 


annpM 


mmm^mm 


•WW"*" 


ti       ' 


(    io6    ) 

in  Number,  ate  gone  in  diftcrcnc  DctacVimcnts.  Mr.  Mef- 
(ier,  a  good  Soldier,  is  to  leave  the  Fort  within  two  Days  j 
then  there  will  be  on\y' ContrecotuTy  with  fome  few  young 
Officers  and  Cadets.     A  Lieutenant  was  fent  fome  Days 
•go  with  200  Men,  to  get  Provifions  ;  He  is  hourly  ex- 
pcded  i  artd  at  his  Return,  the  Carrifon  will  contain 
400  Men.     La  Force  is  greatly  wanted  here  •,  No  more 
Dircoverics  are  made  fmce  his  Departure  •,  he  is  fo  much 
regretted,  and  wilhed  for,  thac  1  judge  he  was  a  Man 
ot  no  fmall  Account.    When  we  entered  into  our  Coun- 
try's Service,  it  was  expefted  we  would  do  it  at  the 
Expence  of  our  Lives  v  therefore  let  not  People  be  de- 
ceived j  confider  what  may  promote   llic   Expedition, 
without  the  leaft  Jlegard  for  us.     For  my  own  Part,  I 
could  die  ten  Thoufand  Deaths,  to  have  the  Satisfaftion 
of  poflefling  this  one  Engliffj  Fort  only.     The  French  are 
fo  proud  of  their  Succefs  in  the  Meadows,  that  I  had 
rather  die,  than  hear  them  fpeak  of  it.     Attack  the  Fort 
this  Fall,  as  foon  as  poffiblc  •,  gain  the  hdians  to  your 
Side  i  in  s  Word,  do  the  bed  you  can,  and  vou  will 
fucceed.     One  Hundred  Indians  who  can  be  depended 
\ipon,  are  capable  of  i  furprizing  the  Fort  :  They  have 
Admittance  therein  every  Day ;  they  can  conceal  them- 
felves,  fo  as  todifpatch  the  Guard  without  any  Difficultf 
with  their  Tamkanko  *  :  1  htn  let  them  (hut  the  Door 
fall,  and  the  Fort  is  ours.     There  are  at  Night,  only 
Coiurecoeur  and  the  Guard,  in  the  Fort,  who  never  exceed 
Fifty  Men  j  all  the  others  lodge  without,  in  Cabins  that 
arc  round  it.     For  God's  Sake,  fpeak  not  pt  this  to 
many  People,  and  let  it  be  to  fuch  as  you  can  truft. 
They  certainly  have  Knowledge  here  of  every  Thing, 
and  Ihould  they  know  what  I  am  writing,  the  leaft  that 
could  befal  me,  would  be  the  lofing  of  the  little  Liberty 
1  have.     1  would  look  upon  your  fending  me  News,  ai 
the  higheft  Favour  •,  but  make  no  mention  of  this  in 
your  Letter,    1  befeech  you  to  pafs  by  th^faults  that 

have 

•  This  Word  it  not  to  be  found  in  th^  DI^Qpar/.  y  bst  it  it  tbeug^it 
l»UCi^(r-if;#,  Skolt-breakeii, 


have  crep 
and  beliei 

P.  S. 
VeUware 

I  The  Su^ 
do  cer 
buglilh,  I 
Secretary's 
Done  at  Q 

w% 

Superior  C 
Letter^  an 
have  been 
could  both 
well.     Doi 


luStRUC 

GEOi 

INSIR 
Edwa 
Armies,  y 
mander  of 
are  afbuall 
levied,  to 
that  Conti 
;5th  of  A 
As  by 
kift,  we  ha 
all  and  ev( 
«fter  in  Ni 


'!':rtSZ!^<'&0^^'^^SZr.-. 


tJSisfJI^ivmeMitt 


I 


Its.  Mr.  Afet- 
kin  two  Day S} 
DC  few  young 
nt  fotne  Days 
is  hourly  ex ' 

will  contain 
re  i  No  more 
tie  is  fo  much 
;  was  a  Man 
ito  our  Coun-> 

do  it  at  the 
i'cople  be  dc- 

Expedition, 
r  own  Part,  I 
le  Satisfaftion 
'he  French  are 
s,  that  I  had 
ttack  the  Fort 
idians  to  your 
and  you  will 

be  depended 

:  They  have 
ronceal  thcm- 
any  Difficultf 
(hut  the  Door 
t  Night,  only 
i  never  exceed 
in  Cabins  that 
ot  pi  this  to 
ou  can  truft. 

every  Thing, 

the  Icaft  that 
r  little  Liberty 
;  me  News,  ai 
ion  of  this  in 
i^aults  that 
have 


jbiitU»tbettg}a 


wtrmmH^m'mm 


..iiwiipwiinmiMi.iimiiM 


(    »07    ) 
have  crept  in  this  Letter,  which  is  not  in  the  bed  Order, 
and  believe  that  I  am,  (iff.     Signed, 

ROBERTSTOBO. 
P.  S.    Shew  Kindnefs  to  this  IndiaH.     Shirtgas  and 
DelA'jjare  George^  are  come  here. 

I  The  Subfcriber,  em  of  the  Superior  Council  of  Quebec. 
do  certify,  that  I  have  trarftatcd  the  above  Letter  frcm 
Euglilh,  into  French,  the  Original  being  depofited  in  the 
Secretary* S'Office  of  the  Governor-General  0/ New-France. 
Done  at  Quebec,  the  Thirtieth  <?/ September,    i  jc;^, 
I    /    t^  1 ,,  .»r-    »*tjj*«  Signed,  Perthuis. 

WE  the  Governor-Generaly  and  Intendant  of  New- 
France,  do  certify^  that  M.  Perthuis,  one  of  the 
Superior  Council  of  Quebec,  hath  tranjcribed  the  abovt 
Letter^  and  that  vie  have  heard  all  the  Englifb  Pecplewho 
have  been  in  this  Town,  fay,  that  the  faid  M.  Perthuis 
could  both  f peak  and  tranjlate  the  EngliOi  Tongue  perfeSlly 
veil.  Done  at  Quebec,  the  30th  '</Scptembcr,  1 755. 
Signed,  V  aw  Kiv  11  and  "RiooT* 


'■  ^-  'V  * 


NUMB.    XL 


IwstRucTioNS  given  to  General  B%Ar)r>0CKt  h  ^" 
Britanniek  Majefiy, 

GEORGE  R. 

INS  r RUCTIONS  for  our  loyal  and  weU-beloved 
Edward  Brapdock,  Efq-,  Major-Gcneral  of  our 
Armies,  whom  we  have  appointed  pcneral  and  Com- 
mander of  all  and  ev«ry  of  our  Troops  and  Forces  which 
arc  aftually  in  Nortb-Jmericcty  or  may  be  fcnt  there,  or 
levied,  to  vindicate  our  juft  Rights  and  Pofleflions  on 
that  Continent.  Given  at  our  Court,  at  St.  James'r^  the 
a^th  of  I^ovember  1754,  and  of  our  Reign  the  28th. 

As  by  •ur  Commiflion  dated  the  24th  of  September 
teft,  we  have  appointed  you  General  and  Commander  of 
all  and  every  ot  our  Forces,  which  arc  or  Iholl  be  here- 
%(%tx  ui  Nortb'Ameriea  y  -*,  .,* 


rfe._ 


I 


fm<marm9* 


II'  I'lW' 


'IWP'  'I 


»*•»«•«■ 


■IPMPX 


(  108  ) 

In  order  to  enable  you  the  better  to  anfwer  the  Truft 
which  we  have  rcpofcd  in  you,  we  have  thought  proper 
to  give  you  the  tollowing  Inftruftions,  viz. 

J  ft,  We  have  given  our  moft  lerious  Attention  (o 
the  Hcprerentations  of  our  Subjefts  in  Nortb-yimerica^ 
and  to  the  prefent  State  of  our  Colonics  -,  and,  in  order 
to  preleve  our  Juft  Rights  and  FoflcflTions  from  Ufurpa- 
tions,  and  to  lecure  the  Commerce  of  our  Subjefts,  we 
have  ordered  two  of  our  Regiments  of  Foot,  which  are 
row  in  Ireland^  commanded  by  Sir  Peter  Halket^  and  Col. 
Dunbar^  forthwith  into  America.^  and  that  a  fuitable  Train 
of  Artillery  be  alfo  fent  there,  as  alfo  Tranfport  Veflels 
with  Provifions,  under  9  Convoy  of  a  certain  Number  of 
pyr  Ships  of  War. 

2d,  As  foon  as  you  have  received  our  prefent  Inftruc- 
tions,  you  (hall  embark  in  one  of  our  Veffcis  of  War, 
and  fhall  let  Sail  for  North- America^  where  you  fhall  take 
the  Command  of  our  Forces  •,  and  as  we  have  given 
Augujius  Kcppel  theCharge  of  commanding  the  Squadron 
of-  our  Ships  of  War  in  the  Ltitudes  of  America^  we  re- 
quire of  you,  and  enjoin  you  to  maintain  a  perfeft  In- 
telligence and  Correfpondencc  with  him,  as  teng  as  you 
are  employed  in  the  prefent  Service  •,  and  we  have  given 
the  fame  Orders  tathe  faid  Commander  of  our  Squadron, 
as  to  the  Condu<5t  and  Correfpondence  which  he  is  to 
keep  with  you. 

3d,  And  as  a  Number  of  Men  will  be  wanting  to 
compleat  our  faid  Regiments,  which  are  to  be  compofe4 
a^  Five  Hundred,  to  Seven  Hundred  Men  each  •,  and, 
as  o\ir  Intentions  are,  that  two  other  Regiments  of  Foot 
1)6  alfo  raifed,  compofed  of  One  Thouland  Men  each, 
which  (hall  be  commanded  by  Governor  Sbirleyt  and 
Sir  fViltiam  Pepperell,  (whom  we  have  nominated  to  be 
the  Colonels  thereof  5)  We  have  given  Orders,  that  the 
^Regiment  under  the  Command  of  the  Former,  (hall  have 
it!>  Rendezvous  at  Bojion  ;  and  that  under  the  Command 
of  the  Latter,  ziNew-Tork  and  Philadelphia ;  and  that 
pur  different  Governors:,  /hall  take  proper  Mcafurcs  bc- 
*  fore- 


fore-hand 
have  aboi 
are  to  be 
tioned,  pr 
Com  mane) 
Sir  yohn 
James  Peti 
view  the  'i 
fhall  be  m 
trom  Euro 
mentioned 
rival,  cnqi 
and  of  all 
as  alfo  of 
what  Prog 
ciition  of  ( 
be  able  to 
4th,  As 
Corkf  whic! 
Provifkms 
to  be  put  i 
5th,  As 
to  provide 
tenance  of 
our  Officer 
whenever  t 
tlicr,  and 
them  on  th 
Sea  v  to  ob 
be  given  tl 
point  froiT 
prefs  the 
oeceflary  f( 
raifed  in  Ai 
be  executec 
fQ«fcr  they 
Performan 
faid  Cover 
require. 


wer  the  Truft 
jought  proper 
liz. 

Attentior  (o 
hrtb^Americay 
and,  in  order 
fronn  Uliirpa- 
'  Subjefts,  we 
it)t,  which  are 
alket^  and  Col. 
fuitable  Train 
infport  Veflcls 
lin  Number  of 

irefentlnftruc- 
effcls  of  War. 
:  you  fhall  take 
e  have  given 
5  the  Squadron 
mericat  we  re- 
n  a  perfeft  In- 
as  long  as  you 
we  have  given 
our  Squadron, 
vhich  he  is  t9 

be  wanting  to 
:o  be  compofc4 
[en  each ;  and^ 
;imcntsofFoot 
ind  Men  each, 
)r  Shirley y  and 
)minated  to  be 
►rders,  that  the 
•mer,  (hall  have 
•  the  Command 
pbia  i  and  that 
:r  Mcafurcs  bc- 
forc- 


■ip" 


mm 


f  109  ) 
fore-hand,  to  contribute  as  much  as  they  pofnblycan,  t* 
have  about  3000  Men  ready  to  enlift  for  that  Purpofe,  who 
are  to  be  dillributcd  by  you  in  tia  Bodies  afure-men- 
tioned,  proportionable  to  the  Recruits  raifed  under  your 
Command  i  Hnd  as  we  have  thought  proper  to  detach 
Sir  yobn  St.  Claire  our  Quarter- Maftcr-General,  and 
James  Petchery  Efq;  our  Commiffary,  to  mufler  and  re- 
view the  Troops  in  America,  in  order  to  prepare  all  that 
(hail  be  neceffary  for  the  Arrival  ot  the  two  Regimenti 
from  Europe^  as  alfo  for  the  railing  of  the  Forces  above* 
mentioned,  ^ifou  (hall,  immediately,  upon  your  Ar- 
rival, enquire  of  the  Governors  who  are  neareft  to  you, 
and  of  all  the  Gpvernors  as  you  fhall  have  Opportunity, 
as  alfo  of  the  Quarter-Mafter-General  and  CommilTary, 
what  Progrefs  they  have  refpeftively  made  in  tlic  Exe* 
cution  of  oi<r  Orders  above  mentioned,  that  you  may 
be  able  to  -jcX  accordingly. 

4th,  As  it  was  reprefcnted  to  us,  that  the  Forces  from 
Corky  which  are  to  be  under  your  Command,  might  want 
Proviikms  at  their  Arrival  in  America,  we  have  caufed 
to  be  put  on  board,  (^c. 

5th,  As  we  have  given  Orders  to  our  faid  Governors," 
to  provide  a  Quantity  of  freih  Provifions,  for  the  Main- 
tenance of  the  Troops  at  their  Arrival,  and  to  furnifh 
our  Officers  with  whatever  they  (hall  have  Occafidn  for, 
whenever  they  are  obliged  to  go  from  one  Place  to  ano- 
ther, and  with  every  Thing  that  will  be  neceffary  for 
them  on  their  March  by  Land)  vvlien  they  cannot  go  by 
Sea  v  to  obferve  likewife,  and  obey  all  Orders  that  (hall'' 
be  given  them  by  you,  «teby  thofe  whom  you  will  ap- 
point from  Time  to  I'ijTO,  to  quarter  the  Troops,  to 
prefs  the  Tranfports,  and  to  provide  all  that  fhall  bc» 
neceffary  for  as  many  Troops  as  fhall  arrive,  or  fliall  be 
raifed  in  America.  And  as  thefe  different  Services  fhall 
be  executed  at  the  Expence  of  the  Governments  where- 
fo«rer  they  are,  it  is  our  Will  and  Pleafure,  for  the  due 
Performance  of  all  thefe  Articles,  that  you  apply  to  our 
faid  Governors,  or  any  one  of  them,  as  the  Cafe  will 
require.         •   r      ;>,■,.     . .  ^  6th, 


^ft  mmf  mmf 


■••^r 


mm 


mmm 


C       »!•      ) 

6th,  And  as  we  have  furthermore  ordered  our  faij 
Governors  to  do  their  utmoll  Kndcavours  lo  engage  mu- 
tually the  Aflcmbliai  of  their  Provinces  fjieedily  loraile 
A  Sum,  ai  confiderabte  as  they  can  obtain,  by  way  of 
Contribution  to  a  common  Fund,  to  be  proviftonally  em- 
ployed for  the  general  Service  in  Amerktt^  particularly 
to  pay  the  Charges  of  raifing  the  Troops  that  are  to  be 
made  Ufe  of  to  compleat  the  Regiments  above  mention- 
ed \  our  Will  is,  that  you  give  them  all  the  Advice  and 
Alliftanceyou  can,  in  order  toaccomplifh  thefe  advanta- 
geous Projects,  inedablifhingfuch  a  common  Fund,  ai 
inay  be  flifficient  tor  profecuing  the  Plan  of  that  Servict 
which  we propofe  to yiu%\  butyou  Ihall  beparticularlycare- 
ful  that  no  Money  be  given  to  theTroopsthat  areto  beun- 
der  your  Command,  except  the  Payments  which  will  be 
Jnade  on  Account  of  the  effedtive  Men  who  Ihall  be  fentyou. 

7th,  Having  thus  ordered  our  faid  Governors  to  cor- 
refpond  and  confer  with  you  concerning  all  Matters 
which  may  tend  to  accelerate  the  faid  Leviea  in  their 
rffpe«5live  Governments  :  Wc  require  that  yotif^id  and 
aflill  them  in  the  Execution  of  our  Inftruftions  \  where- 
fore  you  Ihall  not  only  entertain  a  conftant  and  frequent 
Correfpondence  with  them  by  Letters,  but  (hall  alfo  vifjc 
the  faid  Provinces,  or  fome  one  of  them,  if  you  think  it 
advantageous  to  our  Service ;  and  you  (halkput  our  faid 
Governors  in  Remembrance  to  ufe  all  poflible  Diligence, 
that  the  Execution  oiour  ProjeSls  be  not  delayed  by  the 
Slowi>cfs  of  the  Levies  which  are  to  be  made  in  their  r>- 
/pedivc  Provinces,  of  by  the  Want  of  Tranfpbrts,  Pro- 
vifions,  or  any  other  neceflaryiThing,  at  whatever  or  in 
whatever  Place  you  may  judge  it  convenient  to  appoin? 
Jor  their  general  Rendezvous. 

You  Ihall  aflemble,  in  order  to  he  an  AITiftance  to  you, 
a  Council  of  War,  which  w«  have  thought  proper  to 
appoint,  and  which  Ihall  confill  and  Ihall  be  compofed 
of  yourfelf,  of  th:  Commander  in  Chief  ot  our  Veflfili, 
•f  fuch  Govcrnc  ,  of  our  Colonics  or  Provinces,  and  of 

fuch 

$  In  order  t*  know  thit  Plan,  fee  bereaftor  Col.  NAPii»'tLe(ter, 


fuch  Colon 
convenient 
mandrr  of 
Majority  u 
tions,  whic 
iler  your  O 
may  have 
Manner  th: 
%luh  the  J 
laichtully  t( 

Hth,  Yoi 
mony  and  ] 
Governors  ( 
ihc  Chiefs 
promoting  i 
thofe  India) 
fome  propc 
Indian  Nati^ 
in  the  fame 
to  vi fit  the 
believe)  wil 
order  to  ens 
Forces  in  tl 
Kivantageoi 

9rh,  You 
Nature  and 
be  granted 
and  Provinc 
in  our  Inter 
»cry  careful 
be  made,  by 
and  Ihall  a 
Advice,  in  1 
particular  A 

:'■■  ,.s  ^itis" 

t  The  Ordt 
Hiruaioa.     Thi 
^uently  the  \a\ 
'  m9  U«  Pla 


■  -aaaUiiriifc*^' 


lered  our  faid 

10  engage  miN 
peeilily  toraile 
in,  hy  way  of 
avifionally  cm- 
(f,  particularly 
I  that  are  to  be 
ibove  mention- 
:he  Advice  and 

thel'c  advanta- 
inon  Fund,  ai 
of  that  Servici 
irticularlycare* 
lataretobeun- 
t  which  will  be 
hallbefentyou. 
ivernors  to  cor- 
ig  all  Matters 
Levies  in  their 
lat  yoil'Niid  and 
flions  ;  where- 
fit  and  frequent 
t  fhall  alfo  vific 
if  you  think  it 
iih  put  our  faid 
ible  Diligence, 
delayed  by  the 
lade  in  their  r^- 
ranfpbrts.  Pro- 
whatever  or  in 
lient  to  appoint 

riftance  to  you, 
ight  proper  to 

11  be  compofed 
ot  our  Vefiiili, 

ovinces,  and  of 
fuch 
API  I  »'i  Letter, 


^■•WilW^" 


r  ■    yw 


■ySM* 


'•*^''J 


r  tit  ) 

fiich  Colonels  nnd  other  Land  Officers,  as  fhall  l^d  at  • 
convenient  Diilancc  from  our  fiiiU  General  lad  Com- 
maiidrr  of  our  Forces  •,  and  with  their  Advice,  or  the 
Majority  ot  them,  you  fliall  determine  all  the  Opera- 
tions, which  arc  to  be  executed  by  our  faid  1  rot.,)s  un- 
der your  Orders,  and  every  other  important  Point  which 
nuy  have  any  CoiUbrmiiy  thereto  •,  and  tnat  in  the 
Manner  that  Ihall  be  moll  conducive  to  thole  EnJs  for 
%hub  the  faid  froops  are  deflinedt  and  you  fliall  anfwer 
Uichtully  to  that  Trud  which  we  have  placed  in  you. 

Hth,  You  fliall  not  only  maintain  the  moft  entire  Har- 
mony and  Friendlhtp  you  polFibly  can,  with  the  diffcrenc 
Governors  of  our  Colonies  and  Provinces,  but  alfo  with 
the  Chiefs  of  ijji^  Jndinn  Nations  j  and  for  the  better 
promoting  and  ftrcngtheningof  our  Corrcfpondcnce  with 
thofc  Indian  Nations,  you  fliall  endeavour  to  find  out 
fome  proper  Pcrfon  who  is  agreeable  to  the  Southern 
Indian  Nations^  and  fend  him  to  them  for  that  Purpole, 
in  the  fame  Manner  as  we  have  ordered  Colonel  Johnfon 
to  vifit  the  Northern  Nations,  as  being  the  Perlbn  (we 
believe;  will  be  received  with  the  mod  Satistackion  ;  in 
order  to  engage  them  to  takQ.Part,  and  X  to  adk  with  our 
Forces  in  thole  Operations  %hich  you  think  the  moft 
advantageous,  and  moft  expedient  to  undertake.  ♦ 

9rh,  You  fliall  enc^uire  from  Time  to  Time,  into  the 
Nature  and  Value  of  the  cuftomary  Prcfents  that  fliall 
be  granted  by  the  Afl^emblics  of  our  different  Colonies 
and  Provinces,  to  invite  and  engage  the  llklian  Nations 
in  our  Interefl,  and  in  our  Alliance  \  zttk  you  fliall  be 
wy  careful,  tliat  a  juft  and  faithful  Diftribution  thereof 
be  made,  by  fuch  Pcrfons  as  fliall  be  charged  therewith^ 
and  fliall  aflift  thofe  Perfons,  giving  them  your  beft 
Advice,  in  the  faid  Diftribution.  You  fliall  alfo  give 
particular  Attention,  that  chufe  Prefents  on  all  Occafl- 

„    \tr.'--ti...i^i.i\   .'?^\^>\  .         OnSj 

t  The  Orders  given  to  Colonel  Johnson  n^ere  long  before  this  In-' 
(ruAiofl.  Therefore  the  Proje6l  was  coicorted  long  ago,  and  conie- 
kuently  the  Invafion  in  the  Country  its«(«4  s^  the  River  Q^i>,  eatw^ 
Piat9th«riaB9f  ihj^tPfOje^^  ..  ^ 


%;\ 


i*f!  i "  '^-~  "i-    -•*' 


.f,ii^)>mf.'':"      "  <'     ''■"fi!W'''^f*^**y'i"- """"  "  "" 


rmm 


ffmifiirnmmmr'mmmm 


n 


(  m  ) 
•ns,  xvliere  fcver  they  Ihall  be  ir.adc,  be  prudently  dif*- 
pofed  of  t  as  alfo,  in  the  Cafes  wherein  Lieutenant 
Governor  Diwwiddie  is  concerned,  with  Regard  to  the 
feid  Indiansy  on  Account  of  the  Sums  of  Money  which 
arc  already  granted  in  his  Towns  or  elfewhere. 

loth.  As  it  has  been  reprefented  to  us,  that  the  French 
and  the  Inhabitants  %  of  our  Cerent  Colonies,  keep  up 
between  them  a  Correfpondence,and  a  prohibited  Trade, 
you  fhall  diligently  take  all  neceffary  Meafures  to  ftop 
the  Continuation  of  fuch  dangerous  Pradtices  \  and,  par. 
ticularly,  that  no  Sort  ot  Provifions,  fcfr.  be  furnilhed 
to  the  Freneb,  under  any  Pretence  whatfoever. 

We  have  thought  it  a  Thing  propcsF  in  the  prcfent 
Occafion,  to  fettle  the  Rank  which  |||to  be  obferved 
between  the  Officers  who  are  invefted  with  our  imme* 
diate  Commiflions,  and  thofe  who  ferve  under  the  Com* 
miflionsofou^Governors,  Cj'r. 

1 2th,  You  will  receive,  here  annexed,  a  Copy  of  the 
Orders  which  we  fent  thc,»8th  oi  Juguft,  1753,  to  our 
different  Governors,  wherein  we  enjoin  and  exhort  our 
Colonies  and  Provinflts  in  North-Americay  to  unite  toge- 
ther for  their  common  and  jnutual  Defence,  You  will 
alfo  fee  by  our  Orders  of  me  5th  ot  July  (a  Copy  of 
which  is  alfo  here  annexed)  our  reiterated  Orders,  for 
the  making  of  our  faid  Orders  of  the  48th  of  Augufi 
1 753,  to  be  obferved  with  more  Force  •,  and  that  we  had 
the  Goodnefs  to  order  the  Sum  of  Ten  Thou/and  Pounds^ 
to  be  fent  inifoecie  to  Governor  Ditmiddiey  (Md  to  per- 
mit our  faid  lillutenant  Governor  to  draw  for  another 
Sum  of  Ten  Tboufand  Pounds^  on  the  Conditions  men- 
tioned in  our  Order  of  the  3d  of  July  laft,  and  fent  to 
the  faid  L.ieutcnant  Governor  Dimviddie,  the  27th  of 
September  following,  for  that  Money  to  be  employed  tdf 
the  general  Service,  and  to  protect  North-America.  And 

'    .,  the 

*■ 
5  The  King  of  England  acknowledges  Itere  tbe  general  Law,  which 

keeps  oa^  European  Colony  from  going  to  trade  with  the  Indians  who 

are  fcattered  on  the  Territories  of  another  Colony.     It  is  by  that  Law 

dHit  the  Fi>-mi-/&  had  been  authorized  to  confifcatf  tbc  Goods  of  tholil 

M^gli^  who  MAC  to  uadc  oa  tlM  Rivtr  Obi»* 


*■'■*=  r  lir^  fKiJ--5-  ^  '^  *--i**rr  -  - 


■fJ^»jp^K'^.-<^_     ft 


Ic,  be  prudently  dif- 
wherein  Lieutenant 
t  with  Regard  to  the 
uins  of  Money  which 
or  elfewhcre. 
i  to  us,  that  the  French 
ent  Colonies,  keep  up 
»d  a  prohibited  Trade, 
fary  Meafures  to  ftop 
is  Pradtices  ;  and,  par> 
tns*  i^c.  be  furniihed 
;  whatfoever. 
proper  in  the  prefent 
ich  |||to  be  obferved 
efted  with  our  imme' 
>  fcrve  under  the  Com* 

nnexed,  a  Copy  of  the 
Auguftj  1753,  to  our 
enjoin  and  exhort  our 
America,  to  unite  toge- 
il  Defence,  You  will 
h  ot  July  (a  Copy  of 
reiterated  Orders,  for 
of  the  48th  of  Augufi 
•"orce  }  and  that  we  had 
f  Ten  Thou/and  Pouttds^ 
Dimviddiey  (Hid  toper- 
ir  to  draw  for  another 
n  the  Conditions  men^ 
f  July  laft,  and  fent  to 
')imviddie,  the  27th  of 
•ney  to  be  employed  t^ 
^  North- America.  And 
,  the 

Itere  tbe  general  Law,  which 
0  trade  with  the  Int/iam  who 
'  Colony.  It  is  by  that  Law 
»nfircatf  the  Goodi  of  tholf 

on*. 


(  "3  ) 
the  fcveral  other  Letters  of  the  25th  and  26th  of  OSlohef^ 
«nd  of  the  4th  of  November,  to  our  Governors,  to  Sir 
ll^illiam  Pepper  ell,  and  to  Colonel  Shirley  (Copies  of  which 
fliali  be  delivered  to  you  with  thefe  Prefents)  will  entirely 
acquaint  you  with  our  Orders  and  Iriftrudionsi  which 
have  been  lignified  to  ouf  Governors  and  Officers,  on 
that  Head  ;  which  will  Enable  you  to  enquire  how  they 
have  been  executed,  and  what  Advantages  they  have 
produced. 

1 3th,  You  fliall  not  fail  to  fend  us  by  the  firft,  and  by 
all  the  Opportulties  that  may  prefent  thomfelves,  a  clear 
and  particular  Account  of  your  Proceedings,  and  of 
every  Thing  that  (hall  be  cfltntial  to  our  Service,  by 
your  Letters  to  one  of  our  principle  Minifters,  and  Se- 
cretaries oF  State,  from  whom  you  will  receive  from 
Time  to  Time,  more  ample  Orders,  which  will  be  of 
ufe  to  you  for  your  Conduft. 

IThe  Subfcriber,  one  of  thg  Superior  Council  ff/"  Qiiebec* 
do  certify;  that  I  hwoe  tranjlated from  the  Englifti  int& 
French,  Word  for  IVord,  the  InJiruSiions  from  the  King  of 
Great-Britain /(7G^«^r<!/Braddock,  the  Original  being  de^ 
pofited  in  the  Secretary* s-Office  of  tbe  Governor-General  of 
New- France.  Bone  at  Qvzv.zCi  the  3 0//6  <?/ September 
One  Thou/and  Seven  Hundred  and  Fifty  f.ve.     Signed, 

Perthuis. 

WE,  the  Go'vernor-GeneraU  and Intcndant  of  New- 
France,  do  certify,  that  M.  Perthuis,  one  of  tbe 
Superior  Council  0/ Quebec,  hath  tranjlated  /row  Englifh 
into  French,  tbe  King  of  Great-Brirain'j  InftriiSiions  t» 
General  Braddock,  and  that  we  have  heard  all  the  Englifh 
People  who  halje  ken  in  this  To-wn  fay,  that  M.  Perthuis 
could  both  fpeak  and  tranflate  the  Englifh  Tongue  perfeSlyi 
mil.    Quebec,  50/^  (?/ September,  1755. 

..Signed,         ^^Vaudreuii.  <»/;i  Bioot. 


'^'•ii^->itrliH|lll    -•l-'Bt '' 


^-*  « 


„-.'..*- 


.  t»  '  ^.*>P' 


.,^,1111  umniwiilwiWplUWri    .iwiiw.iBinipiilS.ll,lMiWH|fM 


A  LETtER  v:YHtm  by  Olonel "N ATitK,  and  fmt 
/o  GVwrfl/ Braddock,  by  Order  of  the  Duke  e/CuM- 

berland* 

Sir,  London^  No'vem.  25,  1754- 

HIS  Royal  Higlinefs  the  Duke,  in  the  feveral  Audi- 
ences he  has  given  you,  entered  into  a  j>articular 
Explanation  of  every  Part  of  the  Service  you  are  about 
to  be  employed  in  •,  and  as  a  better  Rule  lor  the  Execu- 
tion of  his  Majefty's  Inftrudtions,  he  laft  Saturday  com- 
municated to  you  his  own  Sentiments  ot  this  Affair ; 
and,V«nceyou  were  defirous  of  torp.-tting  no  Part  thereof, 
he  ha:,  (-'•dcrcd  me  to  deliver  them  to  you  in  Writing. 
His  Royal  Highnefs  has  the  Service  very  much  at  Heart, 
as  it  is  of  the  higheft  Importance  to  his  M^fty's  Jm- 
rican  Dominions,  and  to  the  Honour  of  his  Troop*  em- 
ployed in  thofe  Parts.     His  Royal  Highnefs   hkewife 
takes  a  particular  Intereft  in  it,  as  it  concerns  you,  whom 
he  recommended  to  his  Majefty,  to  be  nominated  to 
the  chief  Command. 

•  The  Opinion  of  .his  Royal  Highnefs  is,  That,  im- 
mediately after  your  Landing,  you  confider,  what  Ar- 
tillery and  other  Implements  of  War,  it  will  be  necefiary 
to  tranfport  to  Willis-Creek,  for  your  firft  Operation  on 
the  Ohic,  and  that  it  may  not  fail  you  in  the  Service ; 
and  that  you  form  afecond  Field-Train,  with  good  Of- 
ficers and  Soldiers,  which  fhall  be  fent  to  Albany,  and 
be  ready  to.  march  for  the  fecond  Operation  at  Niagara. 
You  are  to  take  under  your  Command,  as  many.as  you 
think  neceffary,  of  the  two  Companies  ot  Artillery  that 
are  in  Nova-Scotia  and  Newfoundlandy  as  foon  as  the  Sea- 
fon  will  allow  •,  taking  Care  to  leave  enough  to  defend 
the  Ifland.     Captain  Ord,  a  very  experienced  Officer,  of 
whom  his  Royal  Highnefs  has  a  great  Opinion,  will  join 
you  as  foon  as  poflible. 

As  loon  as  Shirley's  and  Pe^erell's  Regiments  are  near 

compleat,  his  Royal  Highiietyls  of  Opinion,  you  ftiould 

caufe  them  to  encamp,  not  only  chat  they  may  the  fooner 

be  difciplined,  but  alfo  to  draw  the  Attention  of  the 

'^  French 


>     fr 


i'i 


■  ---Kiti^.'ite''      -  „ 


yHjiy>;HW«g".' 


ER,  aftd  ftnt 
)uke  o/CuM- 

.  25»  '754- 
feveral  Audi- 
o  a  particular 
you  are  about 
or  the  Execu- 
>aturday  com- 
)t"this  Affair; 

0  Part  thereof, 
)U  in  Writing. 
nuch  at  Heart, 
Vl^fty's  y^mc- 
lisTroop*  em* 
;hnefs  likewifc 
rns  you,  vhom 

nominated  to 

is,  That,  im- 
ider,  what  Ar- 
will  be  necefiary 
ft  Operation  on 

1  the  Service-, 
with  good  Of- 
to  Albany-,  and 

tion  at  Niagara. 
as  many*as  you  I 
)t  Artillery  that 
ibon  as  the  Sea- 
ough  to  defend 
■need  Officer,  of 
pinion,  will  join 

gimcnts  are  near 
nion,  you  fhould 
maythefooner 

ttention  of  the 

Frmh\ 


■I  in»im»»»""ij«w 


(     "5    )  ^ 

French.,  and  keep  therh  in  Siifpence  about  the  Place  yoti 

really  ddign  ta  attack.  His  Royal  Highnefi  docs  not 
doubt  that  the  Officers  and  Captains  of  the  feveral  Com- 
par)irs,  will  anlwer  his  Expectation,  in  Eorming  and 
difciplining  their  rcfpedive  Troops. 

The  moll  Ilrict  Difcipline  is  always  neceffary ;  but 
more  particularly  fo,  in  the  Service  you  are  engaged  in  \ 
wheretore  his  Koyal  Highnefs  recommends  to  you,  that 
it  be  conRantly  obferved  among  the  Troops  Under  your 
Command,  and  to  be  particularly  careful^  that  they  be 
not  thrown  into  a  Pannic  by  the  Indians.,  with  whom  they 
are  yet  unacquainted,  whom  the  Irenth  will  certainly 
employ  to  frighten  them.  His  Royal  Highnefs  recom- 
mends to  you,  the  vifiting  your  Ports  Niglit  and  Day  ; 
that  your  Colonels  and  other  Officers  be  careful  to  do  it  •, 
and  that  you  yourfelf  frequently  let  them  the  Example, 
and  give  ail  your  Troops  frequently  to  underfland,  that 
no  Excufe  will  be  admitted  lor  any  Surprife  whatfoever. 

Should  the  Ohio  Expedition  continue  any  confiderablo 
Time,  and  PeppereWi,  and  Shirlefi  Regiments  be  found 
fufficicnt  to  undertake,  in  the  mean  while,  the  Rcdudlion 
o'i Niagara.,  his  Royal  Highnefs  would  have  you  confider, 
whether  you  could  go  there  in  Perfon,  leaving  the  Com- 
mand of  the  Troops  on  the  Ohio^  to  fomc  Officer  on 
whom  you  might  depend,  unlels  you  fhall  think  it  bet- 
ter for  the  Service,  to  fend  to  thofe  Troops  fome  Perlon 
whom  you  have  (Jefigned  to  command  on  the  Ohio  j  but 
this  is  a  nice  Affair,  and  claims  your  particular  Attention, 
as  Colonel  Shirley   is  the  next  Commamler  after  you  •, 
wherefore,    if   you  fhould    fend  fuch  an  OlHcer,    he 
ntufl  conduit  himfelf  fo,  as  to  appear  only    in  Qiiality 
of  a  Friend  or  Counfellor,  in  the  Prefence  of  Colonel 
Shirley  \  and  his  Royal  Highnefs  is  of  Opinion,   that 
that  Officer  muft  not  produce,  or  make  mention  of  the 
CommilTion  you  give  him  for  Command,  except  in  fuch 
Cafe  of  abfblute  Neceffity. 

The  ordering  of  thefe  Matters  may  be  depended  on, 
if  the  Expedition  at  Crovm-Point  c.n  take  Pface^  at  the 
lame  Time  x\\ai  Niagara  is  beficgcd.  ^.     \i 


•■■»■ 


vV  ^AJ#-..^ 


«B>«e»  - 


»rt»>i»'?W7?'''!W^ 


(  i\6  ) 
If  after  the  Ohio  Expedition  is  ended,  it  fliould  be 
necelTary  for  you  to  go  with  your  whole  Force  to  Nia- 
gara, it  is  the  Opinion  ot  his  Royal  Highncfs,  that  you 
Ihould  carefully  endeavour  to  find  out  a  fhorterWay  from 
the  Ohio  thither,  than  that  of  the  Lake ;  which,  how- 
ever,  you  are  not  to  attempt  under  any  Pretence  what- 
foever,    without  a  moral  Certainty  of  being   fupplied 

with    PrOViflOnS,    ^C.  ^,r    »;r   n.  r 

As  to  your  Defign  of  making  yourfelf  Matter  of 
J^iagara,  which  is  of  the  greateft  Confequence,  his 
Royal  Highnefs  recommends  to  you,  to  leave  nothing 
to  Chance,  in  the  Profecution  of  that  Enterprize. 
■  With  Regard  to  the  reducing  of  Crown-Point,  the 
provincial  Troops  being  bed  acquainted  with  the  Coun- 
try, will  be  of  the  moft  Service.  After  the  taking  of 
this  Fort,  his  Royal  Highnels  advifesyou  toconfult  with 
the  Governors  ot  the  neighbouring  Provinces,  where  it 
will  be  moft  proper  to  build  a  Fort  to  cover  the  Fron- 
tiers of  thofe  Provinces.  .     .    -i 

•  As  to  the  Forts  which  you  think  ought  to  be  built 
(and  of  which  they  are  perhaps  too  fond  in  that  Country) 
his  Royal  Highnefs  recommends  the  building  of  them 
in  fueh  ^  Manner,  that  they  may  not  require  a  ftrong 
Garrifon,  He  is  of  Opinion  that  you  ought  to  build 
confiderable  Forts  cafed  with  Stone,  before  the  PHans 
?nd  Eftimates  thereof  have  been  fent  to  England,  and  ap- 
proved here  by  the  Government.  Hi?  Royal  Highnefs 
thinks,  that  Stockaded  Forts  with  Pallifadoes,  and  a 
good  Ditch,  c:^able  of  containing  Two  Hundred  Men, 
400  upon  an  Emergency,  will  be  fufHcient  for  the  Pre- 

As  Lieutenant-Colonel  Lawrence,  who  commands  at 
Nova-Scotia,haxh  long  projected  the  taking  o\ Beau-fejour, 
his  Royal  Highnefs  advifes  you  to  conlult  with  him, 
both  with  Regard  to  the  Time,  and  the  Manner  of  exe- 
cuting that  Defign.  In  this  Enterprize,  his  Royal 
Highnefs  forefees  that  his  Majefty's  Ships  may  be  ot 
grca^  Service,  as  well  by  tranfporting  the  Troops  and 
*>■'■•  Warlike 


Warlike  Ti 
cours  that 
yrancoife, 
other  Side 

With  I 
Operation: 
Highnefs 
the  French 
next  ^afoi 
make  then 
ton  your  1 
they  may  ( 
But  you  w 
ances,  and 
mended  to 
after  your 
Mind,  ho\ 
prized.  F 
eft  DifEcul 
therefore  n 
tcnfion  to  t 
lative  there 
Mafters  an 
nary  Suppl 
Barrels  of 
fecurc  the 

I  think 
wherein  yc 
be  any  intr 
rcpiefent  ii 
Ihall  readil; 
Highnefs  \ 
on  the  Suh 

I  wifb  y< 
this  Succefi 
define  you 
take  greate 
him,  whoi 


'  *J^  .>■%'■«*«**'■ 


it  fliould  be 
*'orce  to  Nia- 
ncfs,  that  you 
rterWay  from 

which,  how- 
'retepcc  what- 
eing   llipplied 

;If  Maftcr  of 
fcqiience,  his 
leave  nothing 
terprize. 
vn- Pointy  the 
vith  the  Coun- 
the  taking  of 
toconfultwith 
nces,  where  it 
)ver  the  Fron- 

;ht  to  be  built 
that  Country) 
Iding  of  them 
juire  a  ftrong 
ought  to  build 
ore  the  PHans 
n^landy  and  ap- 
:oyal  Highnefs 
lifadoes,  and  a 
Hundred  Men, 

nt  for  the  Pre- 

». 

>  commands  at 
yoi  Beau-fejoury 
lult  with  him, 
Vlanner  of  exe- 
ze,  his  Royal 
lips  may  be  of 
the  Troops  and 
Warlike 


■•<■ 


^mfrnfc 


(    "7    )     ■  f 

Warlike  Implements,  as  intercepting  the  Stores  and  Suc- 
cours that  might  be  fent  to  the  Frcncby  either  by  tUe  Bay 
Irmwoife,  or  trom  Cape-Breton^  to  the  Bay  Verier  on  the 
other  Side  of  the  IJlhmtts. 

With  Regard  to  your  Winter  Quarters,  after  the 
Operations  ot  the  Campaign  are  finifhed,  his  Royal 
Highnels  recomm  nds  it  to  you  to  examine  whether 
the  French  will  not  endeavour  to  maks  fome  Attempts 
next  ^afon,  and  in  what  Parts  they  will  moft  probably 
make  them.  In  this  Cafe  it  will  be  moft  proper  to  can- 
ton your  Troops  on  that  Side  at  fuch  Uiftances,  that 
they  may  eaiily  be  aflembled  for  the  common  Defence. 
But  you  will  be  determined  in  this  Matter  by  Appear- 
ances, and  the  Intelligence  which  it  hath  been  recom- 
mended to  you  to  procure  by  every  Method  immediately 
after  your  Landing.  It  is  unneceflTary  to  put  you  in 
Mind,  how  careful  you  muft  be  to  prevent  being  fur- 
prized.  His  Royal  Highnefs  imagines  that  your  great-. 
e(t  Difficulty  will  be,  the  Subfifting  of  your  Troops:  He 
therefore  recommends  it  to  you,  to  give  your  chief  At- 
tcnfion  to  this  Matter,  and  to  take  proper  Meafures  re- 
lative thereto  with  the  Governors,  and  with  the  Quarter- 
Mafters  and  CommilTaries.  I  hope  that  the  extraordi- 
nary Supply  put  on  board  the  Fleet,  and  the  Thoufand 
Barrels  ot  Beef  deflincd  tor  your  life,  will  facilitate  and 
fecurc  the  Supplying  of  your  Troops  with  Provifions. 

I  think  1  have  omitted  nothing  ot  all  the  Points 
wherein  you  defired  to  be  informed  •,  if  there  fhould  yet 
be  any  intricate  Point  un-thought  of,  I  defireyou  would 
represent  it  to  me  now,  or  at  any  other  Time  ;  and  t 
Ihall  readily  take  it  upon  me  to  acquaint  his  Royal 
Highnefs  thereof,  and  (hall  let  you  know  his  Opinioft 
on  the  Subjedl. 

I  wifb  you  much  Succcfs  with  all  my  Heart ;  and  as 
this  Succefs  will  infinitely  rejoice  til  your  Friends,  I 
defire  you  would  be  fully  peruladed  that  no  Body  will 
take  greater  Pleafure  in  acquainting  them  thereof,  than 
him,  who  is,  ^c.  Signed,  Robert  Napier. 

1^-  ■ '■    1  The 


i » 


Hi>  I  v!\iiiu^imimmaimtk 


fgii^^-.^>m'^>fKtttminm9itlfmrfmff^^ffpt 


(     Ii8     ) 

I  the  Suhfcriher,  one  of  the  Superior  Council  of  Quebec, 
d^  certify  that  I  have  tranjlated  the  above  Letter,  IVcrd 
jiorWord^  /rtf^  Englifli  into  French,  the  Original  beini 
depofited  in  the  Secretary" s-Office  of  the  Governor-General  cj 
New-France.     Done  at  Quebec,  the  Thirteenth  cf  Sep. 
tembcr,  One  Thoufand  Seven  Hundred  and  Fifty -five. 

Signed,     Perthuis, 

tV  TE  the  Governor-Genera! y  and  Intendant  cf  New- 
VV  France,  do  certify^  that  M.  Perthuis,  one  cf  tic 
Superior  Council  of  Quebec^  hath  tranjlated  the  above  Let- 
ter^ and  that  ive  have  heard  all  the  Englifli  People  -xh 
kave  been  in  this  Town  fay  \  that  the  faid  M.  Perthuis 
€Ould  both  fpeak  and  tranjlate  the  Englifh  Tongue  perfeai;j 
well.  Done  at  Quebec,  the  Thirteenth  cf  September, 
One  Tboufand  Seven  Hundred  and  Fijty-five.        ♦ 

Signed,    Vaudreuil  and  Bigot. 

NUMB.    XIII. 

^be  T R AS SLATiov' of  a  Regipr  of  Letters  written  by 
■   General  Braddock,  tothefeveralMiniJtersand'En^A 

Lords. 
^  LETTER    I. 

To  Henry  Fox,  Efquire,  Secretary  of  War. 

fVilliam/burgy  Feb.  z-^y  1755- 
A  FTER  a  Paflage  ot  feven  Weeks,  wherein  I  had 
jr\  Abundance  of  bad  Weather,  I  arrived  here,  ^here 
1  found  every  Thing  in  great  Confufion,  as  I  expcfted  ; 
a  great  deal  of  Money  has  already  been  fpent  here, 
though  but  very  little  done.     Sir  ^ohn  St.  Clair  is  juft 
now  come  here ;  I  refer  you  to  his  Letters,  they  will 
acquaint  you  of  the  bad  State  of  the  Independent  Com 
panics  of  New-Tork  •,  as  I  am  but  lately  come,  I  can 
give  you   no  News  thereof  my  felf.     The  Governor 
of  this  Place  is  of  Opinion,  that  tie  People  of  this  Pro 
vincc  are  fully  convinced  of  the  Ncceffity  there  is  tor 
them  to  give  all  the  Afliftahce  in  "•heir  Power,   in  an 
Affair  which  fo  nearly  concerns  them.    Governor  Dobbi 


*¥. 


IS 


is  well  enc 
and  hope 
will  do  no 
they  have 
puncluail) 
obliged  tc 
I  ihall  ha' 
you  of  th 
cfting.     I 


A- 

here  the  i 
that  the  Pi 
Neceffity  i 
which  the> 
that  partic 
So  littk 
hitherto,  i 
pofe.  Sir 
is  indefati 
expeded  \ 
you)  the  p 
of  our  Tn 
thy  Indepe 
the  richeft 
do  nothing 
the  Six-Ni 
have  as  yi 
have  a  gre 
but  as  I  < 
get  fome  ( 
have  mad( 
My  moft 
Highncfi 


1 


<'«w^i%i>i 


'Sma 


ncil  of  Quebec, 
ve  Letter,  IVord 
e  Original  bein^ 
lernor-General  of 
rteentb  of  Sep. 
'  fiftyjive. 
d,     Perthuis, 

efjdant  cf  New- 
thuis,  0)16  cf  tic 
d  the  above  Let- 
lifli  People  -jok 
id  M.  Peithuis 
Tongue  perfeSlly 
cf  September, 
je.  ♦ 
uiL  and  Bigot. 


tiers  written  by 
fters  and  Englilh 


y  of  War. 

•eb.  24,  1 755. 

,  wherein  I  had 
ived  here,  ^here 
I,  as  I  expected  5 
)een  fpent  here, 

St.  Clair  is  juft 
etters,  they  will 
dependent  Com 
:ly  come,  I  can 

The  Governor 
:ople  of  this  Pro 
jffity  there  is  tor 
r  Power,   in  an 

Governor  JDobh 


"IP'W 


m^mmmf^-  m  m  nmy— ■ 


"^ 


# 


C    "9    ] 

is  well  enough  pleafcd  with  the  People  of  this  Province,' 
and  hopes  he  will  be  mere  fo  hereafter.  Pennfyhania 
will  do  nothing,  and  furniflaeth  the  French  with  whateves 
they  have  Occafion  for.  I  ihall  execute  your  Orders 
pundlually,  and  with  as  much  Speed  as  poflible.  I  wa» 
obliged  to  appoint  a  Commiflliry  for  about  a  fortnight. 
I  Ihall  have  Occafion  to  write  to  you,  and  ftiall  acquaint 
you  of  thole  Particulars  which  I  (hall  think  moft  inter- 
cfting.  I  am  with  the  moft  profound  Relped,  Sir,  (^c. 
LETTER  II. 
To  Colonel  Napier,  Aid-de-Camp. 

Williamjhourgy  Feb.  2^^  ^7B5' 

A  FTER  having  pafled  through  all  the  Dangers  of 
A\  the  Seas,  from  which  I  have  cfcaped,  I  arrived 
here  the  20th  of  this  Month.  The  Governor  affures  me, 
that  the  People  are  more  tradable,  and  that  they  fee  the 
Neceffity  there  is  of  providing  for  me  all  the  Succouri 
which  they  muft  be  obliged  to  furnifh,  in  an  Enterprizc 
that  particularly  regard  themfelvcs. 

So  little  Order  or  Union  has  reigned  among  them 
hitherto,  that  much  Time  has  been  ipent  to  little  Pur- 
pofe.  Sir  John  St.  Clair  is  this  Moment  arrived.  He 
is  indefatigable,  and  has  done  all  that  could  pofTibly  be 
expeded  i  you  will  fee  by  his  Letters  (to  which  I  refer 
you)  the  prefent  State  of  Affairs,  and  the  bnd  Condition, 
of  our  Troops  in  this  Country,  particularly  of  the  unwor- 
thy Independent  Companies  ofNew-Tork.  Pennfyhania, 
the  richeft  and  moft  populous  of  all  thefe  Provinces  will 
do  nothing,  and  furnifhethithe  French  with  Provifions  ( 
the  Six-Nations  are  at  prefent  attached  to  the  French.  I 
have  as  yet  but  four  Twelve  Pounders,  which  will  not 
have  a  great  EfFcft  fhould  I  be  obliged  to  make  a  Breach; 
but  as  I  cannot  do  without  them,  I  will  endeavour  to 
get  fome  Cannon  from  on  board  the  Men  of  War.  We 
have  made  no  Preparations  as  yet  for  the  Tranfports. 
My  moft  humbip  Refpedls  and  Puty  to  his  Royal 
Highn^fi.         Jam,  my  Dear  Colonel^ 

Tour  moft  humble,  (^c. 

LETTER 


!    >l 


,KHHii  iL  m 


wm^m 


'         ■  (       120      ) 

:  LETTER    III. 

Tc  Sir  Thomas  Rodinson,    bis  Majeftfs  principU 
Secretary  •/  State. 
Sir,  iniliamJ/'Hrg,  March  18,  1755. 

I  Arrived  hrrp  the  20th  ot  h'cbruary.  Tho  Gibraltar 
hav!i.{_^  tailed  two  Days  alter,  1  could  not  give  you 
an  Account  by  her,  of  the  l^rcparations  which  arc  made 
in  the  Provinces,  for  the  Service  of  our  Expedition,  nor 
of  the  Meafiircs  I  muH:  taker  for  its  Succcfs. 

Immediately  after  my  Arrival,  1  wrote  with  all  Dili- 
gence, to  the  different  Governors  of  this  Continent,  to 
engage  them  to  do  their  Utmoft  m  their  refpeclive  Pro- 
vinces, to  obtain  Levies  oi  Men  and  Money,  agreeable 
to  his  Majefty's  Inftrudions  \  recommending  to  them, 
to  (hut  up  their  Ports,  that  no  Provifions  may  be  car- 
ried from  us  to  the  Enemy  •,  which  Governor  DinwiddU 
obferved,  and  executed  in  this  Province.     I  have  alfo, 
by  his  Majcfly's  Orders,  recommended  the  eftablilhing 
a  common  Fund,  with  the  Money  granted  by  the  diffe- 
rent Colonies,  which  fliould  ferve  as  a  capital  Stock,  to 
defray  the  Expence  of  the  general  Service  of  our  Expe- 
dition, and  which  might  be  fubjeft  to  my  Orders,  of- 
fering to  be  accountable  to  each  of  the  Provinces,  for 
what  Purpofe  it  fhould  be  employed,  whether  for  fecuring 
the  moit  effectual  Means  of  facilitating  the  Service  in 
which  I  am  engaged,  or  for  taking  the  Steps  moft  con- 
ducive to  its  Succefs.     The  Jealoufy  of  the  Peoplcj  and 
the  Difunion  of  the  Coloniei^  as  well  of  all  in  general, 
as  of  each  in  particular,  makes  me  almoft  defpair.     In- 
deed I  am  very  forry  to  tell  you,  that  according  to  all 
Appearance,  1  fhall  have  much  Difficulty  to  obtain  from 
thele  Colonies,  the  Succours  his  Majcfty  expcdts,  and 
the  common  Intereft  requires* 

The  different  Governors  of  the  Provinces  of  this  Con 
tinent,  will  inform  you  no  Doubt,  ^hat  each  ot  them 
have  already  done  towards  this  Expedition,   and  what 
they  intend  to  do  for  the  Time  to  come.    All  that  I  can 


tell  you  I 

Dinwiddi 

ty  Tbottfa 

greater  S 

that  Pur 

granted 

Pound fy  ej 

Vinces.    , 

Province, 

the  Even 

Thcrefon 

which  he 

virlce,  if  I 

A  Copy  < 

I  do  n 

you  of  th 

ments:  £ 

almod:  cc 

miliam  P 

Keppelt  fo 

Regiment 

port  VelT 

on  board 

cxpefted. 

ftead  of  c; 

cording  to 

in  Englattt 

able,  and 

dcrs  to  thi 

macHij  tO[ 

defign  to 

_  AH  the 

join  roe  I 

augment 

employ  th 

voiadu,  vrl 

two^om{ 

Captain,  t 


■g^yili^^ffi 


bjeftfs  principti 

larch  18,  1755. 
Thf  Gibraltar 
Id  not  give  you 
which  arc  made 
ir.xpedition,  nor 
ifs. 

:e  with  all  Dili- 
is  Continent,  to 

refpeclive  Pro- 
oney,  agreeable 
iding  to  them, 
ns  may  be  car- 
'ernor  DinwiddU 
e.     I  have  alfo, 

the  eftablilhing 
:ed  by  the  difFe- 
:apitai  Stock,  to 
ice  of  our  Expe- 
my  Orders,  of- 
e  Provinces,  for 
:ther  tor  fecuring 
5  the  Service  in 

Steps  moft  con- 

the  Peoplej  and 
af  all  in  general, 
oft  deipair.  In- 
according  to  all 
7  to  obtain  from 
ly  expeftsi  and 

i  noes  of  this  Con-" 
hat  each  o\  them 
lition,  and  what 
,  All  that  I  can 
#      tell 


tell  you  upon  this  Subjeft  at' prefer,  is,  that  Gorernd^ 
Dinwtddtc  has  already  obtained  from  his  Province,  TiveH- 
ty  Tboufand  Pounds  Currency,  and  hopes  to  obtain  a 
greater  Sum  from  the  Aflimbly,  which  is  prorogued  for 
that  Purpofe  to  the  firft  of  May  next.     North-Carolina 


Province,  and  whofe  Intercft  is,  above  all.  concerned  in 
the  Event  of  this  Expedition,  has  yet  granted  nothing  i 
Therefore  I  wrote  a  very  (harp  Letter  to  the  Governor* 
which  he  is  to  commynicate  to  theAflembly  of  that  Pro- 
virice,  if  he  thinks  proper,  to  bring  them  to  their  Duty. 
A  Copy  of  which  I  fend  you. 

I  do  not  doubt,  but  Governor  Shirley  has  acquainted 
you  of  the  Progrefs  made  in  raifing  x.\it,Amrican  Regi- 
ments :  By  the  Accounts  ^iven  me  of  his,  I  believe  it  19 
almoft  compleatedi  but  I  can  give%o  Account  of  Sir 
William  Pepperell's.  I  have  taken  Mcafures  with  Mr. 
Keppel^  for  fending  over  Arms  and  Cloathing  for  each 
Regiment,  with  all  poflible  Diligence.  AlltheTranf- 
port  Veffels  arc  arrived,  except  the  Severn^  which  has 
on  board  a  Company  of  Sir  Peter  Halice/\  and  is  daily 
expefted.  None  of  my  Men  have  been  yet  fick.  In- 
ftead  of  cantoning  my  Troops  as  I  at  firft  intended,  ac- 
cording to  the  Account  which  Sir  John  St.Clairhad  given' 
in  England  concerning  thern  ;  the  Wind  being  favour* 
able,  and  riot  imagining  any  Danger,  I  have  given  Or- 
ders to  the  Tranfport  Veffels  to  fail  up  the  River  Potcjo- 
mackj  to  proceed  to  Alexandria,  and  land  them,  where  t 
defign  to  encaitip.1  « 

AH  the  Levies  o^Vif-ginta  andMirylandi  are  alfo, to 
join  roe  at  Alexandria.  I  fhall  take  the  beft  Men  to 
augment  the  Englifit  Regiments  to  700  each,  and 
employ  the  othefs  as  it  was  agreed  with  Governor  Din- 
wV/jjf,  which  is  in  the  following  Manner,  viz.  To  form 
twoTompanies  of  Carpenters,  compofed  each  of  one 
Captain,  t^o  Subaltcrni,  two  Scrieants,  and  thiity  Men  a 

S  l*ie 


im 


.Mi 


m 


■»»w- 


•  C   til   ) 

the  firft  of  which  wiM  be  abfoluteljr  necefftry  to  make 
Roads,  build  Boats,  and  repair  the  Carriages,  i^c,  I  (hall 
employ  the  Refldue  ot  the  new-raifed  Men,  to  cover  the 
main  Body  of  the  Army,  and  (helter  it  from  all  Manner 
of  Surprize.  Thofe  Companies  (hall  be  paid  by  the 
Province,  and  be  upon  the  fame  Terms  with  thofe  of 
Old-England^  thcDiffcrencconly  of  the  Money,  which  is 
about  Twenty-five  per  Cent.  I  have  alfo  railed  a  Com- 
pany of  Guides,  compofed  of  one  Captain,  two  Aid-de- 
Camps,  and  ten  Men.  I  have  fixed  Foils,  in  order  to 
go  from  the  Head-Quarters  to  Pbiladelpbiay  to  Annapolis^ 
in  Maryland^  and  to  fVilliamJburg^  as  I  think  it  neceflaiy 
to  keep  a  Correfpondence  with  the  Governors  of  thefe 
Provinces. 

As  foon  as  I  can  pofTibly  afTemble  my  Troops,  lay 
up  Forage,  Provifions,  and  other  Things  neccfTary  for 
a  March,  I  (hall  fgoceed  to  work  at  the  Redudtion  of 
the  French  Forts  upon  the  Obh.  It  is  very  uncertain, 
whether  I  (hall  find  Grafs  beyond  the  Allegatt^  Mountaim 
before  the  End  of  Aprils  which  is  the  Time  I  expedl  to 
go  there.  I  cannot  as  yet  give  a  juft  Account  of  the 
Number  of  Troops  which  I  (hall  have  with  me.  If  I 
can  complcat  the  Engli/h  Regiments  to  a  Thoufand  four 
Hundred  Men,  the  Companies  of  Carpenters  and  Scouts 
to  the  Number  above  mentioned,  with  the  very  inefTcc- 
tive  Independent  Companies  of  New-Tork^  and  thofe  of 
Carolina^  I  believe  the  whole  will  not  exceed  2300  Men: 
I  was  propofmg  to  augment  them  by  Means  of  the  pro- 
vincial Troops,  to  the  Number  of  3000,  but  I  have  de- 
ferred that  Augmentation,  until  my  Interview  with  Go- 
vernor Shirley,  which  I  thought  neccfTary,  and  therefore 
have  ordered  him  to  meet  me  at  Annapolis^  laMarylandf 
where  I  cxpcd:  him  in  about  three  Weeks. 

Governor  Dinwiddit  propoies  to  accompany  me  thi- 
ther :  I  have  ordered  thofe  of  New-Tork  and  Pennfylvanii 
to  meet  me  there,  if  the  Affiiirs  of  their  Province#wilI 
permit  them.  At  this  Interview,  where  alfo  Commo- 
dore Kxppel  is  to  meet  me,  I  defign  to  fettle  the  Opera- 
tions 


tions  tf] 
concert 
Indian 
fecuriiij 
excite  1 
King's  : 
ufc  of  t 
(hall  be 
ber  of  F 
we  migl 
them,  tl 
arc  India 
or  Indiat 
except  tl 
Latter  w 
like  Nati 
all  the  01 
tached  tc 
Attachm 
us,  we  n 
or  the  J( 
occafion  i 
I  fend  j 
Comman 
//;>§,  w 
(lities  the 
and  brins 
Ur.Di 
pofes  to 
is  to  be 
fent  Exp 
ffnce  of 
me  at  pre 
to  him, 
give,  cou 
£xp:ditk 

that  the  Coi 


•*.-..,  .!^  TSSafiS" 


:.,-«■ 


mm  umim  ■mn 


mwwn^ 


I'lijujy^,^  y.L-A.,,11.."  Lf!?tr(a* 


(Khry  to  make 
cs,  i^c.  I  fhall 
I,  to  cover  the 
■om  all  Manner 
c  paid  by  the 
\  wiihthofe  of 
loney,  which  is 
I  railed  a  Com- 
n,  twoAid-dc- 
ts»  in  order  to 
a^  to  Annapolis^ 
link  it  neccflary 
crnors  of  thefc 

ny  Troops,  lay 
rs  neccflary  for 
t  Reduftion  of 
very  uncertain, 
^legawf  Mount  aim 
rime  I  expedk  to 
Account  of  the 

with  me.     If  I 
I  Thoufand  four 
nters  and  Scouts 
the  very  ineffcc- 
orky  and  thofc  of 
ceed  2300  Men: 
[cans  of  the  pro- 
,  but  I  have  de- 
ervicw  with  Go- 
•y,  and  therefore 
j/m,  in  Maryland^ 
:ks. 
ompany  me  thi- 

and  Pennfylvania 
:ir  Provincc#wiU 
:rc  alfo  Commo- 

fctUc  the  Opert- 
tions 


(    '23    ) 

tions  that  fhall  be  determined  for  the  northern  Parts,  and 
concert   the  moft   ufcful  Methods  for  recovering  the 
Indian  Frontiers  adjoining  the  different  Colonies,  and  for 
fecurujg  them  to  his  Majefty,  and  at  the  fame  Time,  to 
excite  the  Governors  to  ufc  their  utnjotl  Credit  for  the 
King's  Service,  in  this  important  Affair.    1  (hall  make 
ufc  of  the  firft  Opportunity  to  let  you  know  whatever 
/hall  be  determined.  I  cannot  eafily  tell  you  what  Num- 
ber of  Forces  the  FrtNcb  have  on  the  River  Obto  •,  but  if 
we  might  regard  the  different  Accounts  we  have  had  of 
them,  they  are  above  3000,  the  grcatelt  Part  of  which 
arc  Indians.     It  is  generally  thought  that  all  the  Iroquois 
or  Indians  of  the  Six  Nations^  are  in  the  French  Intcreft, 
except  the  Antes  *  :   Governor  Dinwiddit  hopes  that  the 
Latter  will  join  us,  together  with  the  Calawbas  (a  w.ir- 
like  Nation,  though  few  in  NumBer)  and  fome  Cherokees  \ 
all  the  other  Nations  to  the  South,  feem  at  prefent  at- 
tached to  tht  French  •,  but  as  we  ought  to  attribute  their 
Attachment  to  the  Succeflcs  they  have  lately  had  over 
us,  we  may  flatter  ourfelves,  that  the  Sight  oto-;.  .'^rmy 
or  the  Icafl  Advantage  wc  fhall  gain  over  thci.^,  may 
occafion  a  great  Change  in  their  Difpofitions. 

I  fend  you  inclofed,  the  Extraft  of  a  Letter  from  the 
Commanding  Officer  at  CbouagueHy  to  Governor  Dinwid'< 
die^t  which  proves  the  monftrous  Falfhoods  and  Abfui - 
(lities  the  French  make  ufe  of,  to  impofe  upon  tlie  Iudia>:s^ 
and  bring  them  to  their  Intereft. 

Mr.  Delaneey,  LieutenantGovernor  of  New-Tork^  pro. 
pofes  to  me  in  his  Letters,  to  employ  the  Money  which 
is  to  be  raifcd  in  his  Government  (deflined  for  the  pre- 
fent Expedition)  to  build  Forts  for  the  particular  De- 
fence ot  his  own  Province  \  as  this  Propofai  feems  to 
me  at  pre&nt,  altogether  out  of  Seafon,  1  have  obferved 
to  him,  that  all  the  Afliflance  which  the  Colonies  can 
give,  could  not  be  better  employed,  than  in  the  prefent 
Expedition. 

S  a  ,        Governor 

*<^TheretietheMoMAXvKi.  $  This  Letur  proves  tt  large, 

that  the  ComiDaadant  of  Cbtaagun  accafes  the  Frtuth  of  Falfhood, 


'    II 


Nynninw««<*^n^ 


^m^mmw^miim 


(       124      ) 

GovtrnnrDitttvUilie  obfcrves  to  mc,  tYiAtMr. Del/jncfy, 
\\M  confcntcd  to  a  Neutrality  bf  twcKn  the  Inhabitants  of 
jllbduy^  and  the  neighbouring  Indians^  who  arc  in  Alli- 
ance with  the  French.  I  don't  fee  ivhat  Rtafon  be  bad  to 
fuffer  a  Ihing  fo  extraordinary  -f- ;  but  that  feems  to  be 
produftivc  of  luch  great  Confcquenrcs,  that  I  prbpofe 
to  tell  him  my  Sentiments  of  it,  in  the  Itrongcft  lerms : 
I  find  myfeU  very  happy,  in  being  joined  in  the  Service 
of  his  Majefty,  by  an  Officer  To  capabV,  and  fo  difpofed 
to  take  all  the  Meafures  which  may  concur  with  the 
Succefs  of  this  Enterprize,  as  Mr.J(eppel  is.  As  I  have 
but  four  Pieces  of  Gannon,  of  Twelve  Pounders,  with 
the  Train,  and  I  thought  it  neceflaty  to  have  a  greater 
Number  of  them,  I  addrefled  myfrU  to  him,  to  get  four 
more  from  on  board  his  Ships,  with  neceflary  Ammuni- 
tion, which  he  granted  with  the  beft  Grace  in  the  World, 
as  well  as  a  great  many  other  Things  which  I  wanted  : 
He  likewife  gave  me  Thirty  Sailors,  with  proper  Officers 
to  command  them,  to  attend  the  Army  in  its  March  ; 
they  will  be  very  ferviceable  for  Building  the  Battoes,  to 
help  us  in  tranfporting  Artillery,  and  other  heavy  Bag- 
gage :  For  their  Subfillence,  I  have  fettled  their  Pay  with 
the  Commodore,  at  7bree  Shillings  and  Six-pence  per  Day^ 
for  the  Officers  •,  and  Six-pence  for  the  Sailors  ;  for  which 
I  (liajl  be  obliged  to  draw  upon  the  Quota  furnifhcd  by 
|he  Provinces. 

As  I  do  not  find  that  the  Provifioi.s  granted  by  the 
Provinces,  for  the  Subfiftencc  of  our  Troops,  will  be 
I'ufficient,  I  (hall  be  obliged  to  take  a  Thoul'and  Barrels 
pf  Beef,  and  ten  Caflcs  or  Butter,  out  of  the  Supply  of 
Provifions  fent  from  England.  Sir,  the  Juftice  which  I 
am  obliged  to  do  Governor  Dinwiddicy  will  not  permit 
(ne  to  finifh  this  Letter,  without  acquainting  you  of  the 
Zeal  he  has  (hown,  and  the  Pains  he  has  taken,  upon  all 
QocaTiQns,  for  the  Good  of  the  Service  of  this  Caufe : 

When 

t  What  it  wai  then  extraordinary  that  the  Infiabiunti  of  Al^ 
could  not  believe  that  Ihe/  w^te  at  War  with  the  Frtiuh  aa^  tltc  %• 
4im/n  their  Allies  i  .  :  ,i  ..•    ,      " 


■^..^ 


's/ 


IS.-- 


When  I 
his  Gov 
Lxpeda 
1  havi 
thit  Jbali 
Keppcl, 
haa  no  ( 
and  it  fc( 
Orders, 
Majefty 
I'he  Scvi 


Sir, 

I  Am  ir 
dians 
have  beci 
you  to  let 
Body  of  1 
French^  tl 
that  Rive: 
defend  th 
have  a  p< 
be  of  ver 
Expeditio 
their  Chie 
that  they 
ihall  be  n 
you  have 
ber  of  Im 
hope  your 
*nd  Child 
would  be 
the  Cam| 


*^»»^ii;M 


\t  Mr.  Dehftcfy^ 
:  Inhabitants  of 
ho  arc  in  Alli- 
icafon  be  bad  to 
at  fcpms  to  be 

that  1  propofc 
■ongcft  Terms : 
d  in  the  Service 

and  fo  difpofcd 
oncur  with  the 
'  is.     As  I  have 
Pounders,  with 
)  have  a  greater 
him,  to  get  four 
rflary  Ammuni- 
:c  in  the  World, 
hich  1  wanted : 
I  proper  Officers 
'  in  its  March  ; 
jtheBattoes,  to 
ther  heavy  Bag- 
d  their  Pay  with 
ix-pence  per  Diiy^ 
ilors  i  for  which 
iota  f  urnifhed  by 

granted  by  the 
IVoops,  will  be 

houfand  Barrels 
»f  the  Supply  of 
:  Juftice  which  I 

will  not  permit 
nting  you  of  the 
I  taken,  upon  all 

of  this  Caufe : 
When 

uliabiunti  of  Align 
Frtnth  aad  the  m- 


-"^sfm^s 


i".."i mmmmmmmm^ 


f     "5    ) 
When  I  confider  the  Faftion  that  prevailed  over  hlmjn 

his  Government,  1  find  he  has   lucceeded  beyond  'ail 

Lxpedation. 

1  have  Orders  from  his  Majefty,  to  put  all  the  French 

thzt Jballh taken  in  this  Expedition^  onboard  Commodort 

Ket)pcl,  to  be  condutled  to  France  \  but  as  Mr. /r<^/<r/ hai 

had  no  Orders  from  the  Admiralty  upon  that  Subje^ 

and  it  fcems  to  him  too  delicate  an  Arfair  to  aft  without 

Orders,  1  am  obliged  upon  this  Occafion,  to  requeft  hit 

MajeOy  fpr  further   Inftruftions,   as  ibon  as  puiQbici^ 

The  Severn  is  juft  arrived.    / «»«,  &c,   Jiiii  t^  i  :.\ 

,    ,f  ..L  E  T.  X.£  R    IV.  a  i/n  i>'u;  X 
Written  to  the  Governor  of  Pimnsylvania.     .n'i 


Sir,  Alexandria^  in  Virginia^  April  i*;,  f^^iy,' 

I  Am  informed,  that  there  is  a  great  Number  of  //»- 
dians  in  your  Province,  from  the  River  Obio,  who 
have  been  driven  from  thence  by  the  French.  I  defire 
you  to  let  them  know,  that  I  am  upon  a  March  with  4 
Body  of  the  King's  Troops,  to  take  by  Force,  from  the 
French^  thdlb  Ufurpations  which  they  tiave  made  upoil 
that  River,  there  to  reindate  the  IndianSy  our  Allies,  and 
defend  them  againft  their  Enemy.  As  thefe  Indians  muft 
have  a  perfeft  Knowledge  of  that  Country,  and  might 
be  ot  very  great  Ufe  during  the  whole  Courlc  -or  this 
Expedition,  1  pray  you  would  engage  them  tp  come  with 
their  Chiefs,  to  join  me  at  IVills's^Creek ;  and  aflure  them^ 
that  they  (hall  be  kindly  treated,  and  want  nothing  thac 
Ihall  be  neceflary  for  them.  Pray  acquaint  me  witlt  what 
you  have  determined  in  this  Affair,  and  aJfo  what  Num-r 
ber  of  Indians  will  come  to  me  from  your  Provioce  :  I 
hope  your  Province  will  take  Care  to  maintain  the  Wive» 
and  Children  of  thefe  People,  until  they  return :  They 
would  be  a  great  Incumbriwce,  if  the^  fhould  come  tm 


Ihe  Cac^p, 


Li*  '.in0lirus«i  4,Hi. 


:i^ 


UET. 


<  (. 


I  ' 


«i 


.<»>^uikt^it'iii^ui>i'^ki«>*>M 


W 


mniMn'  eatmtumm'i"  *'"  ""'"" 


H»  WHaimpwBHWHty^-'  ■ 


t"    >• 


?*■ 


I'i 


% 


(    it6    ) 

L  E  T  T  E  R    V. 

To  the  Honourable  Thomas  Robinson,  one  of  bis  Ma- 
jejlfs  Secretaries  of  State. 
■■-->...  Alexaudria,  igth  of  Jpril.  ly^g. 

I  Have  had  the  Honour  to  write  to  you  from  ffiiiiamf- 
burg,  the  1 8th  of  March  laft,  by  a  Veflel  which  was 
Co  fail  in  eight  Days  after. 

The  13th  of  this  Monih,GovernorS'i6/r/(py,accompanicd 
*'lth  the  other  Governors,  of  whom  I  made  mention 
in  my  laft,  came  to  me  here,  along  with  Col.  Jobnfon. 

At  this  Interview,.  Mr.  Shirley  laid  before  me  a  Plan, 
formed  between  him  and  iovernor  I^wr<»««  (of  which 
he  told  mc  he  had  acquiuinted  you)  for  befieging  the 
French  Forts  in  Acadia :  As  I  had  given  an  entire  Appro- 
bation to  if,  I  knt  Orders  to  Colonel  Monckton,  imme- 
diately to  take  upon  him  the  Command,  and  go  upon 
tliat  Expedition  without  Delay. 

I  have  alfo  agreed  with  him  upon  a  Plan  for  the  Re- 
duftion  of  Fort  St.  Frederick  J,  which  is  to  be  executed 
only  by  the  provincial  Troops  raifed  in  the  northern  Co- 
lonies, about  the  Number  of  4400,  under  the  Command 
of  Colonel  Johnfon,  a  Perfon  recommended  for  the  great 
Influence  he  has  over  the  Minds  and  Hurllburs  oi  the 
Indians  oi  the  Six  Nations,  and  for  the  Reputation  he 
hath  in  all  the  northern  Colonies. 

As  that  of  Niagara  is  the  moftlmportant  of  all  our 
Enterpnzes,  I  have  propofed  to  Mr.  Shirley  to  take  that 
Commiflion  upon  himfelf  •,  which  he  readily  did.  I 
therefore  ordered  him  to  take  under  his  Command,  his 
own  Regiment,  which  muft  be  compleated ;  and  that  of 
PeppereU'Sy  fiich  as  it  is,  to  prepare  for  that  Expedition, 
with  all  poflible  Diligence..  I  formerly  gave  Orders  for 
reinforcing  the  Garrifon  of  Chouaguen,  with  two  Com^ 
panies  o(  Pepperell'sy  and  with  uie  two  Independent 
Companies  of  New-Tork :  This  I  thought  a  neceflary 
S«e(},  for  putting  the  Works  in  fuch  a  Condition,  as  might 
preferve  the  Garrifon,  and  fecure  a  Retreat  for  our 
Ttoofs.  As 

.  ^^  -  t  PoMI^  la  Chevelare. 


m 

Se 
fit 

N( 

CO 

hit 
dei 
ab: 
G( 

ne' 

ren 
wh 
Ih 
by 
mo 
his 
feqi 
lac 
tow 
Six 
cOl 

po 

En 

thei 

Coi 

to 

trc! 

goc 

S'ur 

giv 

by 

inli 
Sbif 
Ne< 


tjtii.'WDilinwWinii  iHfti»jW(Ui.iffiHwwwwpww 


jiwi  ^if.imm  \vvv*M\'%it'''9,imv:fimn.vmH'inmmsi'^^ 


) 

I    V. 

NSON,  one  of  bis  Ma- 

f  State. 

gthof  Jpril  1755. 
to  you  from  Hiliiamf- 
by  a  VefTel  which  was 

lor  5i&/r/fy,accompanied 
vhom  I  made  mention 
ng  with  Col.  Johnfon. 
laid  before  me  a  Plan, 
ovLawrance  (of  which 
pu)  for  befieging  the 
given  an  entire  Appro- 
ionel  Monckton,  imme- 
mmand,  and  go  upon 

ipon  a  Plan  for  the  Re- 
vhich  is  to  be  executed 
ifed  in  the  northern  Co- 
3,  under  the  Command 
>mmended  for  the  great 
s  and  Hurllburs  ot  the 
i  for  the  Reputation  he 
s. 

>lt1mportant  of  all  our 
Mr.  Shirley  to  take  that 
ch  he  readily  did.  I 
nder  his  Command,  his 
)mpleated  ;  and  that  of 
ire  for  that  Expedition, 
jrmerly  gave  Orders  for 
ua^uen,  with  two  Com- 
1  the  two  Independent 
s  I  thought  »  ncceffary 
ch  a  Condition,  as  might 
cure  a  Retreat  for  our 

[lore.  - ' 


(     127     ) 

As  Mr.  Shirley  is  the  Officer  who  is  to  command  aftef 
me,  and  of  whofc  Integrity  and  Zeal  for  his  Majefty'i 
Service,  I  have  a  very  great  Opinion,  I  gave  him  Autho- 
rity, in  Cafe  there  wau  no  Treafury  nominated  in  the 
North,  to  draw  upon  his  Majefty's  Treafury  for  the  Ac- 
count of  Expences  of  the  Service  of  his  own  Diftrift. 

I  have  written  to  the  Duke  of  Newcajile^  to  convince 
him  of  the  Neceffity  of  afting  in  this  Manner  j  conH- 
dering  at  whatDiftance  we  are,  and  Impoflibility  of  being 
able  to  confer  Notes  upon  this  Subjeft.  He  writes,  that 
Governor  Shirley  has  propofcd  to  him,  to  treat  the  two 
new-raifed  Regiments,  as  thofe  of  Old-England. 

The  Copy  inclofed,  will  acquaint  you,  of  the  diffe* 
rent  SubjedV?  that  have  been  examined  in  Council,  and 
what  I  brought  upon  the  Carpet  at  this  Interview,  which 
I  have  had  with  the  Governors.  As  I  have  been  charged 
by  his  Majefty,  to  employ  thofe  Perfons  I  fliould  find 
moft  proper  for  bringing  over  the  Six  Indian  Nations  to 
his  Intereft  •,  it  appeared  in  Council,  of  the  greateft  C«n- 
fequence,  and  to  deferve  a  much  greater  Attention,  thaa' 
I  at  fu^  imagined,  that  for  fome  Years,  their  Conduft 
towaras  us,  declared  a  Diflatisfaftion  on  the  Part  of  thole 
$ix  Nations^  and  it  appeared  that  they  greatly  failed  in  the 
Confidence  they  repofed  in  his  Majefty's  Arms.  I  pro-' 
pofcd  Colonel  Johnfon^  as  the  propereft  Perfon  for  that 
Embafly,  becaufe  of  the  great  Credit  he  has  among' 
them.  My  Choice  was  unanimoufiy  approved  of  by  the 
Council  i  I  have  therefore  fent  him  a  Speech  which  he  is 
to  make  in  my  Name,  with  more  extenfive  Power  to 
treat  with  them  ;  and  he  alone  is  charged  with  this  Nc- 
gociation.  For  that  End,  I  have  advanced  to  him  the 
Sum  of  Two  Thoufand  Pounds  ;  ^.  800  of  which  is  to  be 
given  them  immediately,  in  Prefents,  and  reimburfed 
by  the  Colonies  j  the  Reft  for  Prefents  hereafter,  and  to 
pay  whatever  it  may  coft,  to  fct  them  to  work.  1  have 
in  like  Manner  given  him  Power  to  draw  upon  Gbvernor 
^hirleyy  for  more  confiderable  Sums,  in  Cafe  of  abfolute 
^feceflTity,  upon  1^0  other  ProvUb,  than  tokcepanexaifi 


i 


mmm 


ippif" 


liPPHMl 


m'mw*-;^mmm%M~-''^ 


(  ia«  ) 
Account  of  the  Ufc  that  fhall  be  made  thereof*  The 
Emergency  of  the  Service,  and  the  Neceffity  I  am  under 
of  depending  on  him,  engage  me  to  put  that  Confidence 
in  him  •,  and  the  Preofs  he  has  given  oi  his  Probity,  on 
every  Occafion,  affure  me,  that  lie  will  not  abufe  it. 

You  will  be  lufficiently  informed,  SiR,by  the  Minutes 
of  the  Council,  which  I  fend  you,  of  the  Impoffibility  of 
obtaining  from  feveral  Colonies,  the  Eftablifhment  of  a 
general  Fund,  agreeable  to  his  Majefty*s  Inftruftions, 
and  to  the  Letters  you  have  direded  to  me  for  feveral 
Governors.     Since  the  laft  Accounts  I  fent  you,  very 
little  Money,  and  very  few  Men,  have  been  furnilhed  by 
thele  Provinces.     The  Sum  of  ;C-  ^o*°°°  Currency  has 
been  fpent  in  Firginiay  although  that  Money  is  not  yet 
raifed.     The  Provinces  of  Penufyhania  and  Maryland, 
ftili  rcfufe  to  contribute.     The  Province  of  Nezv-Tork 
has  raifed  the  Sum  of  £.  5000  Currency,  for  the  Troops 
of  that  Province,  which  1  have  deftincd  for  the  particular 
Service  of  the  Garrifon  of  Chouaguen.    There  was  further 
raifed  in  that  Province,  thf  Sum  of  £.  4000,  for  the 
Fortifications  of  that  Government  ;  and,  above  all,  of 
the  Metropolis :  I  begged  Mr.  Delancey  to  fend  iiover 
for  the  general  Service  of  the  Fxpedition ;  but  I  very 
much  fear,  there  will  be  nothing  of  it. 

Governor 5/&;r/^  will  acquaint  you,SiR,  of  theExpcncc 
of  New-England,  upon  the  prodigious  Levy  of  Men  that 
haHbeen  made  in  thefe  Governments, /or  the  Enterprizes 
of  the  North*  -,  the  other  Governors  have  done  very  lit- 
tle, or  rather  nothing.  I  cannot  but  take  the  Liberty 
to  rcprefent  to  you,  the  Neceflity  of  laying  a  Tax  upon 
all  his  Majefty's  Dominions  in  America,  agreeable  to  the 
Refult  of  Council,  for  re-imburfmg  the  great  Sums  that 

muft 

,  •  The  proditioos  Leviei  m«de  for  tbe  Enterpnz«»  of  the  North ! 
Let  the  Sitaatiot.  oi  Canada  beconfidered,  with  Regard  to  »ief»g''fi 
Colonies^and  the  Defign  of  thefe  Enterprizes  will  be  perceived  by  all 
Men.  fomocheffeftaal  Preparation,  and  foch  confideraWe  Expencei, 
could  not  certainly  have  been  made  for  ihatWji  Objeft,  that  poof 
anfrnitfol  Country,  which  extendi  from  the  ApakchianlAomtMMXM 
|bt  Ohio,  which  is  fcarce  worth  the  Expence  «f  arming  one  Vettei. 


muft  be 
C\.  jnies, 
you,  that 
exceed  th 
I  was  perl 
ment  ima 
may  be  r 
Augment 
areaNiirr 
tor  trail Ip 
allb,  and 
thougli  I 
Wliether 
not,  I  fliQ 
Parfimoni 
the  projet!:i 
Sir,  to  re 
Propofals 
not  anfwet 
be- built  upt 
Ontario,  t< 
pence  to  h 

Since  r 
the  Honoi 
jelly's  On 
Continent, 
whereof,  ] 
thern  Coal 
and  difpat( 
execute  hi 
owning  w 
with  all  pi 

I  have  ( 
ficers  in  tl 
Troops,  vj 
obliged  to 
ccflity  of 
thofe  who  1 


I'lpiimi 


mmmmmm 


wm 


thereof*  The 
ity  I  am  under 
hat  Confidence 
lis  Probity,  on 
not  ^bufc  it. 
ay  the  Minutes 
^mpoflibility  of 
iblifhment  of  a 
*s  Inftruftions, 
me  for  feveral 
Pent  you,  very 
:n  furnifhed  by 
3  Currency  has 
jncy  is  not  yet 
and  Maryland^ 
'.  of  Nezv-Tork 
for  the  Troopi 
r  the  particular 
lere  was  further 
4000,  for  the 
I,  above  all,  of 
to  fend  illDver 
on  i  but  I  very 

,oftheExpcnce 
vy  of  Men  that 
r  the  Enterprizes 
re  done  very  lit- 
ake  the  Liberty 
ing  a  Tax  upon 
agreeable  to  the 
great  Sums  that 
muft 

izes  of  the  North  I 
:egard  to  the  Engliji 
1  be  perceived  by  alt 
nfiderable  Expencei, 
[)i  ObjeA,  that  poof 
'aciian  Mouittaini  t« 

armiog  one  Vcflcl. 


muft  be  advanced  for  the  Service  and  Intcreft  of  the 
•^.  jnies,  in  this  important  Crifii.  I  am  obliged  to  tell 
you,  that  the  Expcnce  of  the  Service  of  America,  will 
exceed  the  Quota  of  each  Province,  by  much  more  than 
I  was  pcrluaded,  and  will  go  beyond  what  the  Govern- 

mentimagmcd.  Among  othtrinnumerableRealons  which 
may  be  mentioned,  is,  that  there  will  be  confidcrable 
Augmentation  in  the  Service  under  my  Diredion  There 
are  a  Niimber  of  Horfes.  Waggons  and  Battoes,  neceffary 
tor  tranlporting  the  Artillery,  Baggage,  &c.  Couriers 
alio,  and  the  cxcrflivc  Price  of  daily  Labourers.  Al- 
though  I  am  refolved,  to  ufe  the  greateft  (Economy. 
Wliether  that  Sum  be  re-imburfcd  by  the  Provinces  or 
not,  I  fl^ould  be  blamed  by  his  Majdly,  if  by  untimely 
Parfimony,  feeing  tlie  Situation  of  Affairs,  I  fhould  make 
the  projeded  Operations  mifcarry.  You  will  permit  me. 
Sir,  to  refer  you  to  the  Minutes  of  the  Council,  for  the 
1  ropofals  I  made  to  the  Provinces,  to  which  they  have 
not  mf-wered  particularly  coikerning  the  Battoes  which  fljould 
Mialt  upon  the  Lakes :  Tne  Building  of  thofe  uponL^i^^ - 
Ontario,  to  be  direded  by  Governor  Shirley,  and  the  Ex- 
pence  to  be  paid  by  Commodore  Kep^c' 

Since  my  Departure  from  Williamf'' \  ;'  have  had 
the  Honour  to  receive  a  Letter  from  y'i  ,  .  .h  his  Ma- 
jefty's  Orders,  for  augmenting  the  Regiments  of  this 
Continent,  to  a  Thoufand  Men  each,  in  Confequence 
whereof,  I  have  employed  fuch  Officers  along  the  Sou- 
thern Coafts,  as  feemed  to  me  moft  proper  for  recruiting, 
and  difpatched  a  Courier  to  Mr.  Lawrence,  that  he  might 
execute  his  Majefty's  Orders,  upon  that  Subjedt,  con- 
wning  what  regards  the  Regiments  of  his  Province, 
with  all  poflible  Diligence, 

I  have  Orders  from  his  Majcfty,  to  make  no  new  Of-\' 
ficers  in  thefe  Regiments  ;  but  this  Augmentation  of 
li-oops,  with  the  Number  of  little  Detachments  I  am 
obliged  to  make,  have  already  put  me  under  the  Ne- 
ccflity  of  nominating  a  Number  of  Subalterns,  to  aflift' 
toofc  whQ  have  bpen  recommended  to  me  from  Old-Eng- 

T.  landf 


'iSt^Sa^i^l^mi^SA 


fs,vjl»«EMMJMW|tliJii!S!Jl'.','?! 


W,  to  fervcwkhoutky!^f  til  Places  arc  v^^^^^^^^^ 

each  ot  thefe  Detachments,  there  is  to  be  an  Utticer  wno 

rtovlvc  the  Charge  of  the  Provifions  and  Calh  •,  and 

alfo  to  ma  k  out  thf  Camps  which  muft  be  formed  every 

NighHo  want  of  Villages,  much  more  neceffajj  m 

thrCountry,  as  the  Woods  ure^rery  clofe  and  thick-, 

by  hat  Meai;;,  the  OfficerWill  be  better  -abled to^^ 

his  Troops  before  him,  to  prevent  any  Surprize  from  the 

mL  Parties,  which  is  always  very  much  to  be  cared, 

notwithftanding  all  the  Precautions  ^^^^h  I  could 

For  that  Rcafon,   and  many  others,    which  I  couW 

defcribe  to  you,  I  cannot  exprefs  to  you,  how  much 

D^culty  I  tlar  in  the  Service*^l  am  entrufted  with-  in 

^SlmV.,  it  the  Nurnber  of  Officers  be  no^aug. 

mentcd    in  Proportion  to  that  ot  the  1  roops.     As  the 

S  Dependence  upon  this  Country,  obliges  me  to  fetch 

PrtlfSrom  feleralColonies,  far  ^ift-t  one  from  djc 

other,  1  have  been  obliged  to  5om»"VV^°  SS^d  S 
Afliftants,  forViaualling,toUomI  have  afl^gf^j^^^f 
SFiabay.  Ihave  alf?named,  aauarter-MalterGene- 
ral iSant  at  the  fan^e  Pay,  becaufe  of  theNeceflity  1  am 

"nder    of  employing  SirV «  ^'-  <ij^\^^  ^^^^^^l 
from  me,  occupied  at  prefent  m  making  the  Roads  and 

Bridges,  and  providing  Waggons  Horfes,  C^c.  for  tranf- 

porting  the  Ammunition,  Provifions,  and  Artillei^ 

^  1  have  met  with  fuch  Difficulties  in  getting  Carriage , 

as  would  have  been  infurmountable,  without  the  ^cai, 

and  Aftivity  of  the  Officers,  and  others,  e^^oyed  for 

that  Purpoie.    The  Want  of  Forage,  »  aP'^'^^'tV  J 
fee,  withL  Remedy ,  to  fupply  which.  I  ffiairbeo^^^^^^ 

to  turn  out  the  Hories  to  Grafs  upon  the  Moum^n^ 
I  defign  to  fet  out  from  here,  for  Fredmck,  To-morrow 
MoSg;  to  take  the  Road  for  ^///iVCr.^*,  where  I 
Stave  been  before  if  I  ^ad  not  been  ftopp^^^^^^ 
wait  for  the  Artillery,  and  am  much  affraid  it  w^  keep 
,ne  here  longer.  I  hope,  by  the  Beginmn^  of  A%^  to 
be  upon  the  Mountains,  and  lome.Time  m  7««e,  to  M 
able  tQ  difpatch  an  Exprtfs,  which  will  ^quaint  you 


long 


WWWWWf^JWJMilij 


re  vacant-,  to 
in  Officer  who 
nd  Ca(h  •,  and 
» formed  every 
c  ncceffary  in 
ofe  ai»d  thick  •, 
rnabled  to  have 
rprize  from  the 
:h  to  be  feared, 
:  can  be  t^ken : 
which  I  could 
Du,  how  much 
ruftcd  with,  in 
era  be  not  aug- 
roops.     As  the 
ges  me  to  fetch 
int  one  from  the 
ivo  CommilTary- 
ve  afligncd  Four 
ter-MalterGenc- 
heNeceflity  1  am 
>•,  at  300  Miles 
g  the  Roads  and 
^es,^;?^.  fortranf- 
and  ArtilleJ7. 
letting  Carriages, 
without  the  Zeal, 
rs,  employed  for 
is  a  Difficulty  I 
I  (hall  be  obliged 
the  Mountains. 
rick.  To-morrow 
's-Creek,  where  I 
>t  been  flopped  to 
ifFraid  it  will  keep 
ining  of  May,  to 
ne  in  Jurte,  to  be 
vill  acquaint  you 
with 


(     Ui     ) 
with  the  Iflue  of  our  Operations  on  the  River  Olie. 

Though  I  have  done  all  in  my  Power,  I  have  not  been 

able  to  get  a  more  exaft  Account  of  tlie  Number  of 

Frencb^  at  prefent  on  the  Ohio  ;  but  I  expeft  to  get  more 

certiin  Intelligence,  when  1  iball  be  at  i y ills' s-Creeky  and 

(hall,  take  my  Meafures  accordingly. 

I  cannot  fufficiently  exprefs  the  Satlsfadion  I  have  to 

be  employed  in  his  Majefty's  Service  in  America^  at  a 

Tim';  when  it  is  in  my  Power  to  form  and  execute  a  , 

Plan   for  attacking  the  french,  in  all  their  confidcrablc 

Pofts  ufurped  upon  his  Majefty's  Lands  v^  North-Ameri-  ^ 

cat  even  to  the  Southern  Parts  thereof.     I  fee  a  great 

Appearance  of  Siiccefs  in  each  of  them.     I  perceive  fo 

ftn£i  a  Connexion  between  each  of  tbefe  ProjeSis^  that  the 

Succefs  of  the  one,  will  procure  us  that  of  the  ether.     If 

then  I  fucceed  in  the  firft,  and  moft  important  of  thelc 

'Projefts,  1  am  perfuaded  that  his  Majefty  will  ftop  the 

Progrefs  of  the  French  in  their  new  Settlements,  and 

that  it  will  ferve  to  make  his  Subjefts  upon  this  Continent 

take  Courage,  and  roufe  them  frwn  the  Carelefincfs  and 

Negligence  of  iheirDuty,  with  which  they  have  been  a 

long  Time  reproached,  with  fo  much  Juftice. 

/  am,  with  the  moft  profound  Refpe^,  &c. 

I  The  Subfcriher,  of  the  Superior  Council  of  Quebec,  do 
certify.  That  I  have  tranflated  from  Englifh  intv 
French,  fVord  for  IVord,  all  the  Letters  contained  in  the 
prefent  Record,  of  Major-General  Braddock,  the  Origins ! 
of  which  remains  deported  in  the  Secretary  s-Office,  of  thfi 
Governor-General  of  New-France.  Done  at  Quebec,  the 
30/i&<?/ September,  1755.     Signed,  Perthuis. 

WE,  the  Governor-General,  and  Intendant  of  New- 
France,  do  certify,  That  M.  Perthuis,  one  of  thf. 
Superior  Council  «/ Quebec,  hath  tranflated  from  Englifii 
into  French,  all  the  Letters  contained  in  the  prefent  Repfter, 
and  that  we  have  heard  the  Englifh  that  frequent  this  City, 
fay,  that  the  JaidM.  Perthuis yjo^/i^J  Englifh,  and  tranfiatcs 
itperfealy,  Qucbep,  Scptciriber  30,  1755.  Signed, 
<s -=^.  ^i«#  1  t   .  Vaudreuii.  fl«<i  Bigot. 

•■- •   T  f.  Otkr 


m 


M 


I'm 


Liitti^^  ~ 


—  •Wi.r^BP^ 


ip.iMlft| 


\ 


'        V  (     I3«    ) 

Ciber  Litters  of  General  Braddock,  found  in  a  Book 
.  feparated  from  the  above  Regijler. 

To  the  Duke  of  Newcastle. 

My  Lord,  IVilliamJburg,  March  20,  1755. 

I  TAKE  the  firft  Opportunity  to  fatisty  your  Grace's 
Command,  in  acquainting  you,  with  my  Arrival 
here,  and  that  of  the  Vcflcls  which  have  tranfported  the 
Troops  under  my  Command  \  my  Voyage  has  been  very 
fatiguing  5  but  the  Tranfport  Ships  have  been  better 
treated,  becaiife  there  was  not  one  fick  on  board  of  them. 

I  don't  know  as  yet,  what  EfFeft  his  Majefty's  Orders 
will  produce  in  the  Minds  ot  the  People  here  *,  concern- 
ing the  prefent  Expdition.  I  cannot  yet  fay,  whether 
the  leveral  Governors  have  altogether  the  Influence  that 
was  expefted.  I  labour,  and  fhall  always  continue  my 
Endeavours,  to  excite  them  to  defray  the  Expences  of 
this  Expedition,  through  their  Provinces  :  They  are 
obliged  to  grant  it,  to  prove  their  Attachment  to  his 
Majefty,  and  anfwer  what  their  Interefts  require. 

For  that  Purpofe,  I  have  commanded  Go\er nor Shirl^ 
to  come  to  me  Sit Annapolis,  in  Maryland,  and  have  defired 
the  Governors  of  New-Tork  and  Pennfyhania  to  come 
with  him,  if  the  Bufinefs  of  their  Governments  would 
permit,  I  will  not  make  you  a  long  Detail  of  all  Things 
wherein  I  ambufy  concerning  the  Service  in  which  lam 
engaged  •,  as  J  wrote  at  large  to  the  Secretary  of  State 
about  that  Matter.  I  defirc  you  would  luflTer  me  to  refer 
you  to  his  Letter,  for  all  Things  you  would  defire  to 
know, 

Shirley*s  Regiment  will  foon  be  entirely  compleat  (if 
it  be  not  fo  already)  that  of  Sir  IVilliam  PeppereWs  I  ima- 

fine  is  advancing  very  n^uch,  and  when  I  fee  Mr.  Shirley, 
fhall  concert  with  him  about  the  Manner  that  will  ap- 
pear tame  bcft,  for  the  Employment  of  the  Forces  in  tne 

North. 
*  It  it  then  to  the  pofitive  Orderi  from  the  Coart  of  Loudtni  and 
not  to  the  ardent  Defire  of  the  Governors  of  the  tnglijb  Cclonin,  that 
thU  Atteoipt  of  the  Inil'Jb  ought  to  bo  atuibuKd. 


North, 
tempt  the 
and  I  hop 
other  Side 
Afl'jrtance 
in  the  Go 
with  the  t 
pcdition : 
is  difpofed 
Which  I  c 
As  fmal 
ing  the  Tr 
traders  M 
as  foon  as  | 
or  Five  Tk 
Treafurcr 
am,  witht 


My  I 

THE] 
cone 
the  Part  y< 
ment  of  thi 
Situation : 
Excellency 
favourable 
and  of  the] 
rying  on  w 
I)iredion, 
of  his  Subj 
Some  Ti 
Account  of 
all  thefe  Co 
no  Need  of 
forty,  that 
thefe  ColoQ 


t^^mmmmttsiH*' 


'und  in  a  Book 

r. 


^^2o»  1755' 
'  yourGj-ace's 

;h  my  Arrival 

ranfported  the 

;  has  been  very 

'c  been  better 

)oard  of  them. 

ajefty's  Orders 

ire  *,  concern- 

t  fay,  whether 

Influence  that 

1  continue   my 

;  Expcnces  ot 

s  :    They  are 

:hment  to  his 

require. 

overnorSbirley 

id  have  dc fired 

va»ia  to  come 

iments  would 

1  of  all  Things 

in  which  I  am 

;tary  of  State 

Fer  me  to  refer 

»uld  defire  to 

y  complcat  (if 
ppereWs  I  ima- 
iee  Mr.  Shirleyy 
;r  that  will  ap- 
c  Forces  in  tne 
North. 

rl  of  tondtn^  and 
lifi  C«lonies,  that 


C  I3S  ) 
North.  I  am  to  march  with  thofc  I  have  with  me,  to  at- 
tempt the  Redudion  of  the  French  Forts  upon  die  Obio^ 
and  I  hope  that  I  (hall  be  by  the  End  of  Jpril,  on  the 
other  Side  of  the  Allegany  Mountains.  I  have  had  all  the 
Aflirtance  poflible  from  Comnnredorc  Keppel;  and  found 
in  the  Governor  of  this  Province  a  Man  who  contributed 
with  the  beft  Grace,  to  the  Neceflities  of  the  prefent  Ex- 
pedition :  This  Province  through  the  Governor's  Care, 
is  difpofed  at  prelent  to  fupply  wh never  it  will  be  able. 
Which  I  dare  not  hope  from  other  Governments. 

As  fmall  Money  would  be  very  neceflary  here  for  pay- 
ing the  Troops,  I  pray  your  Grace  would  order  the  Con- 
trafters  Mr.  Hanbury  and  Mr.  Thomlinfon,  to  fend  over 
as  foon  as  poffible  (if  they  have  not  done  it  already)  Four 
or  Five  Thoufand  Pounds  in  Dollars  and  half  Dollars,  the 
Treafurcr  ot  the  Troops  having  only  Gold  at  prefent.  I 
am,  with  the  moft  profound  Refped,  ^c. 

•  To  the  Earl  e/ Halifax.  *' 

(IVithout  Date.) 
My  Lord, 

THEIntereft  which  your  Excellency  has  in  all  that 
concerns  his  Majefty's  Dominions  in  America^  and 
the  Part  you  bear  in  the  Adminiftration  of  the  Govern- 
ment of  them,  oblige  me  to  give  you  an  Account  of  my 
Situation  :  I  hope  i^  will  not  be  difpleafing  to  you.  Your 
Excellency,  without  Doubt,  has  been  informed  of  the 
favourable  Succefs  the  Tranfports  have  met  with  here, 
and  of  the  Meafures  I  have  taken  at  my  Arrival,  for  car- 
rying on  with  Succefs,  his  Majefty's  Service  under  my 
Diredion,  which  may  tend  to  his  Intcrcfts,  and  to  that 
of  his  Subjedls  upon  this  Continent. 

Some  Time  ago,  I  fent  to  the  Secretary  of  State,  an 
Account  of  the  Succours  that  have  been  granted  me  by 
all  thefe  Colonies,  upon  the  prefent  Occafion.  There  is 
no  Need  of  fending  it  to  you  in  particular.  I  am  very 
lorry,  that  I  am  obliged  to  fay,  that  the  Inhabitants  of 
thcfc  Colooies  in  general,  h^ve  all  fhcwn  much  Negli- 


t'  >. 


**■ 


t.4_ 
\*1 


'"■■«~-'^--«%>»! 


'■**'**«'««»<^^tapwsaK'('w " 


w 


•mnp 


■PMr 


C     '34    ) 
#ence  for  his  Majefty's  Service,  and  their  own  Interefts 
Ncverthelels  they  have  not  all  equally  deferved  this  Cen 
furc,  and  particularly  this  Province,  where  I  am,  ouglit 
not  to  be  put  in  Comparilbn  with  their  Neighbours,  and 
may  feem  not  to  have  merited  thefc  Reproaches. 

lam  perfuaded,  that  the  Account  your  LordOwp  has 
received  of  the  good  Difpofitions  of  the  Northern  Co- 
lonies, and  particularly  of  that  under  the  Command  of 
Mr.  Sbirleyy  ought,  very  juftly,  to  gain  him  the  Good- 
will of  his  Majefty.    I  cannot  fufficiently  exprefs  my 
Indignation  againft  the  Provinces  of  Pennfyhama  and 
Maryland,  whofc  Intereft  being  alike  concerned  m  the 
Event  of  this  Expedition,  and  much  more  fo  than  any 
other  in  this  Continent,  refufe  to  contribute  any  Thing 
for  fuftaining  the  Projeftj  and  what  they  propofe,  is 
<ionc  upon  no  other  Terms,  than  fuch  as  are  altogether 
contrary  to  the  King's  Prerogatives,  and  to  the  Inftruc- 
tions  he  has  fent  to  their  Governors.    You  wdl  perhaps 
be  glad  to  know,  that  1  have  affembled  the  Governors 
■of  New-England,  New-York,  Pennjylvania  and  Maryland, 
together,  and  have  6xed  the  Plan  which  we  are  to  follow 
in  attacking  the  iT^*fi5' all  at  once,  in  all  their  Encroach-i 
ments  upon   Nova-Scotia,   Crown-Point  and  Niagara, 
which  muft  be  executed  with  all  the  Refolution  and  Cou- 
rage imaginable.  n  i-  /» 

(He  repeats  all  that  he  wrote  to  Sir  Thomas  Robtnfon, 
in  bis  Letter  dated  April  the  19th,  which  is  the  5th  r 
the  above  ftegifter.)  , 

I  have  given  Colonel  Jobnfon  full  Power  to  treat  wit 
t\\c  Six  Nations,  and  their  Allies,  and  with  all  the  othe 
Indians  of  the  Vfdi,  as  far  as  he  (hall  find  it  neceffary-, 
and  have  fent  him  Speeches,  that  he  muft  make  to  them 
on  my  Behalf.  I  have  alfo  given  him  Money  for  Prelcnts, 
and  Power  to  draw  upon  Governor  Shirley,  if  he  finds  it 
necefT^y  on  this  Occafion. 

"     Mr.  Poronal*,    or  Pownall,  has  laid  before  me,  a 
♦Contraa  made  in  the  Year  1701,  by  the  Six  Nattom, 

whereby 

*  JbeIiive3roiiinayri«l/^«w«/.  '^ 


whereby  tl 

Lands.    T 

the  Breadth 

Ontario  and 

John/on,  w 

to  affure  th( 

than  to  ret; 

them  tor  t! 

1  will  n 

propos'd  ii 

built  upon 

agreed  to 

and  thoug! 

Size  and  F 

I  propo 

Fort  on  tl 

to  be  by  tl 

detained  1 

the  Incon^ 

try,  as  th 

gons,  and 

before  the 

I  fet  of 

Road  to  J 

the  End  < 

Account 

the  Powe 

formed, 

rable  Ufi 

jefty*s  Fr 

the  moft 

that  it   ' 

of  the  B 

Continer 

<J  It  i«  < 
traa.ofwl 
in  Amtriu 
BOt  to  be 
to  rcinllU 


;«,-,^.%-*%,'-.Sf^ 


mmm 


mim  iiM* 


|r  own  Intfrefts.  I 
'erved  this  Gen- 
re I  am,  oughti 
eighbours,  and] 
roaches, 
r  Lordfhip  has] 
e  Northern  Co- 
Command  of 
him  the  Good- 
tly  exprefs  niyj 
^ennfyhania  and! 
mcerned  in  thel 
ore  fo  than   ann 
bute  any  ThingI 
they  propure,  isl 
IS  are  altogecherl 
d  to  the  Indruc-I 
fou  will  perhaps! 
"  the  Governors 
a  and  Maryland^ 
we  are  to  followl 
their  Encroach- 
1/   and  Niagara^ 
slution  and  Cou- 

Thomas  Roiinfen, 
ch  is  the  5th  ia 

Krer  to  treat  with 
irith  all  the  other 
ind  it  necefTary; 
jft  make  to  them 
ney  for  Prefcnts 
leyy  if  he  finds  it 


d  before  me, 
he  Six  Nations, 
whereby 


C    135    ) 

whereby  they  give  to  his  Majifty,  all  their  Hunting 
Lands.  This  Ccfllon  comprehends  an  Extent  of  Land, 
the  Breadth  of  60  Miles,  along  the  Coafts  of  the  Lakes 
Ontario  and  Erie.  I  have  given  this  Contra6b  to  Colonel 
'Johnfotty  with  Orders  to  prcfent  it  to  them  from  me,  and 
to  aflure  them  that  I  am  come  here  upon  no  other  Dcfign," 
than  to  retake  theie  Lands  from  the  French^  and  prcfcrve 
them  for  their  Ufe  f . 

1  will  not  recount.  Word  for  Word,,  what  has  been 
propos'd  in  Council,  about  the  Veffels  which  are  to  be 
built  upon  Lake-Ontario  %  Commodore  Keppel  and  I,  have 
agreed  to  give  Mr.  Shirley  the  Diredlion  of  that  Affair, 
and  thought  proper  to  give  him  Liberty  to  determine  the 
Size  and  Force  of  thefe  Veflels,  as  he  thought  proper. 

I  propofe  to  begin  my  March,  in  order  to  attack  the 
Fort  on  the  OhiOy  with  all  poflible  Diligence  :  I  thought 
to  be  by  this  Time  upon  the  Mountains,  but  I  have  been 
detained  by  a  Number  of  Difficulties,  as  well  through 
the  Inconveniency  of  the  Climate,  and  State  of  the  Coun- 
try, as  the  Want  of  a  great  Number  of  Horfes,  Wag- 
gons, and  other  Equipages,  which  have  been  fought  long 
before  they  could  be  procured. 

I  fet  off  To-morrow,  for  Frederick,  which  is  on  the 
Road  to  Fort-Cumberlandy  upon  IVill^s-Creek,  and  before 
the  End  of 'June,  I  hope  I  mall  be  able«to  give  an  AlaA 
Account  ot  the  Affair  at  the  Ohio.  1  hope  I  (hall  have 
the  Power  co  put  in  Execution,  the  Plan  which  I  have 
formed,  for  forcing  from  the  French  the  moft  confide- 
rabie  Ufurpations  that  they  have  made  upon  his  Ma- 
jefty*s  Frontiers  of  North-America.  Should  I  fucceed  in 
the  moft  important  of  thefe  Operations,  I  am  perfuaded 
that  it  will  be  cafy  for  his  Majcfty  to  ftop  the  Projeds 
of  the  French,  which  increafe  more  and  more  upon  this 
Continent.     lam,  withRefpeSl,  &c. 

Antther* 

9  It  it  exccHent  enoDgh,  that  notwithfiandingthlipretMiM  Con- 
traa,  of  which  they  make  a  great  Account  of  in  Eurafi,  they  arc  obliged 
in  Amtrica,  t»  endeavour  to  perfoad*  the  hJiani  (a  PMJ^e  i/he  ar* 
not  to  be  babUcd)  that  th'ey  are  at  War,  for  a«  wj^  Rflfon  thn 
to  rcinAite  them  in  thtir  Pofl*effions. 


i-1 


I 

i 

4 


■*ip«»T>^««(!ijjigj»t«.\ 


.  -^im^mmmmm 


wmimmiifmim 


C^'^'  I 


\     ,.y 


f 

\1 


li:.^. 


7^  (    136    ) 

'Another  LETTER,  thod^bt  to  be  written  to  Sir  Thomai 
,  Robinlbn,  though  the  Perfon's  Name^  to  whom  it  is 
Jire£iedy  is  not  mentioned. 
X.        fort-Cumberland^  at  IVilU's-Creeky  June  s^'i  755- 
Sir, 

I  HAD  the  Honour  to  write  to  you  from  Frederick^ 
the  latter  End  ot  April. 

I  arrived  here  the  iothofA/<»v,  and  the  1 7th  arrived 
the  mi>rt  ot  the  Army,  coming  from  Alexandria^  alter  a 
March  or  rwcnty-feveii  Days,  having  gone  through 
many  Dil^ficulties  and  Obftacles,  as  well  through  the 
Badnefs  ot  the  Roads,  as  the  Want  of  Forage,  and  the  lit- 
tle Zeal  in  the  People,  for  the  Succefs  of  our  Expedition. 

I  have  at  laft  aflcmbled  all  the  Troops  deftined  for 
the  Atuck  of  Fort  du  Slyefne^  which  amount  to  2000 
cffcdlive  Men,  of  which  there  are  1 100  furniflied  by  the 
Southern  Provinces,  who  have  fo  little  Courage  and 
Difpofition,  that  fcarceany  military  Service  can  be  ex- 
pcfted  from  them,  though  I  have  employed  the  beft 
Officers  to  form  them. 

When  I  arrived  here,  my  Defign  was  to  ftay  only  a 
few  Days  to  reft  my  Troops  ;  but  the  Difficulty  of  get- 
ting Horfes  and  Waggons,  in  order  to  pafs  the  Moun- 
tains, has  obliged  me  to  remain  here  almoft  one  whole 
Month. 

Before  I  left  IVilliamJburg^  the  Quartcr-Mafter-Ge- 
ncral  told  me,  that  I  could  depend  upoii  4500  Horfes, 
and  200  Waggons  from  Virginia,  And  Maryland  i  but  I 
had  great  Reafon  to  doubt  it,  having  experienced  the 
falfe  Dealings  of  all  in  this  Country,  with  whom  I  have 
been  concerned  j  wherefore,  before  my  Departure  from 
Frederick,  I  defired  Mr.  Benjamin  Franklin,  Poft- 
Mafter,  of  Pennfylvania,  who  has  great  Credit  in  that 
Province,  to  hire  1 50  Waggons,  and  the  Number  of 
Horfes  necefTary  j  whii^h  he  did,  with  fo  much  Goodneft 
and  Readinefs,  that  it  is  almoft  the  firft  Inftance  ot 
Integrity,  Addrefs  and  Ability,  that  I  have  feen  in  all 
thcfc  Province*.  All  thcfc  Waggons  and  Horfes  have 
r      '       '  '   V  .^        ."       V     '  joined 


r 


*■ 


f».~--ji0^ 


to  Sir  Thomai 
to  whom  it 

June  5,  ly 55. 

from  Frederick^ 

^c  1 7th  arrived 
<andriay  alter  a 
gone  through 
II  through  the 
ige,  and  the  lit- 
)ur  Expedition, 
ps  dcftincd  for 
lount  to  2000 
Lirniflied  by  the 
;  Courage  and 
vice  can  be  ex- 
}loyed  the  beil 


r  to  ftay  only  a 
ifficulty  of  get- 
pafs  the  Moun- 
noft  one  whole 

tcr-Mafter-Ge- 
1  (500  Horfcs, 
Vlarylandi  but  I 
ixpcriencrd  the 
ch  whom  I  have 
Departure  from 

.ANKLIN,   Poft- 

t  Credit  in  that 
the  Number  of 
much  Goodnefs 
iril  Inftance  ot 
have  feen  in  all 
nd  Horfcs  have 
,    v;       joined 


t 
( 

i 
t 
a 
t 
t 

I 
ii 
0 
a 
c 
n 

|0 

|t( 

|f( 

la 

d 


joined  m 
miles  of 
tliaii  the  i 
With  thii 
though  1 1 
marching 
trd,  and 
foiT  me,  t 
tains  of  A 

I  lhoul( 
innumeral 
found,  be 
moil  abfc 
the  Courf< 
1  have  air 

liie  G( 
Purchafe  I 
be  deliver 
the  Trooj: 
Credit  of 
Aflembly, 
this  Expet 
and  ordert 
the  Contra 
the  Afleml 
gagements 
As  this  Al 
immediate 
of  the  Pur 
and  rcquir 
count  of  t! 
me  the  Bei 
of  little  o 

Anothci 
to  furnifh 
"ome,  whi( 
and  I  faw  : 
dred  Mile! 


5»^ 


.ft--'« 


'    (     »37    )  *^ 

joined  me,  in  wliich  1  lay  great  Strcfs.  The  fine  Pro- 
miles  oi  ^ir^inia  and  Maryland^  amounted  to  no  more 
than  the  furnilhing  Iwcnty'Wagrrons  and  200  llorft-s : 
With  this  Number  I  Ihall  be  able  to  fctolf  from  here, 
though  1  mull  mcrtwith  inlinitc  Difficulties,  particuhirly 
marching  with  only  a  Part  of  the  Ammunition  I  expec- 
ted, and  havin<j  been  obliged  to  fend  a  Detachment  be- 
fore n^ie,  to  lay  up  and  Iccurc  Provifions  upon  the  Moun- 
tains of  A!U^auy^  which  are  five  Days  March  from  here. 

I  Ihould  never  tinilTi,  were  I  to  give  a  Detail  of  tiie 
innumerable  Inftances  of  the  Want  of  Integrity,  I  have 
found,  both  in  general,  and  in  particular,  and  of  the 
moil  abfolute  Contempt  of  Truth,  I  have  met  with  \\\ 
the  Courfe  of  this  Service.  I  capnot  help  adding  to  wh*t 
1  have  already  told  you,  two  or  three  Examples. 

Ihe  Governor  of  yirginia  fent  me  an  Account  of  a 
Turchafe  he  had  made  of  1100  Beeves,  which  were  to 
be  delivered  in  June  and  Auguft,  for  the  Subfiltence  of 
the  Troops.  This  Purchafe  had  been  made  upon  the 
Credit  of  /;.  20,000,  of  that  Currency,  granted  by  tlie 
AfTenibly,  for  the  Service  of  his  Mljefty,  in  Favour  of 
this  Expedition  :  In  Confequencc  of  which,  I  regulated 
and  ordered  Affairs  for  the  beft  ;  but  a  few  Days  after, 
the  Contractor  of  ihe  laid  Purchafe  came  to  tell  me,  that 
the  Aflembly  had  refufed  to  fulfil  the  Governor's  En- 
gagements, and  confequently  the  Purchafe  became  void. 
As  this  Affair  was  of  the  greateft  Confequence,  I  offered 
immediately  to  engage  him  the  Payment,upon  the  Terms 
of  the  Purchafe  j  but  the  Contrador  rejeded  my  Offers, 
and  required  one  third  of  the  Money  in  Hand,  on  Ac- 
count of  the  Purchafe,  and  would  not  engage  tc?'clWivcr 
me  the  Beeves  before  two  Months,  wK^h  they  would  be 
of  little  or  no  Ufe. 

Another  Example  :  The  Agent  o( Maryland,  employed 
to  furnifh  the  Troops  with  Provifions,  had  collcfted 
fome,  which  at  firft  Sigi:t,  were  all  judged  to  be  fpoil'd  -, 
and  1  faw  myfelf  undfer  a  Neccffity  offending  One  Hun- 
dred Miles  to  coilccl:  others.     'Jhis  Difpofuion  of  the 


*^*it' 


U 


►  ^T- 


People 


,'f': 
'^h 


-A 


rnmsf^^*^!^ 


'4 

i 


M 


fj' 

f 


L^' 


•klks^^^^^'  i-'v^iil^>'"-'V,!mtf:^%«y' 


^«1., 


•  »iiW!>nj«,«y)<wW!;w^'-«MWi'.' '  *mm'  mmeMimtifnmmmmm^mtimiitffKit^iim 


People,  not  only  puts  back  the  Dcitgns  of  his  Majefty, 
but  alio  doubles  the  Expences,  occafioned  by  the  Diffi- 
culty there  is  of  the  Carriage,  /;;  thcfe  Countries  yet  unha- 
iiicii,  wihiozvny  and  mpratii cable  to  the  Inhabitants  thcm- 
JelveSy  who  live  in  the  lowed  Parts,  finding  every  where 
a  continued  Chain  of  Mountains,  fo  that  the  Charges 
would  far  exceed  the  principle  Stock  :  I  was  thcretore 
obliged  to  leave  at  Jiexandria^  a  great  deal  of  Ammuni- 
tion, that  would  be  of  very  great  Ul'eto  me  here.  The 
Condudt  of  thefe  Governments  feems  to  be  without  a 
Parrallel.  This  Negligence  is  a  little  excufable  in  the 
lorcr  Clafs  of  People,  becaufe  they  have  not  been  fa- 
tisfied  tor  the  Pains  they  have  taken,  being  employed  in 
the  publick  Service  in  the  preceeding  Occafions,  their 
Payment  has  been  neglected.  We  fee  by  Experience, 
the  bad  Conlequences  that  attend  fuch  like  Proceedings. 
As  I  have  Orders  from  his  Majefty,  to  ufe  all  poftlblc 
Means  for  gaining  the  IndianSy  to  our  Intereft,  I  have 
aflembled  fome  of  them,  from  the  Frontiers  of  Pennjyl- 
fania,  and  particularly  of  the  Six  Nations^  with  whom 
I  have  had  already*wo  or  three  Conferences ;  I  have 
made  them  handfome  Prefcnts  :  They  arc  about  Fifty 
in  Number  -,  but  I  hope  to  draw  a  great  many  more. 
When  I  arrived  in  America,  I  was  afiured,  that  I  might 
depend  upon  a  great  Number  of  Indians  irom  the  South- 
ward ;  but  the  bad  Condudt  ot  the  Government  of 
Virginia,  has  turned  them  entirely  againll  us ;  in  Effecfl, 
they  behaved  to  the  Indians  with  fo  little  Difcretion,  and 
fo  much  unfair  Dealing,  that  we  muft  at  prefcnt  be  at 
great  Expence  to  regain  their  Confidence  ;  and  there  is 
110  trufting  even  thole  who  have  embraced  our  Caufe. 
The  Situation  of  this  Country  is  fuch,  that  the  French 
cannot  get  any  Intelligence,  but  by  Means  ot  the  Indians, 
in  whofe  Reports  little  Confidence  can  be  put.  I  am 
informed,  there  arc^but  a  fmall  Number  of  them  in 
fort  du  ^lefnSy  but  that  they  cxpc6t  a  great  Rcinforca- 


s'^. 


I  ami 


<M^<^^ 


<-'i*-^tsmhiiii«m 


'^iHfii^-ii^^i^-rJ 


f'^M-'wKrf^y 


)erigns  of  his  Majefty, 
;cafioned  by  the  Diffi- 
f.hefe  Countries  yet  unha- 
0  the  Inhabitants  thcm- 
5,  finding  every  where 
,  fo  that  the  Charges 
jtock  :  I  was  therefore 
yreat  dealof  Ammuni- 
Ul'e  to  me  here.     The 
feems  to  be  without  a 
little  excuHible  in  the 
hey  have  not  been  fa- 
:en,  being  employed  in 
cding  Occafions,  their 
Ve  fee  by  Experience, 
[  fuch  like  Proceedings, 
jefty,  to  ufe  all  poft'ible 
CO  our  Intereft,  I  have 
he  Frontiers  of  Pennfyl- 
ix  Nations.,  with  whom 
:e  Conferences ;  I  have 

They  arc  about  Fifty 
w  a  great  many  more, 
as  aflTured,  that  I  might 
Indians  from  the  South- 
ot  the  Government  of 
y  againft  us  \  in  Effecfl, 
fo  little  Difcretion,  and 

muft  at  prefent  be  at 
onfidence  -,  and  there  is 
Tt  embraced  our  Caufe 
is  fuch,  that  the  French 
by  Means  ot  the  Indians^ 
liCc  can  be  put.  I  am 
11  Number  of  them  in 
pc6t  a  great  Reinforca- 

■  .-'■  *. .-.       ,. ,-     ,a%  I  ara 


■m- 


(     139    )      ^ 

I  am  informed,  that  2000  Stand  of  Arms  arc  arrived,; 
which  are  dcllincd  to  Neiu-Englandy  and  that  they  ars 
ordered  ^ to  Nova-Scotia. 

They  labour  at  the  Battoes  defigned  to  tranfport  the 
Troops  which  arc  going  to  attack  Niagara  and  Creivii- 
Pniut ;  ncvcrthek'fs,  Ne-JO-Tork,  which  was  to  furnilTi 
the  grcateft  Part  of  them,  does  not  fhew  upon  this  Oc-  . 
cafion,  fo  much  Zeal  as  I  couldwifli.  /As  I  am  certain 
that  a  Road  through  Pemtfylvania  would  be  more  pro- 
per and  f^fer,  for  fettling  a  Communication  after  the 
Troops  have  palled  the  Allegany  Mountains,  I  defired 
Governor  Morris  to  make  one  in  that  Province,  from 
Shippenjhurg  to  the  River  Taughyaughane.  I  am  informed 
they  are  i.*  Work  on  it  with  great  Diligence,  and  that 
it  will  be  finiflicd  in  one  Month  :  This  Road  will  be  of 
great  Importance,  as  well  for  bringing  me  Provifions, 
as  tor  fccuring  me  a  Communication  with  the  Northern 
Colonies.  I  wait  but  for  my  laft  Convoy,  to  begin  my 
March,  and  if  no  Accidents  happen,  I  hope  I  fhall  be- 
gin it  in  five  Days,  through  the  y^//(?jf^«j  Mountains  :  I^ 
cxpedl  to  meet  with  a  great  many  Obftacles  by  what  I 
can  hear.  TheDiftance  from  hence  to  the  Fort,  is  1 10 
Miles  J.  This  Road  cannot  be  travelled,  without  infi- 
nite Labour,  as  it  is  very  mountainous,  and  has  exceed- 
ing high  Rocks,  and  in  many  Places,  large  Gutters  and 
Rivers  to  wade.  I  iliall  embrace  the  firll  0>pportunity 
to  acquaint  you  with  my  Situation,  after  leaving  this 
Place  i  and  am,  with  the  moft  profound  Refpedl,  ^c. 


I 


The  Subfcrihe\\  one  of  the  Superior  Council  of  Quebec, 
do  certify  that  I  have  iranjlaled^  &c. 


Two  other  Letters  might  be  here  annejfed,  one  from 
General  Braddock,  to  Commodore  Keppel,  dated  JVil' 
Har/ifburg,  Feb.  27th  :  In  this  Letter  he  defires  him  t» 

U  2  land 

X  The  Diftance  from  Fort -Cumberland  te  Fort-dtt-^t/nt,  Is  aboat 
37  Leagues,  at  ao  to  a  Degree..  ,^  -  v 


>  --f'S: 


■■7: 


WiAa-' 


t'^- 


'.-* 


"f^ 


r- 


(      140     ) 

land  with  all  Speed  at  .Alexandria,  the  Cohorns,  Bombs, 
and  otlier  Machines  deftined  to  throw  Fire  either  in 
Vtflcls  or  Entrenchments.  The  Other  is  from  Mr.Rokrt 
Orm,  Aid-de-Camp  to  Sir  Peter  llalket :  He  gives  him 
feveral  Orders,  and  among  the  Kelt,  His  Excellency  orders 
you  io  receive  all  Defer ters^  and  provide  ihcmwith  whatever 
'ihcy  efk  ;  and  if  they  are  iviliing  to  inlijl,  he  defires  you 
'Would  take  them  ivitbout  any  Difficulty,  andjiand  neither  up- 
onTenns  nor  Appearance,  butpajs  them  all  j  or  cffe^ive  Men. 

A  LETTER  Jrom  Charles  Lawrence,    Efiuire^    t^ 

General  Braddock.  *  ■#  «      J- 

Sir,  HaUfax,  May  10,  1755. 

I  HAVE  had  the  Honour  to  receive  a  Letter  trom 
you,  dated  at  Annapolis,  in  Maryland,  April  the  7th, 
by  a  Venrel  come  two  Days  ago  from  Philadelphia :  Per- 
mit  me  to  afilire  you,  that  nothing  could  be  a  greateiV 
Mortification  to  me,  than  you  ihould  harbour  the  lealf 
Thought  of  my  being  Hack  In  my  Duty  towards  a  Ferfon 
to  whom  I  am  fo  much  obliged.  Till  the  very  Moment 
I  received  your  Letter,  Ihad  neither  heard  ot  your  Ar- 
rival in  Virginia,  nor  of  the  Extent  of  your  Cdmmifliens. 
No  fooner  i  knew  it,  but  I  improved  the  firft  Opportu- 
nity, of  giving  a  general  Account  of  the  Situation  of 
Affairs  m  this  Province,  as  alfo  an  Account  ot  the 
I- orces  and  Troops  his  Majefty  has  here,  together  with 
Remarks  upon  every  Individual.  I  flatter  myfelf  you 
have  received  them  already,  and  that  you  will  approve 
of  them. 

I  acknowledge,  Sir,  that  I  have  acquainted  Commo- 
dore Keppel  with  the  Expedition  projedled  to  ftop  the 
Enterprizes  of  the  French  at  Beau-fejour  and  St.  John's 
River,  in  the  fame  Manner  as  he  himfelf  has  informed 
you  i  and  which  had  been  concerted  between  Governor 
Shirley  and  myfelf  •,  and  the  Reafon  of  my  acquainting 
him  therewith,  fprung  from  fome  printed  Orders  which 
Captain  Rous  had  received  from  the  Admiralty,  to  place 

'"-  ::;.,  him- 


'-'^  -^^^Mlltm.. 


{l3|r.j*£fl(>>*-''''*-i..iti*? 


himfelf  ur 
other  Adi 
Keppel  wa 
Knowledc 
Certainty 
any  Judgi 
miflions. 
I  hope  yo 

Licutei 
Troops  ur 
quite  befo 
all  Comm 
the  North 
tl>2  French 
might  be 
poflible  fo 
Lieutenan' 
to  let  you 
firft  Oppo 

I  (hall  J 
augmentin 
to  a  Thou 
Moment, 
Men  are  tc 
as  I  have  r 
England,  c 
of  thofe  O 
I  hope  yoi 
for  me  to 
Accordi 
England,  c 
there  for  t 
miliam  Pcj 
Recruits,  ] 
the  Numb( 
of  our  Tn 
of  forry  T 
the  provinc 


arns,  Bombs, 
'ire  either  in 
>m  Mr. Robert 
At  gives  him 
xcellency  orders 
with  whatever 
he  defires  you 
and  neither  up- 
cffeflive  Men. 

EfquirCy    tf 


10,   1755. 
I  Letter  from 

/f/>r/7the7th, 
'delphia:  Per- y 
d  be  a  greateiY 
hour  the  lealr 
vards  a  Perfon 
very  Moment 
d  of  your  Ar- 

Ccftnmifl'i«ns. 
firft  Opportu- 
:  Situation  of 
:count  ot  the 
together  with 
er  myfelf  you 
u  will  approve 

intcd  Commo- 
d  to  ftop  the 
and  St.  John's 
f  has  informed 
ween  Governor 
ny  acquainting 
1  Orders  which 
liralty,  to  place 
him- 


,»i'***- 


in"^^ 


''*'*'''^'WBWWPff^'''\**'^'(^^ 


(  141  ) 
himfelf  under  the  Commodore's  Orders ;  that,  with  fom* 
other  Advices^  made  me  to  conclude,  that  Commodore 
Keppel  was  in  Virginia  1  but  I  had  not  at  that  Time  any 
Knowledge  ot  your  Arrival  in  Virginia,  nor  even  any 
Certainty  of  your  coming  there,  much  lefs  could  I  form 
any  Judgment  of  the  Nature  and  Extent  ot  your  Com- 
mimons.  Ihis,  6'i>,  is  the  real  Truth  of  the  Matter: 
I  hope  you  will  do  me  that  Juliice  to  believe  it. 

Lieutenant  Colonel  Monckton,  with  the  provincial 
Troops  under  his  Orders,  is  at  prefent  very  near,  if  not 
quite  before,  the  Fort  Beau-jejour  -,  and  as  1  have  cut  off 
all  Communication  by  Land,  between  that  Place,  and 
the  Northern  Parts  ot  the  Province,  in  order  to  deprive 
tlie  French  Inhabitants  from  knowing  any  ]  tung  that 
might  be  prejudicial  to  our  Difigns  -,  dietefure  itTs  im- 
poflible  tor  me  to  acquaint  you  with  the  Frogf-ls  t!ie 
Lieutenant  Colonel  has  made.  I  fhall  have  the  Honoiir 
to  let  you  know  the  Particulars  of  our  Enterprizc  by  tiie 
firft  Opportunity. 

I  (hall  give  particular  Attention  to  your  Orders,  for 
augmenting  each  ot  the  three  Regiments  that  are  licrc, 
to  a  Thoufand  Men  each  ;  and  I  lliould  not  deiay  one 
Moment,  if  I  was  informed  on  what  Condirions  thclo 
Men  are  to  be  railed  and  what  Pay  they  arc  ti)  V.wc  -,  but 
as  I  have  not  as  yet  received  any  p.r.ucular  Oidcis  from 
England,  concerning  the  Augmentation,  and  that  none 
of  thofe  Officers  are  yet  come,  whom  I  daily  expect, 
I  hope  you  will  look  upon  it  as  a  Thing  imprailicable 
tor  me  to   proceed  therein. 

According  to  the  Advices  I  have  received  from  jV^'ze;- 
England,  on  Account  of  the  Men  who  have  been  raifed 
there  for  the  Regiments  of  Governor  Shir/ey,  and  Sir 
fVilliam  PeppereU's,  and  the  Difficulties  in  raifing  the  faid 
Recruits,  1  fear,  that  if  I  am  obliged  to  fend  There  for 
the  Number  of  Men  we  (hall  want,  the  Augmentation 
of  our  Troops  will  be  long  upon  Hand,  and^compofed 
of  forry  Troops :  But  I  hope  to  iuccced  better  among 
the  provincial  Levies  that  arc  aihially  at  Beau-/ejcur,yvho 

".       (if 


ii! 


J    1 


KiL:rbj^^''*%g^*?^;K::^^ 


* 


tr    1 


-■"?»o)>t»-^**r«*H**JI<^  * 


(       T42       ) 

(if  I  am  rightly  informed)  are  compolccl  of  good  Men, 
and  may  be  inlilled  with  more  Speed  and  lefs  Expence, 
than  thofe  that  might  be  raifed  on  the  Continent,  after 
the  great  Number  of  Recruits  that  have  been  already 

raifed  there. 

In  my  Letter  of  the  29th  of  March,  I  propofed  to 
Governor  Sbirleyy  to  make  our  Addrefs  to  yoi.,  that  either 
his  Regiment,  or  that  of  Sir  JVilliam  PcpperelU  might 
pafs  over  Here  to  protect  the  Province,  in  Cafe  I  fliouki 
think  it  nc  :c(rary  -,  though  I  obferved  at  the  fame  Time, 
that  I  did  not  fee  great  Need  for  fucii  Proceedings,  as  I 
was  upon  the  Point  ot  receiving  Two  Thouflmd  Two 
or  Three  Hundred  Men,  who  are  now  at  Becu-fejcur, 
the  only  Paflage  by  Land  to  come  to  this  Province,  and 
whereby  we  might  dread  the  Infults  of  our  Neighbours 
the  French.     I  am,  yet.  Sir,  of  the  fame  Mind,  as  there 
is  not  as  yet  any  real  Change  of  Affairs  in  Aderica  :  Nc- 
vcrthelcfs,  Ihould  there  be  a  Rupture  with  tiie  French, 
which,  according  to  all  Appearance, may  happen,  it  would 
be  extreamly  neceffary  to  ttand  upon  our  Guard ;  and  I 
think  it  my  Duty  to  inform  you,  that  in  fuch  a  Cafe, 
the  three  Regiments  compleated  as  they  are  to  be,  to* 
getherwith  the  Rangers,  the  Militia,  and  the  Forces  wc 
can  depend  upon,  would  by  no  Means  be  proportionable 
to  the  Num'ter  of  Pofls  we  have  to  defend,  if  pofliblc ; 
particularly  if  we  confider,  that  in  the  very  Heart  of  the 
Province,we  have  aformidableNumberof  thofewhoare 
€z\\td  Ncutrcl  Frauh,  a  People  well  experienced  in  the 
Ufe  of  Arms,  and  in  Conjunftion  witla  the  French  •  ; 
who,  upon  the  leaft  Attempt,  Camda  would  make  to 
iKvade  us  :  I  believe  it  is  moft  probable,  they  would 
immediately  join  with  them.     As  I  look  upon  this  Ar- 
ticle to  be  of  Importance,  I  thought  it  my  Duty  to, 
fubmit  it  to  your  Rcfleftion. 

The  Suhfcriber,  cne  of  the  Superior  Council  of  Quebec, 
do  certify.  That  1  have  tranflated,  &c.  "  Numb. 

.,  *  The  Motions  of  thefe  Frtnch  were  only  feared  then  in  the  Time 
©fa  Ruptare.  that  U  to  fay,  an  open  War  ;  this  deftroys  the  Accufatl 
«|t  contained  in  the  Memorials  feat  by  Governor  Cornvtalms. 


1  I 


m 


N 


jSRSSfc,---*^  •  *' ■«*'^ttiy|li*" 


,«-A^'« 


SPREC 

ly  Ordt 
"mtb  thi 


To  I 

My  Lre  r 

IHAV. 
with 
nothing  o 
not  yet  coi 
King  of  E 
him,  and  \ 
are  here  b 
mony  of  1 
I  have  ( 
for  fome  1 
thren  the  J 
have  yet  ai 
moreover ; 
your  fpeed 
Hatchet ; 
warlike  Di 
and  Childi 
the  Cover 
lake  partic 


MyE 

I  have  ! 

JLifFercd,  b 

•  This  Sp 
according  to 
Speech. 

t  Tht  Inc 
Ibl  Bnglifi  P 


»-*.»»-j/|(|(|pil  J  liiW  1 1 M  ••■IJI !  II  IWl 


of  good  Men, 
I  lels  Expeiue, 
antinent,  after 
r  been  already 

I  propofed  to 
,'Oii,  that  either 
['pperell^  might 
1  Cafe  I  flioukl 
:he  lame  Time, 
)ccedings,  as  I 
rhoufiind  Two 
at  Bcau-fejcur^ 
Province,  and 
)ur  Neighbours 
Mind,  as  there 
I  Ar^erka :  Nc- 
rich  the  French^ 
lappen,  it  would 

Guard ;  and  I 
n  fuch  a  Cafe, 

are  to  be,  to* 
I  the  Forces  wc 
proportionable 
id,  if  pofliblc; 
:ry  Pleart  of  the 
of  thofewhoare 
»erienced  in  the 

the  Fremh  * ; 
vould  make  to 
►le,  they  would 
k  upon  this  Ar- 
ic  my  Duty  to^ 

mcil  of  QuebeC; 
Numb. 

d  then  in  the  Time 
ellroys  the  Accufati- 

CoRNVtALMS. 


feMifllMWfe^ 


(       HJ       )  ; 

.       NUMB.     XIV.      ' 

SPEECHES  made,  and  pronounced  to  the  Indians, 

hy  Order,  and  under  the  Jn/peSlion  of  C»Unel  Johnfon, 

w/'/Z'  the  Anfwers  made  to  him. 

F  I  R  S  T    S  P  E  E  C  H».  i 

TV  the  Six  Nations,  from  General  Braddock. 

My  Brethren  and  Allies  of  thp  Six  Nations, 

IHrWK  already  called  you  fevcral  Times,  to  trcaE 
with  you  about  different  Affairs,  which  I  knew 
nothing  off,  before  I  had  been  with  you,  and  which  are 
not  yet  come  to  the  Knowledge  of  your  Father  the  great 
King  of  England,  of  which  I  fhall  be  careful  to  inform 
him,  and  to  offer  you,  by  hisOrders,  the  Prefents  which 
are  here  before  you,  and  which  he  gives  you  as  a  Tcftt* 
mony  of  his  paternal  Affeftion. 

I  have  detained  you,  and  your  Wives  and  Children, 
for  fome  Time,  hoping  in  a  few  Days,  to  fee  your  Bre- 
thren the  Delwjsares  ■\  •,  but  feeing  it  is  uncertain  that  they 
have  yet  arrived,  and  as  I  know  you  love  to  be  inAftion, 
moreover  as  the  Service  of  the  King  your  Father  requires 
your  fpeedy  Affiftance,  I  propofe  to  you  to  take  up  tht 
Hatchet ;  and  that  you  may  the  bettec  exerrife  your 
warlike  Difpofitions,  I  promife  you,  to  fend  your  Wivo* 
and  Children  to  Pennfylvania :  I  have  recommended  to 
the  Governor  of  that  Province,  in  the  King's  Namc„t« 
take  particular  and  fraternal  Care  of  them. 

A  fine  Belt  of  fVampum. 

My  Brethren  and  Allies  of  the  Six  Nations, 
I  have  a  real  Concern,  to  find  how  much  you  have 
Jliffercd,  by  the  Abufe  and  Deceit  of  your  perfidious 

Neighbours 
*  This  Speech  is  the  firft  in  General  Braddqck'i  Regilter »  but 
according  to  all  Appearance,  it  was  pronounced  after  the  foUawiag^ 
Speech. 

t  Tht  /«<//<!«  are  likewife  call'd  the  Wolves.    They  have  quitted 
ibt  Bngii/b  Part/  fines  the  Afl'^ii^yji  of  ^, dt  Jvm«jiyi%li. 


•#  ' 


.!  '  iS'UJWi/.' . 


!  ; 


'   A 


mmffUfn^ 


m 


'^ 


(     M4     ) 

Neighbours  the  Frertcb  J,  as  well  as  by  fome  of  your 
Brethren  the  E/ig.'iJh  :  The  French  have  infinuated  unto 
you,  tlint  wc  wiio  arc  your  faithful  Brothers,  had  defigned 
to  drive  vou  out  of  all  your  Lands,  of  Hunting  and 
Game,  and  to  Tize  on  them  for  .our  own  proper  Ufe. 
Vou  have  been  much  deceived,  when  you  aififtcd  the 
French  to  execute  the  horrid  Defign  with  which  they  have 
charged  us,  in  putting  them  in  the  real  Pofleffion  of  thefe 
very  l^ands  which  we  had  defigned  to  iecure  unto  you, 
for  your  Ufe  alone,  and  particular  Intercfl:.  I  declare 
unto  you,  in  the  Prefence  of  your  Chiefs  and  Warriors 
here  aflemblcd,  and  according  to  the  Inilrudions  I  have 
ijeceived  from  the  great  King  your  Father,  that  if  you 
will  unanimoufly  *  grant  me  your  Affiftance^  I  will  put 
you  again  in  PojJ'effwn  of  y-r  Lands^  of  which  you  have 
been  difpoflefled  by  French  Deceit,  and  cheating  Tricks, 
and  fccure  unto  you  a  free  open  Trade  in  America^  from 
the  Rifing  unto  the  Setting  of  the  Sun.  It  is  very  well 
known,  that  I  have  no  particular  Views,  nor  Defign, 
hut  that  of  ferving  mutually  the  Interefts  of  the  King  of 
England^  your  Father,  and  of  the  Six  Nations,  and  their 
Allies;  and' I  pi-omife  you,  to  be  your  Fjiend  and  Bro- 
therly as  long  as  the  Sun  and  Moon  fliall  lal^, 

,A  grand  Belt  of  Wampum. 

I  have  been  told,  that  as  upon  the  foregoing  Occafi- 
ons,  you  had  fome  Prefents  from  us,  fome  were  idle 
enough  to  excite  your  young  People  to  drinU*  and  by 

that 

X  Here  they  don't  accufe  the  Frenth  fo  much  of  Violence  tow«ids 
(hi  InJians,  as  of  Artifice  in  gaining  their  Nighbours  ;  how  can  thcfe 
Difcoarfes  agree  with  thofe  of  Mr.  tVafiingtoM,  who  would  perfuade 
thefe  fame  Iroquois,  that  he  was  csnaeonly  at  their  Requeil  and  opot 
their  repeated  Complaints  ? 

•  The  Six  Nations  have  been  expel'd  by  the  French.  He  would 
only  put  them  in  PofTcflion  of  their  Properties.  Thefe  are  they  who 
pray'd  the  EngUjh  to  come  ;  Neverthelefs,  he  btgs  them  unanimcufly 
to  afliil  the  En{lijh  ;  the  pretended  Deliverers  are  here  redoced  to  beg 
and  pray  for  Aififtance. 

$  Whence  came  the  Rights  of  the  £ff;///!^  upon  the  Oi^/tf,  if  they 
poOcfs  not  the  Lands  which  it  waters,  no  otherwife  than  a*  Sovereijjqf 
«,f  ;^e  Ittquiis,  "  * 


thatMeai 
prevent  I 
ven  Orde 
found  coi 
your  Con 
Manner, 
ample  Jui 
I  have 
Pleafure, 
you  divid( 
and  natun 
may  deper 
for  your  S 
Shot,  to  t 
them. 

My  Brei 
Condudl  01 
Half  King:, 
as  well  as 
would  will 
his  Death  ^ 

*  MyB 
You  are 
French  lafl 
Brethren  tl 
I  am  very 
an  Inclinati 
^ithtFrenc 
and  that  yo 
with  me,  I 
fion,  and  re 
unto  you,  i 
your  Fathei 
The  15th 


•Thedepul 
ufwer  him  up 
eloquent  Apo] 


'"'Mm'.' 


me  of  your 
inuated  unto 
had  deligned 
lunrinj?;  and 
proper  Ufe. 
J  atfiftcd  the 
ich  they  have 
:(rion  of  thefe 
re  unto  you, 
[I.     I  declare 
and  Warriors 
anions  1  have 
r,  that  if  you 
csy  I  will  put 
ich  you  have 
:ating  Tricics, 
America^  from 
It  is  very  well 
,   nor  Defign, 
of  the  King  of 
ions.,  and  their 
riend  and  Bro- 
Ulaf. 

cgoing  Occafi- 

ome  were  idle 

irin\i:,  and  by 

I  thai 

Violence  tow«d» 

}  how  can  thefe 

,,jo  would  perfuade 

Reqaeft  and  upot 

lench.    He  would 

[hefe  are  they  who 

Ithem  unanimeufl/ 

ere  redaced  to  beg 

theOWfl,  if  they] 
ItbanaiSovcreigpi 


(    H5    ) 
that  Means  made  no  Account  ot  what  they  gave  you.  To 

prevent  for  the  future,  fuch  like  Proceedings,  I  have  gi- 
ven Orders,  by  thrcatning  with  Death,  all  thofe  that  be 
found  convidted  of  chat  Crime :  I  beg  you  will  fend  me 
your  Complaints  agaiiifl:  all  fuch  as  will  aft  in  the  like 
Manner,  and  as  a  Tricnd  and  Brother,  I  fliall  render  you 
ample  Juftice. 

I  have  no  more  to  defire,  but  to  fee  you  receive  with 
Pleafure,  the  Prefcnts  which  arc  before  you,  and  to  fee 
you  divide  them  amongfl:  you,  according  to  yourCuftom 
and  natural  Equity.  I  hope  they  will  be  agreeable.  You 
may  depend  upon  great  Rewards  from  Time  to  Time, 
for  your  Services.  I  have  ordered  Arms,  Powder  and 
Shot,  to  be  delivered  to  fuch  of  your  Warriors  as  want 
them. 

My  Brethren^  I  have  been  informed  of  the  perfidious 
Conduct  of  the  French  towards  our  deceafed  Brother,  the 
Half  King  \  and  ta  convince  you  how  far  I  am  fenfible, 
as  well  as  you,  of  his  ill  Treatment,  in  hopes  that  you 
would  willingly  join  with  me,  to  revenge  him,  I  cover 
his  Death  with  this  BELT. 

*  My  Brethren^  Delawares  and  Chauanons,  * 
You  are  to  blame,  for  following  the  Counfel  of  the 
\French  laft  Autumn,  to  murder  a  Number  of  your 
Brethren  the  Englijhy  in  their  Habitations  in  Carolina. 
I  am  very  well  perfuaded,  that  it  did  not  happen  from 
an  Inclination  natural  to  you,  but  only  by  the  Inftigation 
of  the  French ;  therefore,  if  you  acknowledge  your  Fault, 
and  that  you  are  openly  and  voluntarily  refolved  to  join 
with  me,  I  fhall  freely  forget  this  unhappy  Tranfgref- 
fion,  and  receive  you  ftill  as  Brethren.  This  I  confirm 
lunto  you,  in  the  Name,  and  as  the  Deputy  of,  the  King 
lyour  Father,  with  this  String  of  Wampum.  Signed, 
The  I  stb  of  May,  1 755.  JOHNSON. 

X  SE- 

*  The  deputed  Iroquois,  before  whom  Mr.  John/cn  fpoke,  could  not 
linfwcr  him  upon  the  SuggeiUons  that  ht  charges  to  the  French  in  the 
iloquent  Apoftrophf  which  h«  makct  here  t9  the  Dtlewsrn  and 

"hauanontt 


*■;♦. 


»A-*l 


WxL  . 


-.-flu. 


■|*i>/>.    '.'.k*' 


a.i.1,: 


9mimm 


ttffijfmrymmtmiiirmmi    >  i  .■■  ■■  n  ww- 


(    u<5   ) 

SECOND    SPEECH. 
The  S?EEC  H  of  the  IIonourahle\W  iLLi\M]omiOV , 
fI    LerintenlJnt  of  Indian  Aftairs,  to  thel^Varrtors 

■in  the  Pre  fence  of  Lieutenant  Butler,  c/  Ruiherordi 

Tohn  B\itler,  of  Mc£rs.  Daniel  CUiufe,  Peter  Wraxai, 
&r/L>  Indiai;  Aftuirs;  WUliam  Pnntu,  Jacob 
Clement,  hittrprcters.     .  .• 

«  ■     My  Brethren  of  both  Caftks  of  the  Anles, 

I  WIPE  away   all  Tears  from  your  Eyes,  and  clear 
yor  Throat,  that  you  may  hear  and  fpeak  ..uhout 
ConLint.    I  rejoice  to  fecyou,  and  falute  you  with  all 

my  Heart.  .  * 

Gives  a  String  of  JVampum.  i.j«f„«„  in 

1  defire  you  to  conform  to  what  I  demanded  of  you,  m 
a  Lett  r  wlich  I  wrote  to  you  from  N^fork,  as  foon  a 
!returnedfrom^/r^.«/.,  wherein  I  prayed  all  yourCh^s 
and  Warriors  to  wait  my  coming  home,  to  hear  Mews, 
Tnd  be    formed  of  the  oJders  whichl  have  received  from 
h^  Excellency  General  Braddock   (^^\S^f  ^f  a".of 
whom  the  King  our  common  Father,  has  fent  to  thii 
CouSry,  with  a  gr«^  Number  of  Troops,  of  great  Guns, 
and  oSr  Implements  of  War,  to  proteft  Y""'  ^.^  we^ 
as  his  Subiefts  upon  this  Continent,  and  defend  you 
againft  all  Ihe  Ufurpations  and  Infults  of  the  W- 
^I  have  been  to  wait  upon  this  great  Man,  along  with 
the  Governors  of  Boftor,^  New-Tork,  P^nnfylva^m^^ 
Maryland :  we  had  alfo  there,  ^he  Governor  of  A^J 
and  another  great  Man,  who,  in  this  Part  of  the  Wo.^*^' 
commands  all  the  Men  of  War  belonging  to  £«  K>"g. 
In  the  Grand  Council,  many  important  Affairs  have  been 
deUberaSiVamong  which,  the  Intereft  and  Safety  of  our 
B^eth^n  the  Si.  Nations,  and  their  Allies,  were  confide- 

red  with  great  Attention.  «  j  »u^  -Rpft  of 

My  Brethren,  The  Tree  which  you  and  the  Reft  o 
'  She  L  Nations,  have  fo  often  and  earncfUy  dcfircd,  that 


■  ■  I'p.llf. 


H. 

AM  JOHNSOM, 

0  the  Warriors 
quois  Indians, 
'  Ruiherford'i 
of  hmC.enant 
'eter  Wraxall, 
Printu,  Jacob 


es, 

yes,  and  clear 

fpeak  without 

ite  you  with  all 

nded  of  you,  in 
York^  as  foon  as 
I  all  your  Chiefs 
to  hear  News, 
^e  received  from 
great  Warrid| 
las  fent  to  thii 
1,  of  great  Guns, 
:6t  you,  as  weil 
ind  detend  you 
)f  the  French. 
/Ian,  along  with 
Pennfylvania  and 
:rnor  of  Virginia^ 
rt  of  the  World, 
ing  to  the  King. 
Affairs  have  been 
and  Safety  of  our 
es,  were  confide- 

and  the  Reft  of 
icftlydcfircd,that 


•*-^,  J.,  .,i„Llilg| 


IMmJ}''iWW 


(  H7  ) 
It  fhould  be  replanted,  is  grown,  by  fuch  a  mighty  Hand, 
that  its  Roots  penetrate  into  the  Bottom  of  the  Earth, 
and  its  Branches  are  a  refrefhing  Shade,  to  cover  you, 
and  your  Allies.  As  I  am  to  acquaint  you,  that,  agree- 
able to  the  Inftruftions  which  the  King  your  Father,  has 
given  to  General  Braddock,  I  am  nominated  to  be  alone 
Superintendant  over  all  the  Affairs  that  fliall  concern 
you  and  your  Allies,  in  this  Part  of  the  World,  I  invite 
you,  and  your  Brethren,  the  Six  United  Nations^  and  your 
Allies,  to  aflemble  under ^his  Tree,  where  you  may 
freely  open  your  Hearts,  and  heal  your  Wounds,  and 
at  the  fame  Time  I  tranfport  the  Shade  of  that  Fire  which 
was  in  Albmiy^  and  rekindle  the  Fire  of  Council  and 
Frierulfhip,  in  this  Place :  I  Iliall  make  it  of  fuch  Wood, 
as  Ihiiil  produce  the  grcateil  Light,  and  greateft  Heat : 
I  hope  it  will  be  ferviceable  and  comfortable  to  all  thofe 
who  fhall  come  to  light  their  Pipes  at  it  \  and  that  the 
fparkling,  and  flaming  Coals  thereof,  will  burn  all  thofe 
who  are  or  (hall  be  its  Enemies. 

I  hope  that  you,  and  all  your  Brethren,  would  be  glad 
to  encreafe  the  Luftre  and  Splendor  of  this  Fire,  in  mind- 
ing and  keeping  it  always  up  -,  applying  yourfelves  to  it 
with  that  Diligence  and  Zeal  as  may  derive  a  Blefllng 
from  it,  not  only  upon  you,  but  upon  all  your  Pofterity. 
To  obtain  and  alcertain  that  falutary  End,  it  is  abfolutely 
neceflary  that  you  extinguifh  all  the  Fires  kindled  by 
Means  of  Deceit  and  Fraud,  and  not  natural,  which 
light  but  to  deceive  and  deftroy  you  and  yours./f  BELT. 
My  Brethren^ 

By  this  Belt  of  Wampum,  I  cleanfe  the  Council- 
Chamber,  to  the  End  that  there  be  nothing  ofTenfive 
therein,  and  I  hope  that  you  will  take  care  that  no  evil 
Spirit  creep  in  among  us,  that  nothing  may  interrupt 
our  Harmony. 

Gives  a  String  of  Wampum. 
♦      My  Brethren^ 

I  am  concern'd  to  fee  at  my  Return,  that  many  of  the 

two  Villages  defire  to  go  to  Canada  j  I  fhould  be  much 

X  2  furpr\7.e4 


■1«»-  ::- 


■ii^'ll" 


ki 


furprizcd  that  you  who  have  Uen  our  moft  faitful 
Friends  and  nearcftNighbours,woi)ld  upon  any  Occafion 
(hew  yourDefirc  to  be  deceived  by  the  wicked  Artifices 
oUht  French,  who  are  fo  well  known,  and  oi  whon  you 
have  hadfuch  f.ual  ivxpcrience,  efpecially  when  that 
reftlefs  and  perfidious  Nation  breaks  the  moll  folennn 
Treaties,  and  violates  all  the  Obligations  of  Honourand 
Tuftice  1  this  would  be  the  nioft  furprizing  Thing  in  the 
World  i  but  I  hope  that  what  I  have  been  told  upon  that 
Subied,  has  no  Foundation.  I  dc  fire  and  infift  that 
none  ot  you  upon  any  Pretence  whatfoever,  have  any 
Correfpondence  with  the  F;f«f/^,  nor  receive  none  of  their 
Emiflariei,  nor  go  to  Canada  without  nny  Knowledge 
and  Approbation.  ^ 

Upon  this  Condition  1  give  you  a  15  e  l  t. 
I  intend  immediately  to  call  your  other  Brethren  of 
the  Six-Nations,  to  this  prelent  Fire  :  1  hope  that  you  1 
come  here  along  with  them.  I  fhall  deliver  a  Speech  ot 
his  Excellency  General  Braddock,  accompanied  with 
Prefents  for  you,  which  the  great  King  your  Father  lent 
by  that  Warrior.  ,        a  l 

Jfterfome  Moments  ofConfultation  between  them,  Abra- 
liam,  one  of  the  Chiefs  of  the  Upper  Village,  got  up,  and 
fpske  thus  for  the 'Two. 
My  Brother, 
You  have  call'd  us,  to  let  us  know  the  Tidings  you 
have  brought  with  you,  and  we  have  underftood  all  that 
you  have  faid  -,  we  defer  until  the  Six-Nations  are  all  af- 
fembled  here,  to  give  an  exaft  Account  of  all  Affairs. 
Gives  a  String  of  Wampum. 
My  Brother,    We  Thank  you  for  being  fo  willing  to 
wipe  the  Tears  from  our  Eyes,    and  to  cleanfe  our 
Throats  and  this  Floor  :  We  do  as  much,  with  this 
String  of  Wampum. 

Gives  a  String  of  Wampum. 
A^  Brother,  To  comply  with  your  Requeft,  we  have 
here  met  together,  and  with  great  Attention,  heard  all 
that  you  have  faid  j  we  thank  you  for  your  kind  Imor- 


rnation  •,  v 


greet  you 


My  Bro 
the  great ] 
that  our  f 
thank  him 
Satisfadio 
thatTree. 
you  defer 
of  all  you 

My  Bro 
Ihaded  us, 
of  Albany^ 
and  Frien 
Wood,  fc 
fortable  ai 
as  Friend; 
Enemies ; 
Onontague 
another  at 
burnt  clea 
fatisfied  t< 

My  Bn 
thren, the 
fit  under 
I'ipcs,  at  I 
ihould  en( 
they  woul 
de fired  to 
be  aflemb 
of  your  S 

My  Brc 
Council  C 
fenfive  th 
all  we  ca 
might  ten 

I  This 


■j/^^igiaift**'^  '■'-"■  ^ 


.....,^ .  ."-i 


mod  laitful 
1  any Occafion 
ckcd  Artifices 

of  whon  you 
lly  when   that 

moll  folemn 
of  Honour  and 
;  Thing  in  the 
told  upon  that 
and  infift  that 
ver,  have  any 
'enone  of  their 
ny  Knowledge 

Belt.  • 
ler  Brethren  of 
lope  that  you'll 
ver  a  Speech  ot 
ompanied  with 
our  Father  fcnt 

ee»  them^  Abra- 
ige^  got  «/>,  and 


\t  Tidings  you 
icrftood  all  that 
ations  are  all  af- 
of  all  Affairs, 
m. 

ng  fo  willing  to 

to  cleanfe  our 

luch,  with  this 

m. 

equeft,  we  have 

ention,  heard  all 

'our  kind  Infor- 

mationj 


(     »49     ) 
matlon  •,  we  arc  ch.irm'd  to  fee  you  again  once  more,  and 

greet  you  with  this  Sting  of  Wampum. 

They  give  it. 

My  Brother^  \Yc.  have  ortcn  rcprcfcnted  to  our  Father 
the  great  King  thatthcTrce  advanced.  We  are  very  glad 
that  our  Father  has  comply'd  with  our  Demand,  and 
thank  him  tor  it  mod  fincercly.  We  have  had  the  greateft 
Satisfaction  to  hear  all  that  you  have  faid  cone  rrnlng 
thatTree.  We  finccrely  wilh  that  it  may  continue  1  jch  as 
you  defcribed  in  your  Speech,  and  we  are  very  fallible 
of  all  you  laid  upon  the  Subicdl. 

My  Brother^  You  have  told  us  that  the  Tree  which 
Ihaded  us,  is  now  replanted  here  ;  you  made  it  th'-*  Shade 
of  Albany^  and  you  have  rekindled  the  Fire  of  Frudence 
and  Friendfhip,  which  muft  be  made  of  good  everlafting 
Wood,  fo  that  it  fhall  be  alwayr  clear,  and  give  com- 
fortable and  falutary  Hear,  to  all  that  will  approach  it, 
as  Friends,  whilll  it  (hall  burn  and  inflame  againll  it* 
Enemies  i  our  firft  tathers  had  kindled  this  Fire  firfl:  at 
Onontague,  and  carried  the  fmall  Coals  of  it  to  rekindle 
another  at  the  Habitation  of  -juicier]-.  This  Fire  never 
burnt  clear,  and  was  almolt  cxtinguilhcd  -,  wc  are  well 
fatisfied  to  hear  that  you  have  rekindled  it. 

My  Brotbtr^  You  have  invited  us  all,  and  our  Bre- 
thren, the  SixUmtcd Nations,and  their  Allic3,to  come  and 
fit  under  that  Tree  you  fpoke  ot,  there  to  light  our 
Pipes,  at  the  Fire  of  Prudence,  and  that  we  and  they 
ihould  endeavour  to  preferve  it.  We  don't  doubt  but  that 
they  would  be  glad  to  fee  it  planted  here,  haviii;';  all 
defired  to  fee  it  •,  but  we  inulldehiy,  until  all  the  Naiums, 
be  affembled  here  in  a  Body,  tor  to  anfwcr  that  Article 
of  your  Speech. 

My  Brotbery  We  thank  you  for  having  cleanfed  this 
Council  Chamber,  and  for  moving  all  that  might  be  of- ' 
fenfive  therein  •,  you  may  afllire  yourfelf  that  we  vill  do 
all  wc   can  to  anfwer  your  Intention,  and  avoid  all  th?.c 
misht  tend  to  trouble  or  diftufb  our  mutual  Harmony. 

My 

I  This  i»  Albany  in  the  Indian  Language. 


f. 


mA 


M 


m 


"'■"— — %-- p*  •• 


m^prnmimm 


m 


m 


B 


(     »5«    ) 


My  Brother,  You  have  told  us,  that  you  had  been  in- 
formed, that  fomc  of  us  were  going  to  the  Irtitch,  and 
you  put  us  in  Mind  of  their  Condu(5t  towards  our  An- 
ceftors,  whom  we  remember  very  '.vc<I,  for  their  Bones 
arc  yet  to  be  feen  :  We  know  that  the  French  arc  (alie 
and  deceitful  •,  they  have  given  us  very  line  Words,  and 
their  Letters  were  fwcet,  but  their  Hearts  were  full  ot' 
Toyfon  for  us.  You  know  our  AHuirs,  my  Brethren,  as 
well  as  wp,and  that  the  reft  of  the  Six- Nations  are  jealous 
of  us,  becaufe  wc  ulcd  the  Hatchet  laft  War  againtl  the 
French.  Shall  wc  be  now  accounted  falfj  and  deceitful? 
No,  you  may  be  allured,  that  we  will  not  go  to  Canada 
uix)n  any  Requeft  of  the  French,  becaufe  we  are  not  fo 
much  in  their  Fricndlhip  -,  alfo,  my  Brotiier,  do  not  be- 
lieve all  the  Reports  that  may  be  made  to  you  upon 
that  Subjed. 

My  Brother,  We  thank  you  yet  once  more  for  all  you 
have  told  us.  Wc  have  already  faid  that  it  was  neceflary 
the  Six-Nations  were  aflembled  here,  to  give  a  pofitivc 
Anlwcr.  We  thank  you  for  thelnvitation  you  gave  us  to 
come  here  with  theRcft  of  our  Brethren.  Wc  will  not  fail 
to  meet  them  here. 

The  Chief  Mohaivk(  Ames)  of  the  uf per  Village  having 

required  to  have  a  Conference  with  Co/ow/ Johnfon,  in  the 

Prefenee  of  the  Secretary  Jor  Indian  Jffairs,  and  the  two 

Interpreters,  AbrAham  fpoke  in  the  Name  of  the  Chief,  and 

Jaid, 

My  Brethren, 

"When  you  were  at  New-Tork,  you  told  us  that  our 
Chiefs  and  Warriors  (hould  rcfl  on  their  Mats,  and  wait 

there  until  your  Return ;  which  we  have  done  : And 

why  (hould  we  not,  lecingwe  have  at  all  Times  appeared 
ready  to  oblige  you  !  and  we  are  the  more  particularly 
difpos'd  to  obey  you,  fince  you  tell  us  that  you  are  a 
Tree  replanted,  in  order  to  put  us  under  your  Shade, 
and  we  don't  doubt  but  that  our  Brethren  ot  the  other 
Five-Nations  are  all  difpol#B  to  obey  you. 

.>....•.;:  ..;-.-  .:..--         A.My 


t 


■ni"" 


My 
It  is  VI 
obliging 
hiivc  us  n 
go  a  Hi 
nothing  t 
reprefent 
not  havir 
them  Ion 
Subfillen 
ol  the  otl 
fents  fent 
pray  you 
My 
■  As  we 
renew  th 
ment,  tc 
Children 


Breti 

IAMp 
me, 
my  fVordi 
has  enga^ 
rhefrefh 
towards ) 
and  to  W) 
great  Hu 
at  this  1 
you  what 
Bullets. 

Before 
the  Gove 
your  Fan 
be  hath  ^ 
Jhallgo  A 
Ma 


Tw^wfnaivwr 


nu  had  been  in- 
he  rnnchy  and 
iwards  our  An- 
for  their  Boncj 
French  arc  lalie 
ine  Words,  and 
irts  were  full  ot' 
ny  Urcthrcn,  as 
uions  are  jealous 
War  againll  the 
:  and  deceitful  ? 
t  go  to  Canada 
ife  we  are  not  fo 
ther,  do  not  bc- 
ide  to  you  upon 

more  for  all  you 

:  it  was  ncccflary 

give  a  pofitivc 

1  you  gave  us  to 

We  will  not  fail 

cr  Village  having 
Johnfon,  in  the 
rs,  and  the  two 
of  the  Chief,  and 


told  us  that  our 
Mats,  and  wait 

:  done  : And 

Times  appeared 
nore  particularly 
i  that  you  are  a 
ler  your  Shade, 
iren  of  the  other 


My 


.*^ 


..^-'r^9t»*-:ir 


Y-: 


(     »5»     ) 

My  Brother^ 

It  is  very  true,  that  wc  have  been  always  obedient  and 
obliging  to  you,  and  feeing  you  told  us  that  you  would 
have  us  roll  in  tlu:  Cabin,  our  your.g  Men  being  ready  to 
go  a  Hunting,  being  detain'il  by  your  Orders,  have 
nothing  to  fublill  on  ;  they  have  begg'd  our  Chiefs  to 
rcprefcnt  their  Condition  to  you,  they  want  cvcryl'hing  i 
not  having  been  a  I  hinting,  and  to  pray  you  to  give 
them  lomc  Powder  and  Shot,  to  kill  fomc  Game  for  their 
Subfillence,  as  it  will  be  fomc  Time  before  the  Arrival 
ol  the  other  Fiir-Natious,  and  all  of  us  receive  the  Prc- 
fents  lent  us  by  the  King  our  Father  •,  whilft  wc  wait,  we 
pray  you  to  give  us  what  is  purely  nccelTary  for  us. 
My  Brother, 

As  we  torefee  the  hard  Seafons  are  approaching,  we 
renew  the  Prayers  to  you  wc  often  made  to  the  Govern- 
ment, to  build  a  PLce  for  the  Safety  of  our  Wives  and 
Children  i  we  hope  you  will  adually  cxcaitc  it. 

Colonel  Johnson 'j  Anf-joer,   ' 

Brethren, 

I  AM  perfectly  well  convinced  of  your  good  Difpojitiom  for 
me,  and  of  your  Complaifance  at  all  Times,  to  lijlen  to 
my  IVords,  and  to  do  what  I  demand  of  you :  It  is  that  which 
has  engaged  me  to  take  your  Affairs  in  my  Conjideration. 
Thefrefh  Proofs  you  give  me  of  your  Friend/hip,  and  Regard 
towards  me,  will  enable  me  toferveyour  Inter efls  eff equally, 
and  to  my  own  Satisfaiiion.  I  am  fenftble  I  have  dene  you 
great  Hurt,  as  alfo  to  your  young  Men,  for  detaining  them 
at  this  Time,  upon  their  Mats ;  wherefore  I  readily  grant 
you  what  you  require  of  me,  and  will  give  you  Powder  and 
Bullets. 

Before  Heft  New- York,  I  reprefented  before  your  Brother 
the  Governor,  the  Neceffity  of  Building  a  faie  Retreat  for 
your  Families ;  and  I  have  the  Pleafureto  acquaint  you,  that 
he  hath  given  me  a  full  Power  to  do  it,  and  the  fVorkmt» 
jhallgo  about  it  asfoon  aspofftble.     Signgd, 

May  17th,  1755.  JoHNSOM. 

..... .,,.■ . -         ,,...-,-,.,.  -  .         •« 


W' 


\r'> 


■N- 


m 


■A 


tmmmmmmmi(ifi'i'''mm^}^.  ■■'!-...  > 


C    152    ) 

yf  LETTER  from  Colonel  Johnfon,    to  Mr.  Arenc 

Stevens,  the  hulian  Interpreter  for  the  L'rovince. 

ACCORDING  to  the  Ittjlru^iiom  given  to  General 
Brauuork,  by  his  Majejly^  be  has  been  ■pleafed  to 
entruji  me  with  the  Jole  Direction  and  Management  u/ Indian 
Affairs,  to  wit.  for  the  Six  Unified  Nations  and  their  Allies  \ 
you  are  therefore  to  give  Attention,  and  follow  the  Orders  you 
fjjall  receive  from  me  on  that  Head. 

I  fend  you  this  Letter  by  James  Clement,  with  two  Belts 
cflVampum,  /»<?//»/(?/■ //^^  Five  Upper  Nations,  which  you 
are  to  give  them  in  my  Name,  and  acquaint  them,  that  the 
Troops  who  are  now  on  their  March,  and  thofe  who  may 
march  hereafter  for  Chauaguen,  are  to  reinforce  that  Gar- 
rifon,  and  to  proteSl  it  againfi  any  A£l  of  flofiility  from  the 
French,  who  faid,  that  it  belonged  neither  to  us,  nor  to  the 
Six  Nations,  and  that  they  would  pull  it  down. 

At  myfirfi  Anival,  Ijent  a  String  of  PFampm ;  but  left 
thatJJjould  not  be  fufficient,  I  now  fend  this  Belt.  If  you 
find  that  the  Indians  are  dif  quieted,  And  alarmed  at  the  March 
of  theje  Trodps  through  their  Country,  floould  it  proceed  from 
their  Jealcufy,  or  the  deceitful  Inftnuations  of  French  Emif- 
furies,  you  fhall  affure  them  in  my  Name,  that  they  are  def- 
tinedfor  the  Safety  and  Advantage  of  the  Six  Nations,  aW 
their  Allies  Tou  floall  exhort  them  to  give  no  Heed  to  any 
Lies  which  the  French  might  tell  them  on  that  Account, 
lehofe  Aim  and  Defire  is,  to  take  both  us  and  them,  xvhile  we 
are  aflecp,  to  cut  us  off  from  the  Face  df  the  Earth  ;  that 
they  knawvety  well,  the  only  Means  to  obtain  their  Defire,is 
to  trouble  anddejlroy  the  brotherly  Love  andConJidence  which 
have  fo  long  and  fo  happily  fub/iflcd  between  us.  Tou  fhall 
make  ufe  of  Argirnents  to  that  Purpofe,  or  fucb  like,  as 
Circumjtances  will  require. 

The  ether  Belt  which  I  fend  you,  is  to  inform  them  of  the 
Ccmmiffion  whjch  the  King  their  Father,  has  given  me,  gran- 
,ed  at  their  repeated  Inftances ;  and  that  in  Execution  of 
General  Braddock'j  Orders,  by  this  Belt  I  invite  and  call 
the  Six  Nations  to  come  to  me,  together  with  their  Allies  j 
that  I  have  kindled  at  my  Houfe,  a  fire  0/  Council  and 

Friend- 


^,. 


-«.,-.'.  ;;;"5?*f¥ '^'■ 


^■s-> 


m^. 


t}. 
p 

H 
R 

th 
pr 

'»; 

fr> 
Co 

vz 

U'l 

Li 

up 

thi 

tO'^ 

of 

111: 

vry 


Jo 

Al 

I 


ihnfon,  to  Mr.  Arent 
••/or  the  :'rovince. 
\iiions  given  to  General 
he  has  beat  pleafed  to 
i  Management  jf  Indian 
[Nations  and  their  Allies ; 
znd  follow  the  Orders  you 

Element,  with  two  Belts 
per  Nations,  which  you 
acquaint  tbem^  that  the 
rch^  and  tboje  who  may 
re  to  reinforce  that  Gar- 
A51  of  Hoflility  from  the 
neither  to  usy  nor  to  the 
pull  it  down, 
tg  of  Wampttm  \  hut  kfl 
fend  this  Belt.  If  you 
nd  alarmed  at  the  March 
7,  fljould  it  proceed  from 
mations  of  French  Emif- 
'lame.,  that  they  are  def- 
of  the  Six  Nations,,  ««</ 
m  to  give  no  Heed  to  any 
I  them  on  that  Account ^ 
'h  us  and  them^  while  we 
l-'ace  df  the  Earth  ;  that 
r  to  obtain  their  Defire^is 
,0V  e  (indConfidence  which 
i  between  us.  Tou  fhall 
''urpofcy  or  fuch  like,  as 

is  to  inform  them  of  the 
ther,  has  given  me,  gran- 
td  that  in  Execution  of 
is  Belt  I  invite  and  call 
gether  with  their  Allies ; 
,  a  lire  of  Council  and 
Friend- 


''''*'n>m>~^. 


*"' 


(       153       ) 

Friendfhip,  and  replanted  the  pactf  Tree,  which  Jfiall  fhelier 
th>:ni,  and  all  thofe  who  will  come  under  it ;  that  2  have  d 
Prefent  to  make  th'em,  from  the  King  their  Father  -,  much 
good  News  to  tell  them,  and  a  Council  to  hold,  concerning 
feveral  Affairs  of  (he  greatefi  Ccnfeqtience,  relating  to  their 
Happinefs  and  IVell-being.  If  you  find  that  any  French 
Emiffary  has  been  tampering  with  them,  in  order  to  diffuade, 
them  from  coming  to  me,  you  fmll  employ  your  left  and  moft 
proper  Arguments,  to  diffrpate  thofe  hnprefficns,  and  fhall 
in/ijt  upon  their  Obedience,  and  upon  the  Condejfcen/ion  du§ 
from  them  to  Ui.  If  they  fay  they  are  planting  their  . 
Corn,  and  floould  they  come  KPiv,  they  would  lofe  their  Har- 
•vsfl,  and  want  Provifions  -,  ycu  fijall  affure  them,  that  I 
will  take  Care  of  them,  and  will  make  good  to  them  all  their 
Lofs  occaftoned  thereby :  But  be  furs  in  akl  with  PrudenCt 
upon  that  Article,  and  promife  with  Precaution. 

I  have  had  a  Conference  at  both  the  Mohawk  Towns  ; 
they  were  fatisfied  with  the  two  Belts,  and  have  pr^omifed 
to  join  me  here,  whenever  the  other  Nations  come  down } 
wherefore  urge  them  to  it  as  much  as  you  can. 

I  have  fent  you  fome  Goods  by  Mr.  Clement ;  make  ufi 
of  them  as  you  fee  Caufe ;  and  when  you  have  brought  the 
Indians  tojhe  German  Flats,  you  will  find  Provifions  at, 
tir^  Houfct  of  which  I  defire  you  to  keep  Account. 


I  am^  Tours i  &c. 
Signed, 


9' 


William  Johnson."  "  -g^ 


A  true  Copy  of  what  -iaas  done  by  the  HoneurableWiWum 
Johnfon,  Efqi  and  Peter  Warpall  J,  Secretary  for  Indian 
Affairs. 


■>'■■-*. 


ITHE  SubfCriber,  of  the  Superior  Coundl'  of  ^ebecy 
do  certify.  That  I  have  tranflated,  ^c. 


NUMB. 


X  i>uppofj|{d  to  b«  Wraxall. 


w 


&f 


,    .■«.-.»yi>«iii)jiKyCTr;y*''j»gyg'4'-;7^^'"':''"     

NUMB.     XV. 
J  LETTER   tvritten  by  Sir  William  Johnfon,.  to 

difmnt  Governors,  concerning  the  Plan  of  the  Expedition 

againjt  tl".  Fort  at  Crown-Point. 

New-Yorky  May  5,  1755. 

j%  S  I  am  nominated  Commander  in  Cbief  of  the 
/\    Colonies  Forces,  with  Regard  to  the  Expedition 
fropofcd  againd  Crown-Point,  1  think  it  my  Duty,   to 
endeavour  all  1  can,  to  remove  all  the  Obftacles  that 
might  come  in  the  Way  of  the  prefent  Service,  and  pre- 
vent  every  Thing  that  might  not  tend  to  the  Succcfs  ot 
this  Undertaking  :  As  a  Train  of  Artillery  is  cffentially 
fieceflary,  that  nothing  can  be  done  without  it,  idon'j 
doubt  of  your  doing  all  in  your  Power  to  haten  all 
Things  on  that  Head,  that  our  March  may  not  be  de- 
Uyed  J  and  that  we  may  not  tarry  longer  at  Many  than 
is  neccffary,  which  might  confirm  the  Enemy  m  the  Suf- 
ticioH  of  an  Attack,  if  thhfhould  unfortunately  have  Know- 
ieigt  cfit.    I  much  fear,  I  (hall  want  proper  Pcrfons  to 
manage  the  Train  of  Artillery  ;  wherefore,  if  you  have 
in  your  Province,  any  Perfon  capable  of  being  an  En- 
ainecr,  or  Bombardeer,  or  any  other  fit  Perfon  to  manage 
the  Train  of  Artillery,  I  deflre  you  would  engage  them 
into  the  Service,  according  to  the  Knowledge  you  may 
have  of  their  Capacity.    You  muft  know  alio,  we  want 
a  great  Number  of  Boats,  for  tranfporting  the  Troops, 
^befidesthofe  that  are  ncceffary  for  the  Train  of  Artillery. 
Ammunition  and  Baggage  \  every  Battoe  muft  carry  five 
Meri*     We  have  already  thofc  which  this  Government 
was  to  provide  us  :  As  I  imagine  the  other  Colonies  arc 
to  get  thofe  Batroes  (which  they  are  to  furnifli)  built 
either  here  or  in  the  Jtrfeys^  I  look  upon  it  as  a  Thing 
impofliblc  to  build  a  fufiicient  Number  in  Time,  unlefs 
they  fend  us  Workmen  to  help  us.    I  am,  ^c. 

'^  Signed,        William  Johnson. 

I'Tbe  Subfcriber,  w  of  the  Superior  Council  of  Quebec, 
do  tertifft  That  1  havt  tranjlated,  &c, 
^•^  NUMB. 


:^M^ 


■-'  m. 


J  PRC 

Lawn 
Inhabi 
Banks 


By  Order 

teHisnt  I 
of  No 


fo  the  In, 
Bay-V, 

their  D 
fubmitti 

FOR/ 
tant! 
as  yetfubn, 
but  on  th< 
ner  contra 
their  own 
Thefe 
diately  to 
with  then 
and  every 
whereof,  t 

cm 

M 


tThU  is 
rreaty  of  Uii 
■iflion  ? 


f'Si,'*j'>i}i*vfm 


I  Johnfon,,  to 

'the  Expedition 

fay  5»  «755- 
Cbief  of  the 
he  Expedition 
my  Duty,   to 
Obftacles  that 
vice,  and  pre* 
the  Succcfs  of 
ry  is  cflentially 
out  it,  I  don't 
•  to  haften  all 
lay  not  be  de- 
2X.  Albany  than 
ntmy  in  the  Suf- 
':ely  have  Know- 
per  Pcrfons  to 
re,  if  you  have 
f  being  an  En- 
rfon  to  nnanag^ 
Id  engage  them 
ledge  you  may 
V  alio,  we  want 
ig  the  Troops, 
lin  of  Artillery, 
muft  carry  five 
lis  Government 
ker  Colonies  are 
x>  furnini)  built 
n  it  as  a  Thing 
n  Time,  unleu 
im,  f^c. 
[AM  Johnson. 

ncil  of  Quebec, 
NUMB. 


--  (     155    ) 

NUMB.    XVI. 

A  PROCLAMATION  direHed  hy  Order  of  Charles 
Lawrance,   Efq-,  Governor  of  Acadia,  to  the  French 

Inhabitants  of  the  Neighbourhood  of  the  Ifthmus,  and  tht 
Banks  of  the  River  St.  John. 

,    .    .      By  the  Y^ll^Ci. 

By  Order  of  his  Excellency  Charles  Lawrance,  Efq;  Lieif 
tenant  Govirnor,  and  Commander  in  Chief  of  the  Province 
of  Nova -.Scotia,  ^r  Acadia,  ^c, 

A  PROCLAMATION.  , 

to  the  Inhabitants,  and  others^  the  Natives  ofCh\gnc6xoi 
Bay-V\:rt,  Tintamar,  Chipoudie,  River  St.  John,  and 
their  Dependenciesy  and  to  all  others  who  have  not  as  iet 
fubmitted  tbcmfelves. 

FORASMUCH  as  thegreatcft  Part  of  thclnhabi- 
tants  of  the  Places  aforelaid,  aad  others,  have  not 
as  yet  fubmitted  themfclves  to  tiac  King  of  Great- Britain  ty 
but  on  the  contrary,  have  behayed  themfelves  in  a  Man-' 
ner  contrary  to  all  Order  andLoyaky,  with  Regard  to 
their  own  Sovereign. 

Thele  are  therefore  to  order  them^  to  repair  imme- 
diately to  my  Camp,  to  fubmit  themfelves  ;  bringing 
with  them  all  their  Arms,  Mulkets,.  Swords,  PiftolsT 
and  every  other  Inftrument  of  War ;  in  Difobedienre 
whereof,  they  Ihall  be  treated  as  Rebels. 

GI^EN  at  our  Camp  at  Chignefto,  this  izth  of 

Signed,    Robert  Monckton. 
End  of  the  firfi  PART.  ; 

•     ;■      .  S 

■r'^^*''rrl*  '■'""'^aWe,  how  came  it  to  pafs,  that  ever  fince  th« 
iiffi '^^  *    ^*'-:cht,  11  sever  entered  ia  the  Miad  to  require  thii  SuJb- 


y-i 


fi-^^^ii^~.,^^r,m,,mmm^Lmjm^.  V  j»^.i;S^»fe,^Ai*^^,^|^.^^ij  ■>  .. 


# 


tobir 

•A 


'Jirf>n.^ion  of  Papers,  tending  to 'vindicate  the  Condun  of 
VhecZ  S- France    in  An%cr  to  tbeOhfervatjom  fent 
t^^M-^ry.  toUefn'era^^^^^^^^  cf  Europe. 
^  ART  the  ShCO  N  U. 

N  U  M  B.    I.       ,    ^   .,.       . 
^MFMORIAL  ^f //^^r^^  *y  the  Duke  de  Mirepoix, 
/.^rr  Thomas  Robinfon,  January  the  15/^  1755- 
-     S  an  immediate  Prevention  of  the  Confcquerce. 
which  may  arife  from  the  uncxpcaed  Differ- 
ences in  the  feveral  Colonies  ot  North- Jmn- 
ca.  and  the  HoftiUties  which  attended  them, 
is  a  Matter  of   the    utmoft  Importance,  '  the  King 
J.o(.l^^^^  Majefty,  tliat,  previous  to 

STrqiiry  into  the  Foundation  and  Orcumftances  of 
this  D  Se"  pofitive  Orders  (l^ould  be  ient  to  our 
rerpefhve  Governors,  to  forbid  their  cngagmg  from 
heSnhinanyaew  Enterprize,   or  ^-^^^^^^^ 
Aft.;  of  Violence :   On  the  Contrary,  to  enjom  tliem 
^Uhou  De  ay,  1  eftablifh  Matters  in  the  fame  Situation 
v^  th  Refpeft^  to  the  Territory  of  Oho  or  La  Belle-Ru 
r  ,r^  In^hich  they  were,  or  ought  to  have  been,  before 
the  laft  War ,  and  that  the  refpeaive  Pretenfion  (hould 
be  a^  icably  fubmitted  to  the  Comm.ffion  appointed  at 
P.S  to  the  End  that  the  Differenced  between  the  two 
Cou m  may  be  terminated  by  a  fpeedy  Reconcihafon 

The  King  is  Hkewife  defirous,   in  order  to  remove 

eveTy  uneatV  Impreflion,  and  to  make  his  Subjefts  per- 

.   S  happy  in  the  Enjoyment  of  the  ineftimableBlef- 

'  finEs  of  Peace,  that  his  £n7^««K^  Majeily  would  be 

opfn  and  explicit  with  Regard  to  the  Caufe  and  Defti- 

'   nSn  of  the  Armament  laft  raifed  in  England       ^ 

^  The  K  ng  has  too  great  a  Confidence  m  the  Upngll^ 

ncf]  of  his  |w/.««//Majefty's  Intentions,  not  toexpea 

That  he  will  give  his  free  and  ready  Concurrence  to  Pro- 

tft^nlb  conducive  to  the  ^ftablifhment  of  Peace 

-    FotrSupporto^^  '"^'^"''^ 

Harmony  betweenpur  t^Cov^t.^^^^^^^^ 

,;  ^    '■   •■  '       'MdMB, 


:jlii'<ii'Mii  ■iriit^T''--' -"■• '  i^t^  '■^'' 


e  the  Conduct  of 
Jbfervations  fent 
'ourts  of  Europe. 
D. 

ke  de  Mirepoix, 
r  15th,  ty 55. 
le  Confequerces 
rxpcfted  Differ- 
of  North- Ameri- 
attended  them, 
nee,'' the  King 
liat,  previous  to 
:ircumftances  of 
be  icnt  to  our 
engaging  from 
committing  any 
•to  enjoin  them 
lie  fame  Situation 
?  or  La  Belle-Ri- 
lave  been,  before 
'retenfion  (hould 
Hon  appointed  at 
between  the  two 
Reconciliation, 
order  to  remove 
;  his  Subjefts  per- 
ineftimable  Blef- 
[ajeily  would  be 
Caufe  anS  pefti- 
Englajtd. 

;e  in  the  Upright- 
idns,  nottocxped 
incurrence  to  Pro- 
(hment  of  Peace, 
iU;y,    and  a  good 

jc//f  Mirepoix. 
'  MdMB, 


(     i|7    ) 
N  U  M  B.    II.  ^-        - 

'1'he  Answer  to  the  foregoing  MemoricU  diUvered  hy  Or- 
der of  the  Englifh  Courts  to  the  Duke  dc  Mirepoix, 
January  22^,   1755. 

THE  King  has  beheld  with  Concern  theunexpefted 
Differences  in  North- America^  and  the  Hoftilitics 
wuii  which  they  have  been  accompanied  :  His  Majcfty 
is  equally  defirous,  with  the  modChriJlian  King,  to  jJuC 
an  End  to  them  ;  demanding  nothing  but  what  is  foun- 
ded on  Treaties,  and  is  agreeable  to  the  juft  Rights  and 
Pofleflions  of  his  Crown,  and  the  Proteflion  of  his 
Subjeds  in  that  F.^rt  of  the  World. 

The  King  is  of  Opinion,  that  the  P  opofal  communi- 
cated by  h's  Excellency  the  Duke  ie  Mirepoix^  is  not 
■f xprefs  as  to  that  Ma;/er  :  Neverthei  .:is,  to  manifelt  his 
Defire  of  maintaining  the  moft  pcrf'-xt  Peace,  Union  and 
Harmony,  with  his  mofi:  Chrlftian  Majcfty,  ahd  to  the 
End  that  Matters  may  be  re-cftabliflicd  on  an  equitable 
Footing,  his  Majefly  propofcs,  that  the  Poflellion  of  the 
Country  along  ihe /?/wr  Ohio  or  Bellc-Riviere^  fliould 
be  rcftored  to  the  fame  Condition  as  it  actually  was  in 
at  the  Conclufion  of  the  Treaty  of  Utrecht,  and  accor- 
ding to  the  Stipulations  made  in  the  fame  Treaty-,  as  it 
has  been  renewed  by  that  of  Aix-la-ChapeUe  -,  and  more- 
over, that  the  other  Pofleflionsin  North- America,  be  rc- 
ftorcd  to  the  fame  Condition  in  which  they  were  at  the 
Conclufion  of  the  faid  Treaty  of  C//ytY/v,  and  agreeable  ^ 
to  the  CefTions  and  Stipulations  made  by  that  Treaty. 
And  then  his  Majefty  will  be  able  to  treat  of  the  Method 
of  inftrudting  the  refpedlive  Governors,  to  reftraiathem 
from  engaging  henceforward  in  any  new  Enterprizes, 
or  committing  any  Hoftilities  •,  and  the  Pretenfions  on 
both  Sides,  may  then  be  fubrtiitted  to  be  fpeedily  and 
finally  dilfufTed,  and  amicably  adjufted  between  the  cwq 
Courts. 

Such  are  the  Sentiments  of  his  Majefty  :  The  Defence 
of  his  Rights  and  Poffeflloni,  and  the  Protedion  of  his 
Subjefls,  have  been  his  folc  Motives  for  fending  an 

•^Armament 


.^      ^^^:-if^f$t 


'•?» 


■  .  (     158     ) 

Armrment  into  North-Americoy  which  he  profefles  ro 
■have  done  wiibout  an  Intention  to  injure  any  Power  that 
txijisy  or  to  engage  in  any  Thins;  that  has  a  Tendency  to 
violate  the  general  Peace  f.  To  be  convinced  of  tiiis,  the 
Nature  and  Extent  of  that  Armament  need  only  to  be 
confidered  :  And  the  King  does  not  doubt  but  that  his 
mod  Chriftian  Majefty,  according  to  the  well  known 
Uprightnefs  of  his  Intentions,  will  be  as  open  and  expli- 
cit, with  Refped  to  kis  great  naval  Preparations  at  Rrefi 
and  Toulon.  Signed,     T.  Robinson. 

NUMB.     III. 
R  EP  L  Y  /o  /^?  Memorial  of  Sir  Thomas  Robinfon, 

fent  by ^h;  Duke  do  Mirepoix,  February  6th,   1755. 

■~MiE  King  is  too  well  convinced  o^  the  fincere  Dif- 

pofition  oftheKingofGV^t?/ .Bn/^/«,  to  maintain 

a  good  Underftanding  between  the  two  Crowns,  as  wtU 
as  the  public  Tranquility,  not  to  think,  that  his  Britan- 
jiick  Majefty,  views  with  Concern,  the  Dangers  which 
threaten  both  the  one  and  the  other,  through  the  unex- 
pefted  Difputes  in  hi crth- America,  on  the  River  Ohio. 

It  was  the  iamc  good  Difpofition  that  induced  his 
Majefty  to  propoie,  by  his  Ambafllidor  at  the  Court  of 
London,  that,  previous  to  an  Examination  of  the  Rife  of 
this  Difpute,  and  ah  Enquiry  into  the  Means  of  br!n;^inw 
it  to  an  amicable  Conciufion,  the  two  Kings  ihouidTiTue 
pofitive  Orders  to  their  refpeftivc  Governors  in  that  Part 
P  of  America,  to  abltain  from  all  Afts  of  Violence,  and 
from  engaging  in  any  new  Enterprize,  and  to  put  Things 
into  the  fame  Condition  which  they  were,  or  ought  to 
have  been  in,  before  the  laft  War. 

KhisBritannick  Majefty  thought  this  Propof^l,  at  fir  ft 
Sight,  not  fufficiently  exprefs,  with  Regard  to  the  Mat- 
ter in  Difpute,  between  the  two  Courts ;  we  arc  perfua- 
ded,  that  he  will  alter  his  Opinion,  when  he  reflefts,  that 
France  is  entirely  unacquainted  with  his  Pretenfions  1 
that  fincc  the  Year  1679,  in  which  La  Bell-Riviere  was 

dif. 

t  This  formal  Declaration  ftiould  be  compared  with  the  loftruAi- 
OD»  given  fcy  his  Britwimck  Majerty  toGcneral  Braddock,  and  with 
V  tht  Plan  of  Operation  coAUined  in  Col.  NAritn't  Letter. 


riifcoveret 
fi(in  there 
of  Utrech, 
feem  to  in 
of  that  A 
Majefty, 
entered  i 
Mcafures 
tfpecially 
themfelvc 
granted  b 
which  aix 
dary  of  1 

In  Con 
his  Majel 

ift.  tl 
refpedlive 
iity  and  I 

2^,  To 
out  North 
been,  bcf 
of  the  Tr 

3^.  Til 
Treaty,  h 
Prptenfior 
to  the  C 
Minifters 
upon  a  N 
of  bring!  r 

It  is  wii 
reafonable 
thenn  to  tl 

His  Mi 
that  they 
Britannick 
that  he  hir 
and  Confi 
the  compl 


% 


.:^^itt0m.- 


^itik     '< 


he  profefles  ro 
any  Pozver  that 
'S  a  Tendeney  to 
iced  of  tills,  the 
need  only  to  be 
ibt  but  that  his 
he  well  known 
open  andexpJi- 
irations  at  Breft 

Robinson. 

amasRobinfon, 

the  fincere  Dif- 
7«,  to  mainMin 
^•owns,  as  well 
that  his  Britmi- 
Dangers  which 
ough  the  unex- 
e  River  Ohio, 
It  induced  his 
at  the  Court  of 
1  of  the  Rife  of 
ins  ct  bringing 
igs  ihouid  ifTue 
Qrs  in  that  Part 
Violence,  and 
\  to  put  Things 
tQ 


;,  orougnt 


'ropof^i,  at  firft 
Lid  to  the  Mat- 
we  arc  perfua- 
he  reflefts,  that 
is  Pretenfions  \ 
ell'Riviere  was 
dif. 

wiib  the  loftruAi- 
ADDocK,an<lwitJk 
\  Letter. 


(    '59    ) 

difcovered  by  the  French,  the  Enilijh  have  had  no  FofTcf- 
ficm  there  either  in  Fadt  or  Claim  ;  and  that  the  Treaty  r 
of  Utrecht,  the  Stipulations  of  -which  the  EngUJb  Court 
feem  to  infilt  upon,  has  not  made  even  the  ieaft  Mention  ' 
of  that  Affair.  I'hc  Propofals  offered  to  his  Britamick 
Ma)efty,  are  entirely  confiftcnt  with  the  Engagements 
entered  into  at  the  Treaty  of  y^;W^.C-&^^^//^,  with  the 
Mcafures  that  have  been  taken  fince  that  Epocha,  and 
efpecially  with  the  Conditions  required  by  the  EngUfb 
thcTifelvcs,  in  the  Years  1750  and  1751,  and  readily 
granted  by  his  Majefty,  on  Account  of'the  Differences 
which  arofc  .it  that  Time  concerning  the  Frontier  Boun- 
dary of  Nova-See  tin  and  Canada. 

In  Conf-quence  of  thefe  Reafons  and  Engagements, 
his  Majefty  propofes  : 

17?,  That  the  two  Kings  fliould  gi\'e  Orders  to  their 
refpedive  Governors,  to  abftain  from  all  Ads  of  Hofti- 
lity  and  Invafion. 

2^,Toefl:ablifh  Matters  in  the  fame  Situation  through- 
out North- America^  in  which  they  were,  or  ought  to  have 
been,  before  the  laft  War,  agreeable  >  to  the  9th  Article 
of  the  Treaty  of  Aix-Ia-Chapelle. 

3d,  That  agreeable  to  the  1 8th  Article  of  the  fame 
Treaty,  his  5r//<?»»7V^' Majefty  fliould  make  known  his. f 
Prptenfions,  and  the  Foundation  on  which  they  are  built,  i 
to  the  Commiffion  appointed  at  Paris,  and  that  the  » 
Minifters  of  the  twoCourts  Ihould  be  authorifed  to  enter 
upon  a  Negotiacion,  in  order  to  difcover  the  Means  , 
of  bringing  the  Difpute  to  an  amicable  Conciufion. 

It  is  with  a  Confidence,  which  Conditions  ib  juft  and 
reafonable,  ought  to  raife  in  the  King,  that  he  propofes 
thenm  to  the  King  of  England. 

His  Majefty  has  fo  much  the  more  Reafon  to  cxpedl:, 
that  they  will  be  accepted,  as  he  is  convinced  that  his 
Britanmck  Majefty  is  moved  with  the  i-ime  Diljjofition, 
that  he  himfelf  is  to  deliver  hisSubjeds  from  thcl'rouble 
and  Confufion,  whicli,  by  the  Oppofition  of  Irterefts, 
the  complex  State  of  Affairs,  and  the  Nature  of  Enga^c- 
.    ,.         .  ment 


V  ■  ii 


I 


■MW,»« 


(     i«o     ) 
rtcnts  and  Treaties,  may  prove  fo  ilangcious  to  the 
Peace  of  the  two  Crowns,  as  well  as  that  ol  Europe. 

With  Refpcct  to  the  Armament  whith  the  King  is 
providing,  the  Court  oi  England  is  capable  ot  feeing  into 
the  Occafion  of  it,  as  the  Preparations  which  that  Court 
has  publifhcd  to  all  Europe,  and  in  Part  executed,  have 
rendered  thefe  Precaurionsneceffary  on  the  Side  ot  frame. 
But  his  Majefty  exprcfsly  declares  X^  That  the  Preparati- 
cns  which  are  making  on  his  Side,  have  nothing  ofenftve  in 
View,  but  folely  thei}f/i«c^of  his  Ponenions,  and  the 
Rights  of  his  Cro\"n. 

"     N  U  M  B.    IV. 

SCHEME  of  a  preliminary  Convention^  propofed  ly 
Order  of  his  Mofi  Chriflian  Majefly^  to  the  Court  of 
^   London. 

•\: 

THE  Differences  which  have  arifen  in  North- Jmerica 
fince  the  Peace  figned  at  Aix-la-Chapelle,  the  1 8th 
ot  O£lober  1748,    between  the  Subjefts  of  their  Moft 
Chriftian  and  Britannick  Majeftics,  having  occafioned 
Hoftilities  on  both  Sides,  contrary  to  the  intention  of 
their  Majefties,  the  Confequcnces  of  which  it  is  of  the 
utmoll  Importance  to  fupprefs  and  prevent  -,  their  Maief- 
ties  moved,  by  the  fame  good  Difpofition,   to  reftore 
Tranquility  to  that  Part  of  the  new  World,    and  to 
ftrengthen  more  and  more  the  Friendship  and  goodUn- 
derftanding  which  happily  fubfifts  between  them,  have 
refolved  to  take,  in  Concert,  fuch  Meafures  as  are  mof^ 
efFcftual  and  expedient  for  the  Attainment  of  the  good 
Ends  they  have  in  View.     In  Confequence  ot  this,  they 
have  authorifed  the  Minifters  whofe  Names  arc  under 
written,  having  invefted  them  with  the  full  Powers  ne- 
ceirary  for  that  Purpofe,  to  agree  upon  the  preliminary 
and  provifional  Conditions  contained  in  the  following 

Articles.  . 

Article 

*     X  The  two  King.,  we  lee.  have  made  the  (ame  DKlaration.  Iti» 
Utt  to  iuropt  10  judge  which  of  the  two  1%  fincere. 


Vgcious  to  the 
t  ot  Europe. 
:h  the  King  is 
e  ot  feeing  into 
lich  that  Court 
xeciitcd,  have 
Side  ot  trance. 
r  the  Preparati- 
mg  cffe>t/ive  in 
niuns,  and  the 


»»,  propofed  ly 
0  the  Court  of 


nNorth-Jmerica 
apelky  the  i8th 
s  of  their  Moft 
ving  occafioned 
be  intention  of 
lich  it  is  of  the 
nt  i  their  Majef- 
rion,   to  reftore 
World,    and  to 
ip  and  goodUn- 
t'eenthem,  have 
fures  as  are  mofl 
\entofthe  good 
nee  ot  this,  they 
ames  arc  under 
:  full  Powers  ne- 
1  the  preliminary 
in  the  following 

Article 
ne  DKlaiation.  Iti> 

'C. 


(     »6«     )  .         - 

A  R  T  J  C  L  E     I. 

tr\H  E I  R  Moft  Chrifiian  and  Britanniek  Majeftiei 
X  oblige  thennrelvcs  to  fend,  immediately  after  Ex- 
changing the  Ratification  of  tljc  prcfent  Convention, 
efpecial  Orders  to  their  refpedive  Governors  in  Jmeruat 
to  fiipprefs  all  Hoftilities  between  the  Two  Nations  \  a 
Duplicate  of  which  Order  fhall  be  delivered  on  both 
Sides,  with  the  Ratifications  of  the  prefent  Convention, 
as  well  to  the  Minifters  of  his  Moft  Chriftian  Majefty, 
as  to  thofc  of  his  Britanniek  Majefty. 

J  J.  t 

The  Subjects  of  their  Mofl  Chriftian  and  Briteinnick 
Majefties  ftiall  cvacute  alltheCountry  lituate  between  the 
River  Ohio^  and  the  Mountains  which  bound  Virginia., 
and  fliall  feverally  retire,  viz.  the  French  beyond  the  laid 
River  OhiOy  and  the  Englifj  on  this  Side  the  faid  Moun- 
tains i  fo  that  all  the  Territory  which  lies  betwefn  the 
faid  River  and  Mountains,  ftiall  be  looked  upon  as  neu- 
tral, during  the  Continuance  of  the  prefent  Convention  \ 
and  all  Grants,  if  any  there  be,  which  have  been  made 
by  either  of  the  Two  Naiicns,  on  the  faid  Territory,  fhall 
be  confidcrcd  as  null  and  void. 

III. 

In  order,  the  better  to  fecure  the  Execution  of  the  fird' 
Articles  of  the  prefent  Convention,  and  to  prevent  every 
Occafion  of  new  Differences,  the  refpeftive  Subjcfts  of 
their  Moft C^iriftian  and  Britanniek  Majefties,  ftiall  not,* 
during  the  Continuance  ef  the  prefent  Conventibn,  fre- ' 
quent  the  faid  Territory  fituate  between  the  River  Ohio 
and  the  faid  Mountains,  under  Pretext  of  Commerce, 
or  Paflkge  thro'  the  fame  ;  botl.  which  ar*?  equally  prohi- 
bited to  theTwoNationSi  during  I'^e  fame  Space  of  Tinie. 

IV/  "i-\ 

Agreeable  to  the  IXth  Artirlc  of  the  Treaty  of  y//^- 
la-Chapelle,  all  Things  fhall  be  reftorcd  to  the  fame  Con-' 
dition  in  North- America,  in  which  they  were  or  ought  to 
have  been,  fince  the  Treaty  of  Utrecht :  In  Cortfequence 
of  whiclj,  all  forts  which  luvc  been  built  by  either  Na*? 

i^,  .     tion 


iy  V 


HkU 


'*-'ti*\..,''''**^ 


=*^«iSB^-^   , 


w 


(   162  ) 

tion  fince  that  ^ra^  fhall  be  dcftroyed,  as  well  upon  the 
i^id  Territory  ofOhio^  as  in  every  other  Part  o[ North- 
Aauricat  which  is  in  Difputc  between  tlwJwtf  Nations. 

V. 

The  prefent  preliminary  Convention  Ihall  take  Place 
but  for  two  Years,  to  commence  from  the  Day  of  the 
Exchange  of  thefe  Ratifications :  That  Space  oi  Time 
appearing  fufficientto  terminate,  by  an  amicable  Rccon- 
ciliation,all  the  Difputes  relating  to  NorthAmmca,^h\c\i 
might  hereafter  occafion  any  new  Broils  between  the 
Sublets  of  the  two  Powers. 
^  VI. 

Their  Moft  Chriftian  and  finVfl»«V*  Majefties  engage 
to  deliver,  from  Time  to  Time,  as  well  to  their  refpec- 
tive  Minifter  at  London^  as  to  their  Commiffaries  atP^m, 
fuch  Orders  and  Inftrudions  as  are  ncceflary  to  enable 
them  19  terminate,  in  an  amicable  Manner,  as  foon  as 
poflible,  and  at  leaft  within  the  Space  of  two  Years,  all 
the  Differences  which  have  rifen  between  the  Subieds  of 
the  two  Crowns,  relative  to  their  Foffcffions,  Rights  and 
Pretenfions  in  Nortb-America. 

VII. 

The  prefent  Convention  (hall  be  ratified  by  their  Moft 
Chriftian  and  «ri/<iw»iV*  Majefties,  and  the  Ratifications 
ihall  be  exchanged  in  due  Form,  in  the  City  of  London^ 
within  the  Space  of  Fifteen  Days,  orfooncr,  ifpoffiblc, 
to  begin  from  the  Day  of  figning  the  prefentConvcntion. 

In  Teftimony  whereof,  ^c. 

NUMB.    V. 

CouNTER-ScHZME  of  a  preliminary  Convention,  in 
Anfwer  to  the  preceeding  Scheme,  delivered  to  the 
Duke  de  Mirepoix,  March  7th,  1755. 

THE  Differences  vhicb  have  rifen  in  North- America, 
/ince  the  Peace Jigned  at  Aix-la-ChapcUe,  the  iSth 
October,  1748,  between  the  SubjeSs  cf  their  Jin^^vmc^K. 
and  Moft  Chriftian  Majejiies,  having  occafioned  Hofiilities 
on  both  Sides,  contrary  to  the  Intention  of  their  Majefties^ 
the  Confequenees  whereof^  it  if  ejtbtutmft  Jm^tance  to 

:         Juppnfs 


vention, 
within  tt 
of  the  p 
Forts  bui 
the  Rive 
Their 
likewife  i 
tern  Side 
Shore  of 
far  as  th( 
thence  cc 
|7thBe| 


■»>• 


»»l--' 


.  ,.,- 


well  upon  the 
'art  ot  North- 
two  Nations. 

all  take  Place 
he  Day  ot  the 
pace  ot  Time 
licable  Rccon- 
/iftwmM,which 
Is  between  the 

ajeftics  engage 
:o  their  refpec- 
iffaries  atParis, 
(Tary  to  enable 
ner,  as  foon  as 
■  two  Years,  all 
the  Subjefts  of 
ms,  Rights  and 

d  by  their  Moft 
he  RatiBcations 
City  of  London, 
)ner,  if  poffiblc, 
entConvention. 


lonvention,   in 
elivered  to  the 

«}orth-America, 
apcllc,  the  iZtb 
/ib«irBritannick 
jfioned  Hojiilities 
'  their  Majefties, 
9fi  Imforttmce  to 
Juppnfs 


(     163    ) 

jupprefs  and  prevent  i  their  Majejliest  moved  by  the  fame 
good  Difpo/ttion  to  rtliore  Tranquility  to  that  Part  of  the 
New  ff^erldt  and  to  Jlrengthen  more  and  mo^e  the  Friend- 
Jhip  and  good  Underjianding  that  happily  fuhjifts  between 
themy  have  refolved  to  take  in  Concert^  fuch  Meafures  as 
jhall  be  moft  tffeElual  and  expedient  for  the  Attainment 
of  the  good  End  they  have  in  View.  In  Confequence  whereof, 
they  have  authorized  the  Mintfters  whofe  Names  are  under- 
written^  having  invefted  them  with  the  full  Powers  neteffary 
for  that  Purpofty  to  agree  upon  the  preliminary  andprcvifi- 
onal  Conditions  contained  in  the  following  Articles. 

A  R  T  I  C  L  E      I. 

THEIR  Britannic  AndMoft  Chriftian  Majeftics  oblige 
thcmfelvcs  to  fend,  immediately  after  exchang- 
ing the  Ratifications  of  the  prefent  Convention,  elpecial 
Orders  to  their  rel'pe£tive  Generals  and  Governors  in 
America^  to  fupprefs  and  prevent  all  Hodilities  between 
the  Two  Nations^  a  Duplicate  of  which  Orders  (hall  ber 
delivered  on  both  Sides,  with  the  Ratifications  of  the 
prefenrConvention,  as  well  to  the  Minifters  of  his  Bri- 
/d»/»Viir,  as  to  thofc  of  his  Moft  Chriftian  Maiefty.    > 

II. 

With  Refpeft  to  the  River  Ohio^  and  Territories  ad- 
j:Kent,  it  is  agreed  and  refolved,  that  like  Ordere  be 
fent  at  the  fame  Time,  with  Copies  of  the  prefent  Con- 
vention,  to  the  faid  Generals  and  Governors,^  to  deftroy 
within  the  Space  of  Six  Months,  to  begin  from  the  Date 
of  the  prefent  Convention,  or  fooner,  if  pofTible,  all 
Forts  built  upon  the  Peninfula  in  the  Lake  Erie,  ftnd  upon 
the  River  Aux  Bteufs  and  Ohio. 

Their  Britannick  and  Moft  Chriftian  Majefties  have 
likewife  agreed,  that  a  Line,  beginning  from  the  Eaf- 
tern  Side  of  the  Bay  of  Canaggaboqui  upon  the  Southern 
Shore  of  Lake  Erie,  be  drawn  direAly  to  the  South,  «9 
tar  as  the  40th  Degree  of  North  I  ititude,  and  from 
thence  continued  to  the  South- Weft,  yll  it  (ouches  thtt 
17th  Begifc  of  th^  faid  Latitude. 


■J. 


'i 


'■^^^i£Mit,^ 


rw**  '-tr^thsl 


:.&^.Y'<^-i- viTuiiiiiiiiiiiif   '■  -iiiiif •''?tiiiigi&f: 


\ 


And  ilfo,  that  a  Line,  to  begin  fro"^  ^^^  ^°^}^  9^ 
the  Ki^cr  MiamtJ,  on  the  South  Side  of  Lake  trie,  be 
drawn  to  the  South  or  South-Weft,  as  far  as  the  Source 
of  the  Rivtr  Ouabacbe  or  Saint  Jerome,  and  trom  thence 
continued  along  the  faid  River,  to  its  Confluence  w.th 
the  Obio,  and  from  thence  in  a  ilr;»it  Courfcfls  tar  as  the 
above-mentioned  37th  Dct^rcc  ot  North  Latitude. 

All  I' '>rts  Fortrefle!,,  or  Settlements*  built  or  ercdtrrt 
by  cither  ci  the  two  Crowns,  or  their  refpeftive  Subjefts, 
on  the  faitt  Territory,  fituate  between  the  f^  i  Lines, 
Ihall  be  deilrr  .'d  within  the  above-mentioned  Space  ot 
Six  Months,  to  Ixi^in  from  the  Datt  of  the  p;elcnt  Con- 
vention, or  fooncr,  if  pomblc,  and  (hall  remain  thus 
dcftrovcd,  till  the  prefent  Difputes  be  amicably  conclud- 
ed between  the  two  Courts :  So  that  all  the  Country 
which  lici  between  the  above-faid  Lines,  extending  hoju 
North  to  South,  (liall  remain  and  be  confidered  duni-^ 
that  Spa-c  of  Time,  as  neutral,  and  fhall  only  be  made 
Ufc  of  to  carry  on  a  Oaiimercc  with  the  Natives,  which 

without  any 


(hall  be  tree  and  oper  to  both  Nat;uns, 
Hindrance  or  Moletlation  whatever. 

That  the  refpedive  Generals  and  Governors  of  the  twa 
Crowns,  Ihall,  within  the  Space  of  Six  Months,  to  be 
reckoned  from  the  Date  of  the  prefent  Convention,  or 
foqner,  if  pHHible,  nominate  flcilful  Perfons  to  draw 
and  mark  out  the  faid  Lines,  within  the  Space  of  three 
Moniht  at  fartheft,  to  begin  from  the  Day  on  which  they 
ihall  be  nominated  for  that  Purpofc. 

in. 

It  )&  moreover  agreed  and  refolvcd,  that  the  two  Fort» 
upon  the  River  Niagara  and  Fort-Fredrick^  or  Crown- 
Pointy  on  Lake-Cbamplaiii,  which  have  been  bulk  fince 
thfc  Treaty  of  Utrecht,  renewed  and  confirmed  by  that 
of  Aixla-Cbapelk^  ihall  be  deftroycd  within  the  Space  ot 
Six  Months,  to-be  reckoned  from  the  Date  of  the  prefent 
Convention  •,  and  that  with  refpeft  to  the  faid  Rivet 
Niagara,  and  the  Lakes  Erie,  Ontario,  and  Chamflain, 
||^»  Subjcdts  of  the  two  Crown*  fbaU  have  frte  Liberty 


*  tj* 


,.sg^itMMi 


S'r'iJh&Uiil^'if ¥¥'''■■  ^^■*''^-  "^^' 


the  Mouth  of 
Lake  Eric,  be 
r  as  the  Source 
)d  from  thence 
anflucnce  with 
rfcM  tar  as  the 
Latitude, 
built  or  ercdVrd 
eftivc  Subiefts, 
[he  f '  .1  Lines, 
ioncd  Space  of 
hcp'.clcntCon- 
lil  remain  thus 
icably  conclud- 
11  the  Country 
extending  f:r.>ni 
nfidcrcd  dun!  15 
II  only  be  made 
Natives,  which 
j^   without  any 

:rnorsofthetwa 
Months,  to  be 
Convention,  or 
'crfons  to  draw 
le  Space  ot  three 
ly  on  which  they 


iatthetwoFort» 

irickt  or  Crown- 

been  built  fince 

(nfirmed  by  that 

thin  the  Space  of 

ateoftheprefent 

the  faid  River 

and  Champlain, 

ive  frte  Liberty 

S9. 


sS»- 


^^.^T-^ 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


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23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


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Collection  de 
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mHimmmmm,-- 


r 


to  pafs 
to  carr 
Icflatic 
tuatc  d 
Subjcf 
the  bul 

It  i! 
drawn 
goety  a 
Courfe 
and  thi 
Lcagui 
River  J 
Contin 
Gulf  c 
fronn  C 

Tha 
tuate  t< 
River  i 
by  the : 
only  ul 

Thai 
Baie-fr 
and  Sh 
mentto 
the  Rii 
rence^  \ 
Soverci 
Great- 1 

It  is 
tivc  G< 
within 
the  Dal 
l^ie,  no 
and  ma 
to  begii 


to  pafs  and  repafs  them,  with  the  utmoft  Security,  tnd 
to  carry  on  a  Commerce  without  any  Hindrance  or  Mo- 
leftation,  with  the  Indians  who  inhabit  the  Cauhtry  fi- 
tuatc  around  the  Great-Lakes,  as  well  thefe  who  are  the, 
Subjects  and  Allies  of  Great-Britain^  as  thofc  who  are 
the  bubjcds  and  Allies  of  France. 

IV. 

It  is  likcwifc  agreed  and  refolved,  that  a  Line  be 
drawn  from  the  Mouth  of  the  River  Penohfcot  or  Penta" 
goety  as  far-  as  its  Source,  and  from  thence  in  a  ftratf 
Courfe  to  the  North,  as  far  as  the  River  St.  Lawfemi 
and  that,  from  a  Point  which  lies  at  the  Diftance  of  20 
Leagues  in  a  ftrait  Courfe,  from  the  Mouth  of  the  faid 
River  Penohfcot  or  Pentagoet^z  Line  be  drawn  acrofs  the 
Continent,  to  a  Point  which  lies  upon  the  Coaft  of  the 
Gulf  ot  St.  Lawrence^  at  the  Diflance  of  20  League* 
from  Cape-Tourmentiny  in  a  ftrait  Courfe. 

That  with  relpeft  to  the  Countries  and  Territories  fi- 
tuate  to  the  North,  between  the  faid  Lines,  as  far  as  the 
River  St.  Lapfrencey  they  (hall  not  be  fettled  nor  pofTt-ffeci 
by  the  Subjects  of  either  of  the  two  Crowns,  who  fhall 
only  ule  them  for  the  Benefit  of  Traffick  and  Commerce. 

That  all  the  Pcninfuky  JjibmuSy  and  Bay  of  Fundiy  of 
Baie-francoifey  and  in  general  all  the  Lands,  Watem 
and  Shores,  fituate  to  the  South-Eaft  of  the  Line  above- 
mentioned,  to  be  drawn  acrofs  the  faid  Continent  froip 
the  River  Penohfcot  or  Pentagoet  to  the  Gulf  of  St.  Law- 
rencey  be  acknowledged  and  declared  to  belong,  in  full 
Sovereignty,  and  ablblutc  Propriety,  to  the  Crown  of 
Great-Britain.  \ 

It  is  moreover,  agreed  and  refolved,  that  the  refpec- 
tiye  Generals  and  Governors  of  the  two  Crowns,  Ihall, 
within  the  Space  of  Six  Months,  to  be  reckoned  frot» 
the  Date  of  the  prclcnt  Convention,  or  fooner,  ifpoffi- 
ye,  nominate  and  appoint  flcilful  Perfons,  to  draw  ouc 
and  mark  the  faidLines,  within  three  Months  at  fartheft, 
to  begin  from  the  Day  on  which  they  (hail  be  nominated 
\ps  ^  JBurpolf.     ^ 


■L>, 


K^mTmS 


( 


i66 
V. 


) 


Tht\t  Britannick  and  Moft  Chriftian  Majellics  engage 
to  deliver,  without  Delay,  after  the  Ratification  of  the 
prefent  Convention,  fuch  Orders  and  In(lru£tions  to 
their  refpeftive  Miniftcrs,  as  (hall  be  neceffary  to  enable 
them  to  terminate  by  a  definitive  Treaty  in  an  amicable 
Manner,  and  as  foon  as  poffible,  all  the  Differences  which 
have  rifen  between  the  Subjects  of  the  two  Crowns,  rela- 
tive their toPoffeflions, Rights  and  Pretenfions  in^mfrica, 
which  are  not  finally  terminated  by  the  prefent  Conven- 
^n.  VI. 

The  prefent  Convention  fhall  be  ratified  by  their 
Britannick  and  Mod  Chriftian  Majcllies,  and  the  Rati- 
fications  fhall  be  exchanged  in  due  Form  in  the  City  of 
Z^»<A7»,within  the  Space  ot  1 5  Days,  or  fooner,  if  poffible, 
to  begin  fromthcDay  of  figning  the  prefent  Convention. 
In  Teftimony  whereof,  ^f. 

N  U  M  B.    VI. 

Extra5l  of  a  Letter  wrote  by  M.  Rouille,  to  the  Duke  de 

Mirepoix,  the  lyth  of  Marchy  1755. 

TO  obtain  an  Endfo  defirable  as  that  of  Peace^  it  will 
be  neceffary  to  conjider  the  Nature  and  Circumfiances 
tf  the  Engagements  we  are  about  to  contra^,  and  to  compare 
the  Rights  and  Conveniences  0/  both  Sides.  A  Talk  offmb 
Importance  will  require  a  great  Deal  of  Time  and  Applica- 
tion, Andy  in  the  mean  while,  what  is  to  be  done  with  the 
Armaments  that  are  prepared  on  both  Sides  ^  How  will  it 
ke  poj^le  to  reap  any  Benefit  from  a  Negociaticn,  if  HofH- 
Uties  ftill  continue  in  America,  and  even  commence  in  the 
tpen  Sea  ?  Will  not  the  Interefis  and  Advantages  tf  one  Side 
«r  the  other y  be  Motives  to  multiply  their  Pretenfions  and 
Difficulties,  and  raife  frefh  Obfiacles  to  a  Peace  ?  This  In- 
(fOHvenience  mufi  therefore  be  prevented ;  and  there  is  no  other 
Method  of  doing  it,  but  by  fending  uniform  Orders  to  the 
refpe£iive  Governors  in  America,  and  Commanders  of  Squa- 
drons, ti>fix  their  Operations  invariably,  andjiuply  on  tbi 
pefenjhe,  and  abfolutely  to  prohibit  them  fmm  committing 
$1^  offetifivt  A^of  Hoftility,  under  aty PrtttKtvib(Ufoeveri 
•^Ht?"   ^^         ■  '     -■    ■     -  -^       -  '       'The 


■*m%: 


i  ;s  -fe^^-l^-liS** 


The'i 
King  of 
which  h 
ders,  if 
ihefamt 
we  prop* 
of  Equit 
or  can  , 
fincere  a 

The  I 
caution, 
ofTreaci 
they  are 
Jhouldau 
are  evidt 
I  havi 
jt£l\  <f« 
the  fanu 
Peace,  a 
fuite  inci 

ANS\ 
D 

IT  \i\ 
ofL 
which  m 
between 
by  his  £ 
pofition  ( 

The  I 
traaofl 
to  his  £: 
which  ws 
but  a  Cc 

TheC 
PropofaJ 
of  the  IS 
favourab 


Majellies  engase 
atificacion  of  the 
I  Inftru£tions  to 
xelTary  to  enable 
ty  in  an  amicable 
Differences  which 
:wo  Crowns,  rela- 
nfions  in/ttMricat 
prefent  Conven- 

ratified  by  their 
s,  and  the  Rati> 
•m  in  the  City  of 
boner,  if  pofTible, 
fent  Convention. 


e,  to  the  Duke  de 

.  ^755- 

t  of  Peacet  it  will 

and  Circumjiances 

If,  and  to  compare 

A^aOtofJwh 

Ime  and  Applica- 

':o  be  done  with  the 

desf  How  will  it 

ociation,  if  Hofti- 

n  commence  in  the 

tantages  of  one  Side 

irPrete^ons  and 

t  Peace  P  This  In- 

ind  there  is  no  other 

rrm  Orders  tfi  the 

mmanders  of  Sqrn- 

,  andjmply  on  thi 

m  fi-m  committing 

r0ttiKefifbatfoever* 

The 


The  King  will  make  no  Scrapie  of  comminieating  to  the 
King  fl/ England,  Duplicates  of  the  Orders  and  I^ruSlioni 
which  his  Majefly  fhall  fend  to  his  Governors  and  Comman- 
ders, if  his  Britannick  Majefly  will,  on  his  Part,  aS  with 
ibefame  Candour  and  Confidmce,  towards  the  King,  JVhai 
wefropofe  in  this  Refpe£f,  isfo  conjijlent  with  au  the  Rules 
of  Equity  and  Moderation,  that  we  do  vot  conceive  it  wilU 
or  can  be  reje^ed,  if  the  Defire  of  t'eace  is  as  real  and 
fincere  at  London,  as  it  is  at  Vcrfailles. 

The  Reputation  of  the  two  Courts  demands  alfo  this  Pre- 
caution,  Jince  they  would  expofe  themfelves  to  the  Sufpicion 
of  Treachery,  or  Double-dealing  in  their  Proceedings,  tfwhik 
they  are  carrying  on  a  Negociation  to  accomplifo  a  Peace,  thep 
Jbould  authorize,  or  even  appear  to  tolerate,  Hofiilities,  which 
are  evidently  contrary  to  the  very  Notion  of  a  Reconciliation,^ 

I  have  already.  Sir,  given  you  my  Sentiments  on  thisSub- 
je£l ',  and  as  Truth  is  always  the  fame,  I  fhall  confiantly  ufe 
the  fame  Language,  viz.  That  to  be  Jincerely  deftrous  of- 
Peace,  and  not  tofupprefs  or  prevent  Hofiilities,  are  Things 
fiiite  incompatible,  ^ 

NUMB.    VII.  *  * 

ANSWER  delivered  by  the  Court  of  London,  to  the 
DukedeMinpoix,  the  5th  of  April,  1755.         ft 

IT  is  with  all  the  Eagernefs  imaginable,  that  the  Court 
of  London  agrees  to  conclude  a  definitive  Treaty, 
which  may  take  in  all  the  Farts  of  America  in  Difpute^ 
between  the  two  Nations  \  this  having  been  intimatfd 
by  his  Excclkncy  the  Duke  deMirepoix,  to  be  the  Dif-** 
pofition  of  his  Court.  ^ 

The  Propofal  made  by  the  Court  of  France,  in  theExs^ 
trail  ofM.Rouille'i  Letter,  written  the  27th  of  Mar d^ 
to  his  Excellency  the  Duke  de  Mirepoix,  is  the  very  fame 
which  was  formerly  made,  and  has  no  other  End  in  Vte«r 
but  a  Ceflation  of  Arms  between  the  two  Nations. 

The  Cpurt  of  London  finds  the  fame  Difficulties  in  thiV 
Propofal,  which  prefented  themfelves  at  the  Beginning 
of  the  Negociation,  tnd  cannot  think  it  by  any  Nkari»  • 
favourable  to  a  Reconciliation. 


-"'•"f^'^ir^r  "trr" 


yWWMDII 


1 1 »»! J, "1,1  in  w  1,1,1  ««i nmw'wwupn 


lA|^=A-..^-itfl.- 


(     168    )  ^ 

In  the  Counter- Scheme  which  the  Court  of  London 
delivered,  in  Anfwer  to  the  Flan  of  a  Convention  tor- 
mcrly  propofed  by  fraiicet  nothing  is  let  forth  but  what 
appeared  to  that  Court  to  belong  by  Right  and  Treaty, 
,to  the  Crown  of  Great-£rUain. 

They  think  they  have  even  gi^en  up  that  Right  in 
fevcral  Refpefts,  to  ttftify  their  fi n cere  De fire  of  i'eace, 
and  of  cultivating  the  moft  perfect  Amity  with  the  Court 
of  France :  For  this  Reafon,  the  Court  of  London  iiave 
been  induced  toexped,  that  his  Mod  Chriftian  Majcily, 
according  to  his  well-known  Candor,  would  have  in- 
ftrufted  and  authorifcd  his  AmbaiTador,  to  deliver  in  the 
particular  Objedions  which  the  Court  of  Frame  had  to 
make  to  the  Counter-Schenrie,  and  to  be  amicably  ex- 
plicit, widi  Refpedl  to  the  Demands  of  his  Court.  This 
appearing  the  moft  natural  and  mofl:  regular  Method,  as 
well  as  the  moHagreeab'.e  to  the  common  Defircs  ot  the 
Courts  of  London  and  Verfailleiy  of  obtaining  by  a  Nego- 
^\tx\or\  already  agreed  upon  ^yAi^ctdy  and  definitive  Re- 
conciliation, as  to  tlie  Points  contelted  inyfw^r/Vtf  between 
'  Ihe  two  Nations^        /      Jf-rivi 

♦       NUMB.    VIII. 
Extre^lf  of  a  Letter  jrom  M.  Rouille,  to  the  Duke  de 
Mirepoix,  dated  April  13^-fc,  1755,  delivered  to  the 
"EngWih  Mmjiry.  '■-' 

THE  Kifig,  whom  I  have  acquainted  with  theDefirc 
which  his  Brttannick  Majefty  has  expreflcd  to  you, 
ot  receiving  a  fpeedy  Anfwer  to  the  Meniorial,  whith 
was  delivered  to  you  by  SxTTbcmas  Rohinfony  has  ordered 
me  to  difpatch  your  Courier  to  you  without  Delay. 

The  .King  would  be  willing  to  carry  his  Complaifance 
much  forthwi  but  thePropol'als  of  the  Court  tA  London^ 
l^yc  his  Majefty  no  Room  to  expefta  Conclufiori  of  the 
Differences  between  the  twoC<!lurtS)  by  a  juft  and  agree- 
able Reconciliation. 

According 
,  .t  If  the  Ntgocittiofl  wai  jgrec<^  wpop,  why  ^\i  the  Enelifh  at  that 
very  Time  ftive  Orders  to  att«ck  the  French  in.Ainerict  f  And  whjr 
<iid|hi^y  refafe  to  comipaBd  a  SufpeitCon  of  Hofiilitick  ia  Europe*. 


M 


H  ■■:'■*¥?- r'-*-'-^*^     =..i^r^--=il*       -^.' 


wv-vtMpnnn 


■JiilWir 


Court  of  Lcndon 
i  Convention  tor- 
let  forth  but  what 
Light  and  Treaty, 

up  that  Right  in 
e  Dcfire  of  i'eace, 
ity  with  the  Court 
t  of  London  iiave 
whrifticin  MajeCcy, 
would  have  in- 
•,  to  deliver  in  the 
of  France  had  to 
3  be  amicably  cx- 
his  Court.  This 
rgular  Method,  as 
non  Defircs  ot  the 
aining  by  a  Nego- 
ind  definitive  Re- 
mAmericahQvnt^vi 


,  to  the  "Duke  de 
5,  delivered  to  the 

red  with  theDeftrc 
IS  expreflcd  to  you» 
Meniorial,  whith 
hinfon^  has  ordered 
ithout  Delay. 
'  his  Corliplaifance 
e  Court  c^  London^ 
Gonclufion  of  the 
y  a  jufl:  and  agree- 
According 
did  the  Enplifti  at  that 
n.  America  r  And  whjr 
[ofiilitick  is  Europe*. 


M 


(      167      ) 

According  to  the  Court  of  London^  the  Succefs  of  our 
Negociation  entirely  depends  upon  the Ceffion. demanded 
by  the  £«p-/j/2>,.not  only  of  the  whole  Peninjula^  of  which 
Acadia  is  but  a  Part,  butalfo  of  Twenty  Leagues  on  the 
Coaft  of  Baie-francoife^  on  the  Side  of  Canada, 

This  Propofal,  elpecially  with  Refpeft  to  20  Leagues 
of  Coaft,  is  lb  diamatrically  oppofite  to  our  Rights,  our 
Fofleflion,  and  moll  efTential  Interefl,  that  we  cannot 
poflibly  admit  of  it. 

Could  a  CefTion  of  this  Kind  be  necefTary,  or  even 
ufeful  to  the  Englijby  either  for  their  Trade  with  the 
Indians^  or  their  Communication  yfith  Acadia^  or  New- 
Englandy  we  might  attribute  to  one  or  other  of  thefo 
Motives,  the  Demand  they  have  made  of  us,  but  their 
Pretenfion  cannot  be  founded  on  any  Reafon  or  Pretence 
of  NccefTity  or  Utility. 

The  Indians  have  always  had  the  Liberty  of  trading 
in  the  Englijh  Colonies,  as  well  as  the  French  \  and  20 
Leagues  more,  could  make  no  Change  in  the  Situation 
of  Affairs  in  that  Refped. 

As  to  the  Communication  between  Acadia  and  Neio- 
England^  it  is  ablblutely  iwpradicable  by  Land,  as  well 
by  Reafon  of  the  Length,  as  the  extreme  Difficulty  of 
the  Roads,  and  the  Pnflage  of  Rivers,  which  can  only 
be  crofTed  near  the  Mouths  j  whereas  on  the  contrary, 
that  Communication  is  extremely  fhort  and  eafy  by  Sea. 

It  is  for  this  Reafon,  that  the  King  cannot,  nor  ought, 
to  confent  to  this,  becaufe  the  Territory  along  Baje-Fran-^ 
coife^  on  the  Side  of  Canada,  is  indifpenfably  ncCelTary 
for  us  i  fmce  without  it,  ^.el/eck  could  have  no  Commu* 
nicationduringonc  Part  of  the  Year,  cither  Vfith  Eurojpe, 
or  the  yks-Royale,  and  St.  John* 

With  Rcfpcft  ro  that  Part  oi  Canada  which  lies  aboV« 
Siuebeck  and  Montreal,  the  Court  of  London  propolcs, 
that  the  River  St.  Lawrence,  and  the  Lakes  Ontario  an4 
Erie,  fhould  ferve  as  Limits  between  the  Tivo  Nations. 

Upon  the  Determination  ot  thefe  Limits,  the  Eiiglijb 
Minittry  pretend  alfo  tp  eftablilh  thsBi^  of  a  ]!*legocia- 


/ 


iiii 


iSiSik 


I 


{  t6t  ) 
Very  far.  Sir,  from  entering  upon  any  Explication  of 
this  Article,  the  King  will  never  confent,  that  his  So- 
vcreignty  upon  the  South  Side  of  the  Rivcf  St.  Lawrence, 
and  upon  the  Lakes  Ontario  and  £rf>,  (hould  be  called 
inbueftion  ;  and  that  thofeParts,  which  have  ever  been 
looked  upon  as  the  Center  of  Canada,  ftiould.  become  its 

The'Pretenfionof£«5?/W,  in  Regard  to  this,  would 
render  the  Prefervaiion  of  that  Part  of  Canada,  which 
would  be  left  to  us,  after  fuch  •  Divifion,  extremely 
t  ifficult,  and  even  impoflible.      ,       .    ,.    , 

The  Court  of  London  does  not  fecm  mclined  to  con- 
fen:,  that  we  (hould  ereft  Settlements  between  the  Rivers 
Ohio  and  Ouabacbe,  unlefs  perhaps,  it  be  feveral  Leagues 
on  this  Side  the  left  Bank  of  the  laft  River. 

We  have  offered  to  evacuate  the  Lands  between  the 

Mountains  of  Virginia,  and  the  Ohio,  and  to  eftablifh  a 

Neutrality  there  •,  but  we  can  agree  to  nothing  further, 

without  giving  u^  at  once  our  Communication  between 

•  Ijfuifiana  and  Canada.  ^  •        a        j 

We  are  too  effentially  different  in  our  Interefts  and 
Views,  as  to  thefe  capital  Poilfts,  which  the  En%lijh  Mi- 
Biftry  look  upon  as  the  neceffary  Bafis  of  a  Negociation. 

In  the  Memorial  delivered  to  you  by  the  Court  of 
Vmdon,  they  fay.  that  they  hoped  you  would  have  been 
inftrufted  and  authorifed,  to  give  them  the  feveral  Ob|- 
jeftions  which  the  Court  of  France  had  to  make  agamft 
ihe  Counter-Scheme,  and  to  open  your  Mind  to  them, 

in  an  amicable  Manner.  .     ,  ,    «^. 

The  Reafons  which  have  determined  the  King  not  to 
knfwer  in  Writing,  the  Counter-Scheme  in  <^eftion, 
fubfift  ever  the  fame,  fmce  all  that  the  Englifb  Miniftry 
tiave  faid  to  you,  fuice  rhe  Delivery  of  that  Paper,  ditfera 
fcarcely  in  any  Thing  from  what  it  contains. 
*  Their  laft  Propofals  have  only  been  of  ufe,  to  untold 
^hat  was  not  cxpjtfftd  in  fo  clear  a  Manner  io  the 
CouoMr-Scheme,  .. 


^■■'.  <»:, 


*««S*3j*aUW  ■**• 


mnimmtT' 


ly  Explication  of 
ent,  that  his  So- 
vcr  5/.  Lawrencty 
(hould  be  called 
h  have  ever  been 
hould,  become  its 

rd  to  this,  would 
f  Canada^  which 
/ifion,  extremely 

inclined  to  con- 
Btween  the  Rivers 
e  feveral  Leagues 
.iver. 

inds  between  the 
and  to  eftablifli  a 
)  nothing  further, 
iinication  between 

our  Interefts  and 
:hthe£»f/t^Mi- 
of  a  Negociation. 
by  the  Court  of 
I  would  have  been 
m  the  feveral  Ob- 
d  to  make  againft 
ir  Mind  to  them, 

xl  the  Ku^  not  to 
erne  in^eftion, 
le  Englijh  Miniftry 
that  Paper,  differs 
antains. 

nofufe,  to  unfold 
a  Manner  io  the 

Xf 


(    i6f    ) 

If  the  King  of  England^  and  his  Miniftry,  are  as  fin- 
cerely  defirous  ot  Peace,  as  we  are,  they  muft  formally 
defift  from  their  Fretenfion  to  make  us  abandon, 

I/?,  The  Southern  Shore  of  the  River  St.  Lawrenee, 
and  the  Lakes,  whofe  Waters  run  into  that  River. 

2</,  The  Twenty  Leagues  of  Country,  which  they 
demand  on  Baie-francoije, 

3^,  The  Territory  between  Ohio  and  Ouaiaebe. 

We  are  ready  to  enter  upon  a  Negociation,  as  to  what 
remains,  and  even  to  facrifi(;e  our  own  Interefts  to  all  the 
Conveniences  of  the  Englifi^  which  are  confiftent  with 
theDignity  of  theKing,and  theSecurity  of  his  Po£feflions. 

We  fhaJl  be  willing  to  take,  in  Concert  with  the  Bri" 
tiflj  Miniftry,  the  moft  effedlual  Methods  to  prevent  thd 
two  Nations  in  ^Imerica,  from  invading,  or  diftreifing 
each  other. 

In  fine,  we  fhall  not  be  averfe,  even  to  join  with  them 
in  fuch  Regulations  as  may  facilitate  and  improve  their 
Commerce  •,  but  fhall  enter  upon  no  Detail  on  this  Par- 
ticular, as  long  as  the  Court  of  London  confiders  thofe 
three  Articles,  which  we  have  abfolutely  determined  to 
reject,  as  a  necefTary  and  preliminary  Bafis  of  the  Ne- 
gociation. 

Ihe  Territory  of  Ohio,  was  the  fole  Matter  in  Difpute, 
ztftrji  i  and  now  their  Pretenfions  take  in  all  thofe  Parti 
of  Canada,  which  lie  on  the  Southern  Shore  of  the  River 
St.  Lawrence. 

A  provifional  Accommodation  was  agreed  to  be  ob^ 
fcrved,  till  a  definitive  Treaty  could  be  accomplifhed. 
They  were  afterwards  defirous  of  a  provifional  Cpnven- 
tion,  and  purpofed  to  terminate  all  at  once. 

We  offered  to  ifTue  Orders  to  our  refpediveGovemon.' 
and  Commanders  of  Squadrons,  to  fuppreis  all  further 
Hoftilities.  But  this  Propofal,  equitable  and  moderatt 
at  it  was,  was  rejeded. 


NUMi; 


.y^^.k 


■m. 


J  * 


•  n 


_»        ,  •  t*'—  *   fa,        v'»^      ^** 


mmtmmngliiKmmm^mmk^ 


%^^-  - 


•  -^ 


'■•^■;**i^' 


.(    >7o    ) 
NUMB. 


"B-tMAT^vi  delivered  by  the  Court  of  London,  to  the  Duke 
de  Mircpoix,  the  2^th  of  April,  i75<;. 

THE  Court  oi Great-Britain  obferves  with  Concern, 
that  the  amicable  Anfwcr  delivered  to  his  Excel- 
lency the  Duke  dt-  MirepoiXy  the  5th  Inftant,  in  Confe- 
quence  of  M.  Rouille'i  Letter  of  the  27th  of  laft  Month, 
has  not  produced  fuch  Inftruftions  from  his  Court,  as 
would  have  enabled  him  immediately  to  enter  upon  a 
Negociation  on  the  different  Points  contained  in  the 
Counter-Scheme,  which  was  delivered  to  him  on  the 
7th  of  March  \  but,  on  ?he  contrary,  that  M.  Rouille 
declares,  in  the  Extraft  of  his  Letter  of  the  1 3th  Inftant, 
vrhich  the  French  Ambaffador  has  communicated  to  Sir 
Thomas  Robin/on,  that  France  requires  of  the  fir//?/& 
Court,  previous  to  any  Negociation,  that  they  formal  ly 
defilt  from  their  Prctenfions  of  making  the  French  aban- 
don, 

iji.  The  South-fide  of  the  River  St.  Lawrence^  and 
the  Lakes,  whofe  Waters  run  into  that  River. 

2d,  The  Twenty  Leagues  of  Country  which  they  de- 
(nand  on  Baie-francoife. 

«i,  The  Territory  between  the  Ohio  and  Ombatbe. 
As  to  the  firft  of  thefe  Points,  M.  de  Rouille  has  re- 
prefented  it  in  a  Manner  very  compendious  and  dif- 
erent  from  that  in  whicli  it  was  intended  to  h;ive  been 
itnderftood  in  the  Counter-Scheme  above-mentioned  *. 
But  with  Refpcdt  to  this  Point,  as  well  as  the  other  two, 
the  Britijh  Court  refer  and  adhere  to  what  was  there  fee 
forth,  as  being  founded  on  Treaties,  and  appearing  ab- 
folutely  neceffary  for  their  Security. 

They  are,  neverthelefs,  difpofed  to  enter  upon  a  EHf- 
cuflion  of  the  Points  in  Difpute,  in  the  Courle  of  which 
it  will  be  difcovered,  wherein  confift  the  moft  eflential 

Differences 

♦  We  may  here  obferve,  how  carefully  the  Britifli  MiniUry  pretend 

VDt  fp  comprehend  thoroughly  the  Ideas  of  the  Court  of  France.  All 

that  the  Engliih  were  apprehenfi  ve  of,  was,  that  the  Negociation  ihonld 

be  broke  of,  before  th«  Execution  of  their  Plan  of  Invaiion, 


.j.«^->iH---*^>»*-"' 


■,.'.j^!«,',i.  ,»ASL;,i-* 


i'*-,,jui::  ,  jfav_-3r. 


<«n»i».«Mmiw»w>ii 


idon,  to  the  Duke 
ril,  i75<;. 
res  with  Concern, 
:red  to  his  Excel- 
nftant,  in  Confe- 
7th  of  laft  Month, 
om  his  Court,  as 
f  to  enter  upon  a 
contained  in  the 
I  to  him  on  the 
r,  that  M.  Rouille 
fthe  i3thlnftant, 
imunicated  to  Sir 
•es  of  the  Britijb 
that  they  formally 

I  the  French  aban- 

St.  Lawrence^  and 

at  River. 

try  which  they  de- 

io  and  Ouabathe. 
de  Rouille  has  re- 
pendious  and  dif- 
■nded  to  have  been 
bove- mentioned  *. 

II  as  the  other  two, 
what  was  there  fee 
and  appearing  ab' 

>  enter  upon  a  Dif- 

[le  Courfe  of  which 

:  the  moft  efiential 

Differences 

Britifh  Minillry  pretend 
e  Court  of  France.  All 
t  the  Negociation  flionld 
an  of  Invaiioo, 


;^*^,^;.,  .-fe..jr.:.^^Sjsi 


(     '71     ) 
Difference!*  between  the  two  Courts,  and  thfir  mutual 

Dcfire  of  IVacc  will  lead  them  to  find  out  the  Mcthodi 

of  facilitating  an  Accommodation. 

.NUMB.     X. 

Remark  delivered  by  the  Duke  de  Mirepoix,  the  6lh  of 

'^''•Y'  1755,  »'«  v^«/^<^'*/o /^^^^^f^<^<''«^- 

THE  Court  of  France  is  inflexible  in  its  Principles 
of  Equity  and  Moderation.  It  is  always  moft 
fiiKereiy  dcfirous  of  maintaining  I'eace  and  a  perfitdk 
Harmony  with  the  Britilh  Court.  If  the  Duke  de  Mire'* 
poix  has  not  bcrn  authorized  to  enter  upon  a  Negociati- 
on on  the  three  Points  relating  to,  i/?.  The  South-fide 
of  the  River  St.  Lazvrence^  and  the  Lakes,  whole  Wa-. 
tcrs  run  into  that  River  ;  2d,  The  Twenty  Leagues  of 
Country  along  the  Coaft  of  Baie-francoife ;  and,  3^, 
The  Territory  between  Ohio  and  Ouahache  -,  it  is  onlf 
becaufe  a  Compliance  with  the  Demands  of  the  Britijh 
Court,  on  thefe  three  Points,  has  always  been  reprcfent-. 
ed  to  the  Court  of  France,  as  the  neceffary  Bafis  and 
preliminary  Conditions  of  the  Negociation. 

It  is  in  this  Scnle,  that  the  Court  of  France  has  rc- 

Suired,  and  continues  to  require,  that  the  £n//y^ Court 
efift  from  their  Pretenfions  on  thefe  three  Points  ;  but 
the  Cou«t  of  France  is  difpofed,  as  it  alawys  has  been, 
to  afTift,  agreeable  to  the  i8th  Article  of  the  Treaty  of 
Aix-la-Chapelle,  in  an  amicable  Examination  and  Difcuf-. 
fion  of  all  the  Points  in  Difpute  •,  and  to  make  fuch  Dif- 
pofitions,  in  Concert  with  the  Britijh  Court,  as  (hall  be, 
judged  necefTary  to  terminate  all  the  Differences  between 
the  two  Nations,  and  eftabliih  Matters  upon  fuch  a 
Footing  in  America,  as  fhall  be  conducive  to  the  Quiet 
and  Security  of  the  refpeftive  Colonics,  as  well  for  the 
prefent,  as  future  Times.  The  Court  of  France  is  far 
from  being  defirous  to  make  any  Demand,  but, what  19 
founded  on  real  Right  and  Treaties  -,  and  as  the  Britijb 
Court  declares  that  they  are  aftuatcd  by  the  famc^enti- 
ments,  there  is  Rcafon  to  hope,  that  Difpofitiona  fo  e- 
quitablc  and  moderate  on  both  Sides,  will,  produce  the 

.  ........  ,.n,  .     ,  ,;,:.:  wholefome 


r.».lAU4^«ii»i^ 


iA-.4.,-.,j 


""••wrffm 


■r^ 


■  nmw 


aaMVK 


It 


(    17a    ) 
Wholefome  EfFeA,  which  to  the  two  Court!  oueht  to 
expedl,  for  their  common  Tranquility,  and  the  Hap- 
pinefs  of  the  Public. 

NUMB.    XI. 

Remark  delivered  by  the  Britifli  Mniftrft  t§  the  Dukedi 

Mirepotx,  May  gtb^  1755. 

THE  Court  of  GrM/-5r;/tf;»obfcrvcs,  with  the  high- 
e(l  SatisfaAion,  in  the  Anfwer  which  his  Excel- 
lency the  Duke  de  MirepoiXy  has  delivered  to  Sir  Jbemas 
Robinfon^  the  6th  Inftant,  that  the  Court  of  France  not 
only  perfift  in  their  Refulution  of  maintaining  Peace,  but 
that  their  Difpofitions  are  the  fame  as  thofe  of  England 
have  been,  and  ftill  are,  to  enter,  without  Delay,  upon 
the  Examination  and  amicable  Difcuflion  of  all  the 
Points  in  Difpute. 

In  the  whole  Courfe  of  this  Negociation,  the  Court  of 
Great-Britain  have  proceeded  with  so  much  Candor  * 
and  Confidence,  that  they  have,  without  Hefitation, 
thought  fit  to  fet  forth  their  Difpofitions  and  Prctcnfions 
in  a  plain  and  natural  Manner^  hoping,  by  the  Concur- 
rence Qf  the  Court  of  France  to  the  fame  Methods,  they 
might  with  the  greater  Eafe  and  Expedition  obtain  a 
Reconciliation  fo  much  defired  on  both  Sides. 

NUMB.    XII. 

Memorial  delivered  by  the  Duke  de  Mirepoix,  t»  tbi 

Minijhy  of  London,  May  14,  1755. 

THE  Differences  between  the  Courts  of  France  and 
England^  concerning  Americgt  have  four  Objects 
in  View :  1^,  The  Limit?  o^  Acadia  ;  2i/,  The  Limiti 
of  CMnada\  3</,  The  Courfe  and  Territory  of  Ohio  \  4//&, 
The  Iflands  of  St.  iMcia,  St.  Vincent,  Domnica,  and 


t'  In  order  to  difcufs  thefe  four  Points,  no  other  gene- 
ral Principles  of  a  Negociation  can  be  eftablifhed,  than 
thofe  of  Juftice,  the  Security  of  the  refpedlive  Colonies, 
and  mutual  Convenience.  To 

t  We  are  iliclifled  10  prize  this  Expreffion,  alter  hsTfaig  read  the 
Paper*  of  the  firft  Part  ot  thii  ColleAion.     .  .      «« ,^  / 


y 


*»"'  ^.v^>j.^*.':.  .*■-., ,, 


^m-'-^Ml:^-^-^ 


I      loll 


I  Court!  ought  to 
:y,  and  the  Hap- 


fry,  tttbeDuktdt 

755- 

vcs,  with  the  high- 
r  which  his  Exccl- 
cred  to  Sir  Thomas 
ourt  of  France  not 
itaining  Peace,  but 
IS  thofe  of  England 
thout  Delay,  upon 
cuirioM  of  all  the 

ition,  the  Court  of 
MUCH  Candor  * 
ithout  Hefitation, 
ns  and  Pretenfions 
;,  by  the  Concur- 
me  Methods,  they 
Kped  ition  obtain  a 
th  Sides. 

e  Mirepoix,  /« thi 

14.  ^755- 
lurts  of  fi'anee  and 
have  four  Objefbs 
;  2d,  The  Limits 
itory  of  Oi&i*  J  4//&, 
Ht,  Domnica,  and 

ts,  no  other  gene- 
e  eftablifhed,  thaii 
efpedlive  Colonies, 
To 
,  sfterhsTiag  read  the 

«*-v-     ■  f 


^    173    )   ■ 

To  thefe  Principles  ought  to  be  referred  all  particular 

Dii'cuflions  of  the  four  Points  in  Queftion,  which  we  ar« 

•bout  to  handle  in  a  fuccinAManncr,  one  after  another. 

A  R  T  I  c  L  t     I. 

Concerning  the  Limilj  »/  Acadia. 

IF  we  attend  to  what  is  right  and  juft,  we  ihall  find, 
that  y^cadia  comprehends  but  one  Part  of  the  Penin  - 
liila  on  which  it  is  fituate,  whichPart  extends  from  Cape- 
hounhuy  or  from  Cape-SabUy  as  hruCape  Can/eau,  This 
Point  has  been  clearly  fettled  by  the  Memorial  of  the 
Commiflaries  of  FrtfMf^,  dated  0/70^^  the  4th,  1751. 
Neither  the  Fadls  there  contained,  nor  their  Proofs,  are 
deftroyed  by  the  Anfwer  made  to  it,  by  the  Englijb  Com- 
miflaries }  fo  that  this  ought  to  be  admitted  as  a  Bafis  of 
the  Negociation,  that  Jcadia  comprehends  but  one  Part 
of  the  Peninfula. 

But  the  Court  o^France,  through  their  Dcfire  of  Peace, 
would  be  very  willing,  after  having  difcuflcd  and  efta- 
blifhed  their  Right,  not  to  be  rigorous  in  exading  it,  and 
will  be  ready  to  examine  what  may  concern  the  Security 
and  mutual  Convenience  of  both  Nations,  with  Refpea 
to  the  Matter  in  Hand.  They  are  even  refolved  to  cede 
chc  whole  Peninfula  to  the  Englijhy  but  under  certain 
Conditions  and  Reftriftions,  without  which  thnr  neither 
can,  nor  ought  to,  confent  to  fuch  a  Ceflion.  The  Con- 
ditions are  thefe  : 

ifty  That  Liberty  be  eranted,  during  three  Years,  to 
the  French  who  inhabit  the  Peninfula,  to  retire  with  their 
EfFefts,  and  that  they  be  fupplied  with  every  Thing  nc- 
ceffaryfor  fuch  a  Removal  j  which  the  £»f/^  will  un- 
doubtedly look  upon  as  extremely  advantageous  to  them. 

2</,  That  the  Ijibmtu  and  Beau-Baffin,  be  referved  to 
the  French,  as  they  cannot  abfolutely  abandon  thefe, 
without  giving  up  at  the  fame  Time,  for  a  confiderable 
Part  of  the  Year  at  leaft,  the  Communication  between 
^bH  %nA  JJU  RoyedU. 

.  3</,  That  a  certain  Extent^f  Country  on  the  Penin- 
fula, which  (hall  be  agreed  upon,  (hall  not  be  left  unin- 
habited along  the  Coaft  wtud>  reaches  to  the  Gulph  of 

^  ^  ■         St, 


t 


m 


1 1 


ii^ 


•WHMHMtcM 


■*'■'■■'■ 


»W)IWH"  >« 


»imi l.niMi  iijiw  , 1 11  iffWUIil  I i»inuj|<nrrii|;«j^;» 


r-i 


# 


khL 


(  174  ) 
5/.  Lawrence.  This  Propolal  us  not  Icfs  favourable  to  the 
Englijh  ot  Acadia^  than  to  the  French  who  inhabit  the 
^/</«</j  Royalle^  and  ^/.  ^^-^w*  f>nce  a  vaft  Thicknels  of 
Wood,  and  the  Paflagc  of  feveral  Defiles,  will  be  eqvially 
an  Obilable  to  any  Enterprizes,  which  either  of  vhe  two 
Nations  may  be  willing  to  form  againll  the  other. 
■fti;:,  4/if',  That  the  EngUjh  defid  from  demanding  Twenty 
Leagues  of  Country  along  Baie-franc«ife,  on  theCoalt 
of  Canada.  They  have  abfolutely  no  Manner  of  Right 
to  make  this  Demand,  neither  indeed  could  any  real  Ad- 
vantage accrue  to  them  from  the  Cefllon  of  this,  as  it  is 
of  no  Service  for  theirCommcrce,  and  wholly  unneceflary 
to  them  for  a  Communication  between  Acadia  and  New- 
England:  Whereas  this  Country  is  indifpenfably  neccf. 
lary  to  the  French^  for  their  Conmiunication  mt\\§lticbeci 
when  it  is  imprafticable  by  the  River  St.  Lawrence. 

The  Court  of  France^  to  make  their  Condeicenfion  to 
the  Engujh  ftill  more  manifeft,  and  to  teftify  their  Defirc 
of  maintaining  a  perfe<ft  Harmony  with  them,  will  even 
confent,  provided  they  fand  the  like  Difpofition  in  the 
Court  of  Lo»^<?«,  to  give  up  to  xhcEngliJh  all  the  Country 
which  lies  between  the  Rivers  Sagahfidoc  and  Pentagoet. 

It  is  evident,  from  the  very  Titles  of  the  Englijh,  and 
particularly  from  the  Charter  of  New-Englandy  dated 
O^okryy  i(5y5,  that  the  Limits  of  that  Province  extend 
no  farther  than  Sagakadcc.  The  Ceflion,  therefore,  of  a 
confidcrable  Territory,  which  lies  between  that  River 
and  Pentagoet y  will  more  than  fatisfy  all  the  realbnablc 
Views  that  the  Englifp  can  propoic  to  themfclves. 

From  the  whole  relults  this  Conclufion,  that  France 
offers,  for  the  Sake  of  maintaining  Peace,  to  facrifice  her 
Right,  her  adtuai  PolIclTion,  and  her  evident  and  great 
Intereft-,  but  will  extend  this  Sacrifice  no  farther  than 
the  Ceflion  of  the  Peninfula,  of  Acadia^  with  the  Con- 
,  ditions  andClaufes  above  mentioned,  and  of  that  Part 
of  the  Coaft  on  the  Continent,  which  extends  tiom 
Sagabadoc  to  Pentagott, 


.  <;x 


'     i)ll3t;'(^'-^r^iilS^**^^'^'-'-- -■■'■'-''■■'^^ 


'fmrmrmimmmi^iimm 


efs  favourable  to  the 
ch  who  inhabit  the 
\  vaft  Thickneis  of 
files,  will  be  equally 
ich  either  of  vhc  two 
,ainll  the  other, 
demanding  Twenty 
anctife,  on  the  Coalt 
no  Manner  of  Right 
'd  could  any  real  Ad- 
eflion  oi  this,  as  it  i$ 
,d  wholly  unneceflary 
'cen  Acadia  and  Nevj' 
>  indifpenfably  neccf- 
inication  mth^ickci 
iver  St.  Lawrence. 
heir  Condefcenfion  to 
to  teftify  their  Defirc 
with  them,  will  even 
ke  Difpofition  in  the 
Inglijh  all  the  Country 
ahfldvc  and  Pentagoet. 
les  of  the  Englijh,  and 
IsleW'Englandy  dated 
that  Province  extend 
leflion,  therefore,  ot  a 

between  that  River 
isfy  all  the  realbnable 

to  thcmfclves. 
nclufion,  that  France 

Peace,  to  facrifice  her 

icr  evident  and  great 
crifice  no  tarthcr  than 
dcadia^  with  the  Con- 
jcd,  andof  that  Part 

which  extends  trom 


.i.tJUWSpBW 


WSBWi^'tt*  W'WWWii 


A  R  T  I  C  L  E      II.  " 

Concerning  the  Limits  <?/  Canada.' 

THE  Court  ofFrancc\\;i.s  abfolutelyrcieded,  and  ever 
will  rejecl,  the  Propofal  made  hy  England,  that  the 
South-lhoreof  the  River  67.  La'.vrencc,  &  the  Lakes  Ontario 
and£r;>,  fliould  Icrve  as  Linjits  between  the  two  Nations. 

With  Refpcd  to  this  Article,  we  mud  crtablilh  it  as 
the  Bafis  of  the  Ncgociation,  that  the  River  iV.Lflwrwf^ 
is. the  Center  of  Canada.  This  Truth  is  juftified  by  all 
the  Records  that  lubfift  on  that  Subjedl,  by  all  the  Au- 
thors that  have  wrote  upon  it,  and  by  actual  Poffeflion. 

All  that  France  can  admit,  after  having  eftablifhed 
this  Principle,  which  cannor  with  any  Colour  of  Reafon, 
be  contradidled,  is,  to  examine,  with  Refpcdt  to  this 
Point,  if  the  mutual  Convenience  of  the  two  Nations, 
requires  any  particular  Meafure  to  be  taken,  in  order  tQ 
fettle  invariably  the  refpedivc  Limits. 

Thelole  Pretext  which  the  EngliJJj  makeUfeof  to  cloak 
their  Pretenfions,  is  taken  from  the  15th  Article  of  the 
Tre^y  oi Utrecht-.,  but  from  an  attentive  Examination  of 
all  the  ExprelTions  in  that  Article,  it  is  manileft  that  no- 
thing has  a  weaker  Foundation,  than  thofc  Inferences  have, 
which  the  Court  oi  London  would  in  Effeft  draw  from  it. 

\fty  That  Article*  mentions  only  the  P'^rfons  of  the 
Indians^  and  not  their  Country,  or  pretended  Territory ; 
as  ihey  have  no  determinate  one,  and  know  no  Property 
but  the  a(5tual  Ufe  they  make  of  Land,  which  they  oc- 
cupy To-day,  and  perhaps  ceafe  to  occupy  T6i-morrow. 

idy  It  would  be  abfurd  to  pretend,  that,  where-ever  an 
Indian  Alley,  or  Subjedl  of  oneof  the  two  Crowns,  fhould 
make  a  tranfientRefidence,  the  Land  which  he  had  occupi- 
cd,muftbelongtothatCrownwhofeSubje6lor  Alley  hewas.' 

3</,  The  Indians  in  Queftion,  are  free  and  independent, 
and  cannot  be  called  the  Subjeftsof  either  ot  the  two 
Cro\yfls  i  the  j^cclaration  of  the  Treaty  of  Utr^fht  in 
this  Refpeft  is  wrong,  and  cannot  change  the  Nifture  of 
Things.  Certain  it  is,  that  no  Englijhmau  durft,  without 
running  the  Rifle  of  being  maflacred,  tell  the  Iroquois 
(Ftv(  Nations)  that  they  are  the  Subjqjas  gi England.  The 

B  b  '  Indian^ 


^^MHIjllliniiiiiiniiWf  ipfiliiiii.i]  iiiiiiininii iiiMi]ii"«iii<iwi|iwi  ■  ii)iM|mu.if.pi .i'"W.'»i"i'»»i"MHi ,  ii.ilimHIWBPWpw^^ 


m 


(   176  ) 

/;7iM«Nations  have  nGuvfrnmcnt  of  thcirown,andare  as 
much,  and  more  the  Friends  and  Allies  of  France,  th.'.n  ot 
I'jvrlnrd.  Several  I'raub  Families  have  even  been  adopted 
^:^\\^o\^fg\.\\c  Iroquois,  and  lived  with  them  at  thelall  War,  du- 
l-ingwhichthcFr.rA'^rt//V«Jobrerv'dthcftritteftNcutrality. 
4//',  The  15th  Article  of  the  Treaty  oiltrecht,  con- 
tains the  fame  Stipulations  in  Favour  of  the  French,  as  ot 
the  Engfifh,  and  thcfc  Stipulations  are  reciprocal.    I1ic 
Frejicb  therefore  can  maintain,  by  a  better  Title  than  the 
Englifi  pretend  to  have  to  the  Iroquois,  that  the  Menaqitais 
and  Scuriqticis  Nations,  othcrwife  called  the  Micmas,  Ma- 
iecitcs,  C(innibas,Scc.  are  the  Subjefts  of  France:   And  as 
fomc  of  the  Souriquois  mhohk  the  Fxtremity  of  the  Pen- 
^     infulav  on  the  Coaft  of  Cape  Forchu,  and  CafeSabk;  it 
will  follow,  that  the  French  may  have  Pretcnfions  to  form 
y         Settlements. there,  with  as  much  Right  as  the  En^l/p  d\d 
*         at  Ofivego  or  Choiidgcn,  on  the  Banks  of  Lake-Ontario,  in 
TheYear  1726,  or  1727,  and  confequcntly  a  longTime 
after  the  Peace  of  Utrecht  -,  fince  which,  France  has  never 
.  ccafed  complaining  of  that  F.nterprize,  and  expeifti  that 
the  Fort  o\  Chcuagen  will  be  dcftroyed. 

5/7.','Tisa Mifinterpretation  of  theTreat.y  oWtrecht,  to 
pretend  that  it  authorizes  i\\zFrench  and  Etiglipto  trade  in- 
difcriminatcly  with  all  the  Indian  Nations,  wndcrPretencs 
of  Subjcftion,  Alliance,  or  Friendfhip  :  That  Article  well 
attended  to,  and  explained,  only  fecures  ihc  Liberty  cf 
•:     Commerce  which  the  IndiansmAy  havewith  them,  or  with 
the  European  Nations,  and  by  no  Means  allows  them  to 
leave  their  Colonies,  in  order  to  trade  with  the  Indians.^ 
6th,  In  fine,  this  XVth  Article  admits,  that  it  be  ref- 
pcdlivcly  determined,  \i\\zt  American  Nations  fhall  be 
deemed  Subjefts  or  Allies  of  the  two  Crowns.    This  Sti- 
pulation has  notbeenperformsd,becaufe  it  is  indeed  hard- 
ly poflibly  topcrformit,  asanM;'««Nationwho  are  your 
AUie*To-Day,  may,  To-Morrow,  be  your  Enemies -, 
conicquently  their  Adions  would  perpetually  contradid 
Iwh  a  Determination,  as  might  be  agreed  upon. 

All  that  has  been  fct  forth,  clearly  proves,  that  in  ex- 
amining the  XVth  Article  ot  the  Treaty  of  Utrecht,  ac- 

.    -.  ".  cording 


tflf0^. 


>—    -%-^  _^^^ 


^.A«»ig..j^Mfa"«>*i»»«>«»Kfla<jteaA^J 


I 


<t9'*'<'9*PiR|lf«W> 


i»tt«»«Mu»nw.|'M,.aiftW(*wi  m 


cirown,andarf 'as 
ot  France,  thun  ot 
:ven  bet-n  adopted 
tthelaftWar,  du- 
tritteftNcutrality. 
f  ot"  Itrerbt,  con- 
t"  the  French,  as  ot 

reciprocal.  The 
ter  Title  than  the 
hat  the  Menaquais 
\  the  Micmcis,  Ma- 
)i' France:  And  as 
emity  of  the  Pcn- 
and  Cape  Sabk ;  it 
'retcnfior.s  to  form 

as  the  Fjigllp  did 
,f  Lake-Ontario,  in 
icntly  a  long  Time 
,  France  has  never 
,  and  expefti  that 

rear.y  oWtrecht,  to 
I  £>/"•///&  to  trade  in- 
ms,  isndcrPretencs 
:  'rhat  Article  well 
jrcs  ihe  Liberty  ct 
:with  them,  or  with 
ins  allows  them  to 
:  with  the  Indians. 
nits,  that  it  be  ref- 

Nations  fhall  be 
Crowns.  This  Stt- 
ife  it  is  indeed  hard- 
fationwho  are  your 

be  your  Enemies  -, 
•petually  contradi(S 
igreed  upon, 
proves,  that  in  ex- 
:aty  of  Utrecht,  ac- 
cording 


-     ^77     )   ,    . 
cording  to  the  Rules  ot  Jullice  and  Rquity,  it  will  he.  (^^.{^ 

to  dcllroy  the  talfe  Interpretations  impoled  on  it.  It  will 

be  no  Icls  eafy  todemonltratc,  th^t  the  Engliflj  ought  not 

to  be  determined  by  any  Motive  of  Intcrcrt,  to  infill  upon 

the  Prctcnfions  they  have  harmed.     In  the  vail  Regions 

o^  America,  there  is  no  Occafion  to  difputc  about  a  little 

Ground,  if  one  Side  fliould  happen  to  have  more  or  lets 

than  the  other.  vSccurity  and  Commerce  arc  the  two  only 

Points  on  which   the  elTcntial  Intercft  terminates :  And 

the  Court  of /r/7;;i(?  will  always  be  dilpofed,  to  take,  in 

Concert  with  the  Court  o'i  London,  fome  Handing   and 

equitable  Mcafures  with  Refpc£l  to  thefc  Points,  as  well 

tor  the  prcfent,  as  tuturc  Times. 

Article    III. 

Concerning  the  Courfc  and  Territory  of  O  HI  O. 

IT  is  evident,  and  incontcftablc  from  the  Principles  of 
•  Jullice,  mutual  Convenience  and  Security,  as  well  as 
Ironi  Titles  and  Records,  that  the  O///0  ought  to  be  a  Part 
of  the  PofTcflions  of  France.  The  Englijh  have  not  any 
Settlements  on  th.it  River  -,  and  when  the  Britifi  Miniftry 
alTcrtcd,  that  the  Heads  ot  that  River  were  full  of  ancient 
bettlementsot  their  Nation,  they  too  readily  gave  Credit 
to  talfe  Relations.  The  Irench  have  ever  looked  upoa 
that  River  as  belonging  to  Canada  ;  and  it  is  cflentially 
neccliary  to  them,  for  theCommunication  of  Canada  with 
Louifiav.a.  They  have  frequented  it  at  all  Times,  and  with 
Forces :  It  was  alio  by  that  River,  that  the  Detachment 
of  Troops  palTed,  who  were  lent  to  Louiftana  about  the 
Year  1739,  on  Account  ef  the  War  with  the  Chicafnvjs, 
If  there  had  been  any  EngUjh  Settlements  on  the  River 
at  that  Time,  or  if  it  had  been  a  Part  of  the  Biitijh  Co- 
Ionics,  would  i\\<i  French  have  been  permitted  to  go.  down 
the  River's  whole  Length  ?  Or  would  not  the  Court  of 
•  London^  at  leaft,  made  Ibmc  Complaints  ?  But  then  there 
.  was  as  yet  noTalk  of  thenewPretenfions,whichhavefincc 
rifen,  without  Proof,  Title,  or  any  Sort  of  Foundation, 
It  is  true,  that  within  thefe  late  Years,  fome  FLngliJI) 
Traitors  palled  the  Mountains  ot  Virginia,  and  ventured 
to  carry  on  a  Fur  Trade  with  the  Indians  on  the  Ohio, 

B  b  2  Tl"? 


(.' 


_d?Srv 


iliaa»k«i6»**'' 


mimmf^immmmM«<f»" 


^: 


(  178  ) 
The  French  Governors  of  Canada  cootented  themfelves 
at  firft  with  acquainting  them,  that  they  were  within  tha 
Territory  of  France,  and  enjoined  them  not  to  return 
there,  under  Penalty  of  having  their  Effedh  feized,  and 
being  made  Prifoners.  The  Traitors^ however,  returned  j 
their  Goods  were  confifcated,  and  fold,  and  they  were 
perfonally  arreflcd,  taken  to  ^lekcy  and  from  thence  to 
France,  where  they  were  thrown  into  Prifon  at  RccheUe. 
No  Reclaim  or  Complaint  was  made  by  the  Court  of 
London ;  they  were  looked  upon  as  Contraband  Traders, 
whom  their  Avarice  had  cxpoled  to  the  Hazards  of  an 
illicit  Commerce. 

After  having  thus  firmly  cflabliflied  the  Right  and 
Pofleffion  of  the  French,  on  the  River  and  Territory  of 
Ohio,\t  ought  to  be  confidered  as  a  very  convincing  Proof 
of  their  Love  of  Peace,  that  they  are  moll  ready  and  wil- 
ling to  ftipulate,  that  all  the  Territory  between  the  Ohio 
and  the  Mountains,  which  bound  Vhjinia,   Iliall  remain 
neutral  -,  and  that  all  Commerce  in,  or  PafTage  thro'  the 
fame,  ihallbeprohibitedas  well  iox.htFrenchi^%thtEngUJh. 
Article    IV. 
Concerning  the  IJlands  in  Difpute. 

THE  Iflands  in  Queftion,  are  thofe  of  St.  Lucia,  Do- 
minica, St.  Vincent  and  'Tobago.  We  are  not  affraid 
to  afTert,  that  the  CommifTaries  of  France  have  demon- 
ilrated  to  the  laft  Degree  of  Evidence,  that  the  Ifland  of 
St.  Lucia  belongs  to  the  King  their  Maftcr;  and  that  thofe 
oi  St. Vincent  and  Dominica  ought  to  belong  to  the  Indians 
or  Caraibs,  under  the  Protedion  of  his  Majelty. 

Thefe  CommifTaries  have  made  no  Memorial  concern- 
ing the  Ifland  oi  Tobago  -,  but  it  is  no  lefs  eafy  to  demon- 
ilrate  the  Legality  of  the  FrenchCWim  to  this  Ifland.  The 
Couxtoi  France  therefore  at  the  fame  Time  that  they  offer 
to  facrificcin  Favour  of  £«g^/flW,  what  is  above-mentioned* 
5n  this  Memorial,  mufl:  infift  that  their  Right  of  Property  * 
In  thelflands  of  St.  Lucia  and  Tobago,  be  acknowledged  ; 
and  that  the  Iflands  oiSt.  Vincent  a/id  Dominica  be  left  to 
the  Indians  or  Caraibs,  under  the  Protedion  of  his  Moft 
Phriftian  Majcfty.      Signed,     Duke  d«  Mirepoix. 

NVMB, 


ME 

Mi 

ing 

i.Tli 

CanCi 

Iflan 

T 

Jujticc 
nience 
Peace, 
•wijhed 
be  equa 
fear  to 
The  Bi 
Refpe^i 
fttJing 


Peninf 
Sable,  i 
ted  in  I 
4th,  t; 
ter  Att 
deliver 

Frah 
by  alTer 

nor 

"  and  t 

"pf  th 

"Part 


•This 
immedial 
might  inc 
this  Trou 
carefiU  to 
of  their  F 


WWtggTTtni'i 


?ntcd  themfclves 
r  were  within  th« 
m  not  to  return 
ffedh  feized,  and 
wever,  returned  j 
,  and  they  were 
d  from  thence  to 
'rifon  at  RccheUe. 
vf  the  Court  of 
xaband  Traders, 
;  Hazards  ot  an 

the  Right  and 
and  Territory  of 
ronvincing  Proof 
II  ready  and  wil- 
aetween  the  Ohio 
'in,  fliall  remain 
l^affage  thro'  the 
ncbasthcEngliJb. 

'>ute. 

ot  St.  Luciay  Do- 
le are  not  affraid 
nee  have  demon- 
:hat  the  Ifland  of 
Ti  and  that  thofe 
ng  to  the  Indians 
iVlajeity. 
:morial  concern- 
5  eafy  to  demon- 
this  Ifland.  The 
le  that  they  offer 
bove-mentioned  * 
ight  of  Property  * 
acknowledged  ; 
minica  be  left  to 
lion  of  his  Moft 

I  MiREPOIX. 

NUMB. 


( 


) 


T79 

N  U  M  B.     XIII. 

MEMORIAL-  delivered  the  yth  <9/ June,  1 755,  by  the 

Minijlry  ^^ London,  in  Anfv:er  to  the preceeding.eoncertt' 

ing  the  four  Points  in  S^ueftion^  relating  to  America. 

1.  The  Limits  of^/f.7t//Vz,  or  Neva- Sectia.  2. The  Limitsof 

Canada.  5.  The  Coiirfc  of  the  Territory  of  0/&/^,  4.  The 

inands  of  St.  Lueia^  St.  Vincent,  Dcminica  and  Tcbago. 

TH  E  Court  of  Great-Britain  eflablifhes  as  thegeneraC 
Principles  of  the  Ncgociation,  thofe  of  Right  and 
Jujkce,  but  does  not  allow y  that,  properly  fpeaking.  Conve- 
nience is  me  \  -which  can  only  be  admitted  through  a  Defire  of 
Peace,  and  the  Maintenance  of  a  good  Underflanding  fo  much  Z 
wifhed  for  between  the  two  Courts:  IVho  ought,  con fequently  ta  ' 
be  equally  difpofcd,  to  relinqiiifh,  in  fame  Ccjes,  what  may  ap- 
pear to  be  an  abfolute  Right,  when  it<anhe  done  with  Security. 
'The  Britifh  Court  are  ready  to  teflify  their  Inclination  in  this  ^ 
RefpeEl,as  far  as  Prudence  and  Security  will  permit  them,  ex-  I 
pitting  to  find  the  fame  goodDifpofitions  on  the  Side  <7/"France.  * 
Article  the  firfi. 
Concerning  the  Limits  of  Acadia. 

WHatever  Reafon  France  may  have,  to  think  that 
Acadia  ought  to  be  bounded  by  that  Part  of  the  * 
Peninfula,  which  extends  {xomCapeFonrchu,  or  \xomCape 
Sable,  as  far  as  Cape-Canfcau,  founded  upon  what  isalTer-  - 
ted  in  the  Memorial  of  their  Commiflaries, dated  O£lober 
4th,  1755,  it  were  to  be  wilhcd  that  they  had  given  bet- 
ter Attention  to  the  Reply  *  made  to  that  Memorial,  and 
delivered  by  the  Englifj  CommifTaries  two  Years  fince. 

France\\zs,  neverthelefs,  anfvvcred  it  no  otherwifethan 
by  afferting,  «  that  this  Reply  dcftroys  neither  the  Fads 
"  nor  their  Proofs  contained  in  the  French  Memorial ; 
"  and  that  therefore  it  ought  to  be  eftablidied  as  a  Bafjs 
"pf  the  Negociation,  that  yfc«(/w  comprehends  butoiie 
"Part  of  the  Peninfula." 

Not- 

*  ThU  Reply  has  been  anfv/ered  fince  by  u  Iwcmorial  which  ought 
immediately  to  be  made  publick.  The  Proceedings  of  the  En^i/!> 
might  indeed  have  made  ibeCommiffariesof  his  Majcfty  difpenfe  with 
this  Trouble.  But  it  is  the  peculiar  Glory  of  the  French,  that  they  are 
carefiU  to  exhibit  to  the  View  of  the  whole  World,  both  the  Jufticc 
«f  their  Right^  and  the  Regularity  «f  their  Proceedings. 


w 


^.^jfffiMMnp 


(  iSo  ) 
Notwithftanding  this,  it  appears  to  the  Court  of  Gr^^/- 
BritAiti,  to  be  clearly  and  fubftantially  proved  m  this  Re- 
ply,that  the  ancient  Limits  of  Jcfidia,  or  Nova-Scoiw,  ( tor 
ft  is  concerning  its  an'.ient  Limits  we  are  now  difnunng) 
extend  on  the  Weft,  towards  Neiv-England,  by  the  River 
JPembfcot,  otherwifo  called  Pentcgoct ;  that  is  to  iay,  bc- 

■  cinninE  at  its  Mouth  •,  and  from  thence,  drawing  a  right 
Line  on  the  North  Side,  as  tar  as  the  River  S\..Lai;jrence, 
or  the  great  Rif  cr  o'i Canada  ;  that  its  northern  Limits  ex  ■ 
tend  by  the  faid  River  Si.  Lctvrence,  along  its  foutherii 
Shore  as  far  as  Cape^Rofiers,  fituate  at  its  t-ntrance;  that 
itsEaftern  Limits  extend  thro' the  Gulph  oiSt.Lait:rence, 
from  the  faid  Cape-Rofters,  on  the  South-Eall  Sidc,by  the 
inands  of £^f<:«/<J<JJ,  ox  Cafe-Breton,  leaving  thefclflands 
to  the  Right,  and  the  Qulph  of  St.  Lawrence,  and  Nc^v- 
jemdlandy  with  the  IHands  thereunto  belonging,  to  the 
Left,  as  far  as  the  Cape,  or  Promontory,  called,  Cape- 
Breton-,  and  that  its  Southern  Limits  extend  thro  the 
great  Atlantic  Ocean,  drawing  a  Line  on  the  South- Welt 

.  Side,  from  the  faid  Cape-Breton,  thro'  Cape-Sable,  com- 
prehending the  Ifland  of  the  fame  Name,  in  the  Entrance 
of  the  Bay  oiFundv,  which  rifes  on  theEail  Side,  within 
the  Country,  as  tar  as  the  Mouth  of  the  faid  River  Pe^ 

nobfcoty  or  Pentagoet.  ,  ^  ^    r^       l  '  t  •    • 

A  Difference  fo  eflcntial,  with  Refpett  to  the  Limits 
claim'd  by  both  Nations  as  their  Right,  has  already  dil- 

.  pofed  the  Court  oi  Qreat-Britain,  for  the  Sake  of  Peace, 
not  to  be  rigorou«,  in  demanding  what  belongs  to  them  •. 

-  but  to  propofe,  that  two  Lines  being  drawn,  one  from 
U»e  Mouth  of  the  River  Penohfcot,or  Pentagoet,  as  far  as 
its  Source,  and  from  thence  continued  in  a  ftrait  Couric 
to  the  North,  as  far  as  the  River  StXa-xrence  -,  the  other 
from  a  certain  Point  on  the  faid  River  Pentagoet,  20 
Leagues  diftant  from  its  Mouth,  acrofs  the  Contmefit, 
to  a  Point  20  Leagues  diftant  from  CapeTourmenttn,  on 
the  Gulph  of  St. Lawrence,  the  whole  Pcninfula,  Ifthmus, 
Bay  of  Fundy,  and  in  general  all  the  Countries,  Rivers, 
and  Shores,ntuate  to  the  Soutli-Eaft  of  the  laft  Line  above 
mentioned,  ftiall  belong  io  full  SQvereignty,to  the  Crown 


\..'- 


\cCo\nt  of  Guat- 
iroved  in  this  Rc- 
Nova-Scotia^  (tor 
re  now  difputing) 
and,  by  the  River 
that  is  to  fay,  bc- 
,  drawing  a  right 
\vtxSx..Lav:rencey 
irthern  Limits  ex- 
ilong  its  foutiiern 
ts  Entrance-,  that 
ph  of  St.  Laivrenccy 
i-Eall  Sidc,by  the 
iving  thefc  Iflands 
wrence^  and  Nctv- 
jelonging,  to  the 
:ory,  called,  Cnpe- 
extend  thro'  the. 
3n  the  South-Welt 
•  Cape-SabUy  com- 
ic, in  the  Entrance 
:  Eail  Side,  within 
:he  faid  River  Pe-> 

peft  to  the  Limits 
It,  has  already  dif- 
the  Sake  of  Peace, 
t  belongs  to  them  •, 

drawn,  one  from 
Pentagoet,  as  far  as 
d  in  a  ftrait  Courfc 
fjirence  -,  the  other 
Liver  Pentagoet,  20 
Tofs  the  Continefit, 
lape  Tourmentifty  en 
Pcninfula,  Ifthmus, 

Countries,  Rivers, 

fthelaft  Line  above 

ignty,to  the  Crown 

of 


-  I  .■■ii.illuu.Tirnirr»r........j— .  .„       fttlf  IT  , 


(  181  ) 

cf  Creat-Britnin  -,  and  that,  with  Refpedl  to  the  Count^ 
fituate  to  the  North-Weft,  between  the  two  Lines  above 
mentioned,  as  far  as  the  River  St.l.aitroHe^  it  fliall  not 
be  inhabited  or  poffcircd  by  the  Subjcds  of  either  of  the 
two  Crowns. 

The  Britijh  Court  imaginc,that  this  Propofal  will  per- 
fciilly  anfwer  all  the  Ends  of  Security  and  mutual  Con- 
venience -,  but  on  the  other  Hand,  they  oblerve  with  Con- 
cern, that  the  Conditions  and  Reftrictions  under  which 
France  pretends  to  give  up  the Poilcflion  of  the  Peninfula 
to  Great-Britain,  arc  fub)c(5t  to  luch  infurmountable  Dif- 
ficulties and  Ohjcftions,'  as  muft  render  Pofleflion  of  the 
Peninfula  entirely  ufelefs. 

\Jt,  As  to  the  Propofal  of  allowing  the  Space  of  three 
Years  to  all  the  French  who  inhabit  the  Peninfula  to  re- 
tire with  their  Effects,  that  would  deprive  Great-Britain 
o\  a  very  confiderablc  Number  ot  ulcful  Subjedts,  if  the 
fame  Privilege  fhould  be  extended  to  the  French  who 
were  fettled  there  at  the  Treaty  of  Utrecht^  and  to  their 
Defccndants. 

By  the  Fourteenth  Article  of  that  Treaty,  the  Inha- 
bitants had  in  Fadt,  the  Liberty  of  removing  thcmfelves 
elfewhere,  with  all  their  moveable  EfFeds,  within  the 
Space  of  one  Year  -,  but  that  Time  being  elapfed  Forty 
Years  fince,  there  is  not  the  Icafl  Realbn  why  the  fame 
Right  fhould  ftill  fubfift  ;  and  it  is  not  to  be  fuppofcd*, 
but  that  thofe  who  voluntarily  continued  under  the  Do- 
minion of  Great-Britain^  as  alfo  their  Defccndants,  born 
in  that  Country,  would,  with  the  greatcft  Regret  relin- 
guifli  their  Settlements,  even  if  it  were  polTiWe  that  the 
King  of  Great-Britain  c«uld  confent  to  a  Propofal  lb 
difadvantagpous. 

2</,  Whatever  Defire  France  may  have  to  poflefs  the 
Ijlbmus  and  Beau-Baffin^  as  the  only  Communicatioa 
during  a  confidcrable  Part  of  the  Year  between  ^ekc 

and 

*  Thtfe  Inhabitants  would  aot  remove  at  that  Tiffl«,b«caur«  tliejr 
thought  that  the  Country  in  which  they  dwelt  tyai  not  cemprehended 
in  the  Ceflion ;  and  the  Engt'/h  themfalves  muft  have  been  of  the  fame 
Opinion,  as  they  did  not  oblige  tbcni  to  ackaowkdge  tks  Kipg  of 
I/»x/«W  for  their  Swcrriga. 


•  , 


-,.»..»4.   ,  .     _, 


■*. 


I* 


fe: 


r 


i' 


(  lfi2  ) 
«nd  IJle  Royal,  Great-Britain  can  by  no  Means  confent 
to  it,  without  giving  up  their  mod  clTential  Security  for 
the  Reft  ot  x.\\zFemnj:ila.  They  may  fulWaswcil  abandon 
it  entirely,  as  leave  thcKey  to  it  in  the  Hands  of  another. 
3<i,  The  fame  Difficulty  prcfents  itielf  with  Refpeft 
to  the  Propofal  of  leaving  a  certain  Extent  of  Country 
uninhabited  on  the  Pcfiinfula,  along  the  Coaft  which 
reaches  to  the  Gulph  of  6V.  Lawrence.  It  appears  to 
Great-  Britain,  that  a  vaft  Tiiicknels  of  Wood,  and  the 
PalTige  of  fevcral  Defiles,  would  rather  be  a  Cover, 
than  an  Obftacle,  to  any  Dcfigns  which  either  of  the 
^fivo-Nntiom  (night  form  againft  the  other. 

^.th.  In  ConlcQUcnce  of  thefe  and  the  like  Refledlions, 
Great-Britain  is  obliged  for  its  Security  ftill  to  infill  up- 
on having  a  certain  Border  of  Country,  which  may  be 
agreed  upon,  along  the  North  Side  of  the  Bay  of  Fund)\ 
as  far  as  the  Gulph  oi  St.  Lawrence,  without  which  the 
PofTcffion  of  the  Peninfula,  and  Bay  of  Fundy,  will  be  al- 
together Precarious. 

So  that  on  which  Side  foever  the  Conditions  and  Rc- 
'  ftridiona  propofcd  by  France,  are  confidered,  Great-Bri- 
tain cannot  but  look  upon  them  as  fo  many  Seeds  of  new 
Diflentions.     To  leave  the  Bay  of  Fundy  in  common, 
would  be  the  readieft  Method  of  interrupting  the  good 
Harmony  fo  much  defired  on  both  Sides.     Nay,  by  the 
Confeflion  of  France  itfelf,  in  the  Memorial  of  M.  Torci 
ot  the  loth  of  June,  1712,  Experience  has  heretofore  kf- 
ficiently  demonftrated,  that  it  is  impojfible  to  prejerve  fuch  an 
Union,  in  Places  pop/ed  in  common  by  the  French  and  En- 
glifh  V  which  Obfervation  is  equally  true  with  Refpedt 
to  a  Bay  fo  narrow,  as  this  in  Queftion.    France  has  hi- 
therto been  content  witlj  IJle  Royal  to  fecure  their  En- 
trance into  the  River  St.  Lawrence  j  and  it  was  for  the 
like  Reafons,  that  the  EngliJJi,  to  whom  the  Poffeinonof 
4cadia  ^d  Newfoundland,  was  fixed  by  the  Treaty  of 
Utrecht,  abandoned  their  Pretenfions  to  poffefs  over  and 
above  thefe,  the  Ifland  of  Cape-Breton,  in  common  with 
the  French. 


-.*»■      /^If^P^  Jf    '3^ 


^/^     .u...-..,---™-'i*^ 


to 


^*.>  .      j*,>^ 


y^^j^^^i .  ■r-r^fC':' 


10  Means  confent 
fcntial  Security  for 
lilaswcll  abandon 
Hands  of  another. 
tielf  with  Refpeft 
xtent  of  Country 

the  Coaft  which 
e.  It  appears  to 
>f  Wood,  and  the 
her  be  a  Cover, 
aich  either  of  the 
)ther. 

ic  like  Reflexions, 
:y  ilill  to  infill  up- 
ry,  which  may  be 

the  Bay  of  i-ww^', 
vithout  which  the 
f  Fundji  will  be  al- 

onditions  and  Rc- 
fidered,  Great-BH- 
nany  Seeds  of  new 
'undy  in  common, 
n*rupting  the  good 
des.  Nay,  by  the 
morial  of  M.  Torci 
?  has  heretofore  fuf- 
•  to  prejerve  fuch  an 
the  French  and  En- 
true  with  RcfpecEt 
1.  France  has  hi- 
3  fecure  their  En- 

and  it  was  for  the 
im  the  Poffeinonof 

by  the  Treaty  of 
to  poffefs  over  and 
»,  in  common  with 


to 


I 


C     »»3   .) 

A  R  T  1  C  L  B      It. 

^        Concerning  the  Limits  of  Canada. 
T  will  be  difficult  to  form  an  cxadl  Idea  of  what 


_  cal  ed  m  the  Memorial,  the  Center  of  C^jnada,  and 
much  lefs  can  it  be  admitted  as  the  Bafis  of  the  Negoci- 
ation,  that  the  River  St.  Lawrence  is  the  Center  of  that 
Provmce,  which  is  aflcrted  without  Proof.  It  is  impoffi* 
ble,  that  the  Cuurfeofi  River,  of  fuch  an  Excent;  can 
form  the  Center  of  any  Country,  otherwife  Great- Rritaitt 
Would  not  confent,  that  the  Territory  between  the  North 
Side  of  the  Bay  of  Fundy,  and  the  Southern  Shore  of  the 
R!vcr  5/.  Lawrence  (which  Great-Britain  has  alreudy 
offered  to  leave  neutral  and  uninhabitable  by  either  of 
the  Two-Nations,  excepting  the  Border  propofcd  to  b« 
taken  off)  ought  to  be,  what  it  never  has  been,  confider- 
ed  as  a  Part  of  Canada  )  as  the  contrary  has  been  demon- 
ftratcd  by  authentic  Proofs. 

Neither  can  GrM/-fir;/flm  ndfflit,  thit  France  has  in¥ 
Right  to  the  Lakes  Ontario  and  £r/V,  and  to  the  Rivef 
Niagara,  or  to  theexclufive  Navigation  of  thefe  Waters. 
bincc  It  IS  tfvidcnt  from  incontctlable  Fafts,  that  the 
bubjcdts  of  Great^Britain  and  France^  as  well  as  the  five 
Jroquots  Nations,  indifcriminately,  make  Ufc  of  the  Na- 
vigation of  thcle  Lakes  and  that  River,  whenever  Op. 
portunity  or  Convenience  require.  But  with  Refpedfc 
to  »  Portion  of  Country,  fituate  on  the  North  Side  of 
the  River  St.  Lawrence,  exclufive  of  that  which  has  beea 
propofcd  to  be  left  neutral,  the  Boundaries  of  which 
are  in  Difpute  between  the  Two-Nations,  or  their  Refpcc- 
tive  Colonies,  the  Court  of  Great-Britain  is  ready  to 
enter  upon  a  %  Difcujfton  of  this  Particular,  and  to  de- 
termine  the  Limits  by  an  amicable  Negodation ;  but  ftiU 
without  injuring  the  Rights  and  PoflciTiont  of  any  of 
toe  Ftve-Natiens*  ' 

C  d  j^l 

A^-JlfiV  P*^"?  °"^*  «f  Difcoffioas  and  fatare  ^egociations  I 
S««ui,i*  •*•'!!*  ^^^^  "*!*  ""^'"8  ^"*  "**  Sword  »to  th«  Frtnck 

fhl  jpi    I'p^/J**^  '*•*'.?*"  •""««*  *"»«  »"  thedefired  Succefs, 


I  i 


W!  1i 


\  >■« 


V* 


(.   i84    ) 

As  to  the  Expofltioii  givtn  in  the  French  Memorial 
of  the  XVth  Article  of  the  Treaty  of  Utrecht,  the  Court 
of  Cnat-BritMn  cannot  conceive  that  ft  is  authorized 
either  by  the  ExprcfTions,  or  Intention  of  that  Article. 

i_y?,  The  Court  of  Great-Britain  cannot  admit  that 
this  Article  rcfpcfta  only  the  Pcrfons  of  the  Indians,  and 
not  their  Country.  The  Words  of  the  Treaty  are  clrar 
and  prccife,  viz.  Thit  the  Five-P^ations  or  Cantons  of 
Indians  are  Subjedt  to  the  Dominion  of  Great-Britain  j 
Which,  according  to  the  teceived  Explanation  of  all 
Treaties,  ought  to  rcfpcft  the  Country,  as  well  as  the 
I'erlbns  of  the  Indians.  This  France  has  acknowledged 
in  the  mod  lolemn  Manner.  They  confidcred  well  the 
Importance  of  this  Acknowledgment,  at  the  Time  of 
iigning  the  Treaty  j  and  Great-Britain  will  never  go 
back  from  it.  The  Country  pofleffed  by  thefe  Indians 
is  very  well  known,  and  is  not  fo  indeterminate,  as  is 
pretended  in  the  Memorial.  They  poffefs  and  transfer 
Property  as  other  Proprietors  generally  do  every  whcrtf 

2di  Great-Britain  never  pretended  thsft  the  Land 
where  an  Indian  made  but  a  tranficnt  Refidence,  (hould 
belong  to  the  Grown  of  which  he  was  a  Subjedt  or  Alley. 

3^,  However  free  and  independent  the  Indians  in 
Queftion  may  be  (which  is  a  Point  the  Court  of 
Great- Britain  mW  not  undertake  to  difcufs*;  ttey  ought 
to  be  looked  upon  as  the  Subjefts  of  Great  Britain,  and 
treated  as  fuch  by  the  French  in  particular,  as  they  are 
lolemnly  bound  by  the  Treaty  of  Utrecht,  renewed  and 
confirmed  in  a  better  Manner  by  that  of  Jix-la-ChapelUt 
to  look  upon  them  as  fuch.  The  Nature  of  Things  is 
not  changed  i>yi  t  the  Treaty  oWtrecht.  The  lame  Peo- 
ple, the  lame  Country  always  exifts  :  But  the  Acknow- 
ledgment made  by  franceoiiht  Subjeftion  of  the  Ito^oiS 
to  the  Brittjh  Nation,  is  a  perpetual  Proof  of  tHeirRi^ht 
in  this  Particular,  which  can  never  be  difputed  witfi 

them  by  France.  4'^» 

•  Attd  with  good  Roafoti,  notwithllatidtng  tho  Point  ii  decifir^. 
For,  if  the  I/idians  are  independent,  they  arc  not  then  the  ^bjeAi  of 
Mjulaad.  ;^Thex  t^ouUuadofibttdl/ havt  U&i/nct. 


■^   —i.;..  ..««-- 


>      I 


i..M-.am-,.-':-m6tilWaK-''-rrm^-a 


French  Memorial 
Jtrecht^  the  Court 
h  is  authorized 
I  of  that   'Xrticle. 
nnot  admit  that 
)f  the  Indians^  and 
:  Treaty  arc  clrar 
HS  or  Cantons  of 
of  Great-Britain  v 
cplanation  of  all 
^,  as  well  as  the 
las  acknowledged 
jnfidcred  well  the 
t,  at  the  Time  of 
in  will  never  go 
\  by  thefe  Indians 
determinate,  as  is 
loflefs  and  transfer 
lly  do  every  where 

d  thift  the  Land 
Refidence,  (hould 
I  Subjeft  or  Alley. 
;nt  the  Indians  in 
)int  the  Court  of 
cufs  *)  tt  ey  ought 
threat  Britain^  and 
icular,  as  they  are 
echt^  renewed  and 
of  Jix-la-ChapelUt 
ture  of  Things  is 
f.     The  fame  Pco- 
But  the  Acknow- 
6tion  of  the  Iro^oiS 
*roof  of  their  Right 
be  difputed  with 
Ath, 
;  the  Point  ii  decifire. 
not  then  the  ^bj«Ai  of 


•mmmm 


4tby  It  is  true  the  15th  Artii  le  of  thcTr'^nty  of^mlf, 
contains  the  fame  Stipulations  in  I'avoiir  of  the  haui 
as  of  the  Engli/h,  with  Refpcdt  to  fuch  huiian  Nati^in^ 
as  fliould  be  deemed  by  the  Commifrarics,  alter  the 
Conclufionof  the  Treaty,  fubjfdl:  to  CnvH-BrifJn  m 
Fiance;  But  as  to  the  Iroquois  Cantons  above  mentioned, 
France  ha»  diftinftly  and  rpeclftfaliy  declared  in  the  laid 
15th  Article,  that  they  are  ilibjcft  to  Credit- Britain^ 
Magn^  Britannia  Imperio  fubjciLn^  and  conrt:qiiftitly  this 
is  a  Point  which  can  admiuof  no  farther  Difinitc. 

5th,  In  whatever  Manner  the  Treaty  of  Vtncbt  is  in. 
terpretcd,  with  Rcfpe^  to  the  7>ade  which  the  Englifb 
and  French  (hall  be  allowed  to  carry  on  with  the  Indian 
NationMndilcriminatcly,  it  is  ncverthelcfs  very  certain, 
that  fuch  a  general  Commerce  is  by  no  Means  authorized 
by  this  Treaty.  To  trade  with  one's  own  Subjefts  *, 
Allies  or  Friende,  is  a  corfjmon  and  natural  Right  •,  but, 
to  enter  by  Force  upon  Lands  belonging  to  the  Subjefts 
or  Allies  of  another  Crown,  toeredt  Forts  there,  and  de-. 
prive  them  of  their  Territories,  and  ufurp  them  for  them- 
lelves,  this  neither  i«,  nor  can  be  authorized  by  any  Pre- 
tenfion,  not  even  that  moft  uncertain  one  of  all,  wz.  Con- 
venience :  Yet  notM ithttanding  this,  fuch  are  th?  Forts 
Frederick^  Niagara,  that  of  the  Peninfula,  of  the  River 
Mx-baufs,  and  all  thofe  which  hftvc  bcvn  byilt  qo  the  0- 
hio  and  Territories  ^adjacent. 

Whatever  Pretence  frante  may  urge,  for  confiderlng 
thefe  Countries  as  dependent  on  Canada^  it  is  certainly 
true  that  they  belonged,  and  (inafmuch  as  they  have  not 
been  cededor  transferred  to  the Eng/ijh)  ftill  do  belong  tQ 
thofe /«</w«  Nations,  w horn /■'r^wfff  has  agreed,  by  the  15th 
Article  of  the  Treaty  of  Utrecbt,  not  to  moleit,  I\fu//o  in 
pojierum  Impedimento  ant  Melejia  afficiant  X-  6//;, 

"They  arc  always  begging  thcQuEftion,  by  fuppofing  continually, 
that  the  Irojuois  are  the  Subjcfls  cf  England.  They  are,  in  Fact,  at' 
thi»  very  1  ime  their  Enemies ;  and,  in  Juflicethey  have  always  been 
free.  See  the  Harangue*  of  Mr.  John/on,  and  Mr.  Wajhintun,  above. 
%  What  do  the  Enilijb  £ght  for  the  hoqutit,  whofe  Heai^t  they 
have  fet  \  Price  upon,  and  whom  at  this  Day  they  look  upon  «$  ihvir 
Enemi«a  I  If  thefe  Lands  always  belonged  to  the  Indians,  why  is  all 
f.^'f-^KOW  tr9uble4  to  do  th^ls  IndinHt  a  ^eivicc,  ^vhick  tiiey  do  not 

C  c  «  i«quiir£ 


ofarilfiiUIKMIiiliiWMttrttkbte. « 


ItfJ.,   -.-!.■.  ,.,J»*,,„ 


■■il> I  n  >im  iiii>ww>yir' 


(     186    ) 

C//>,  It  has  been  »lre»dy  proved,  thtt  Frana  ha«,  bf 
the  cxprcls  Woids  of  the  laidTreaiy,  fully  and  ablblute- 
Jy  acknowledged  the  Iruauois  10  be  the  SubjcdlscfGrM/- 
BritaiH,  It  vould  not  have  been  fo  difficult  ai  it  prc- 
ttriided  in  the  MennoriaK  to  agree  upon  the  Subjedlion 
ot  the  other  Imlians^  it  among  ib  nriany  Commiffions  at 
have  been  iHlicd  to  regvilatc  this  Point,  there  had  been  a 
trutual  Difpbfirion  to  come  to  a  Conclufion.  The  A(fti 
cl  thf  fc  Commiflions  have  fufficiently  difcovered  the  true 
Realons  which  have  obftru(^ed  the  Execution  of  the 
I5tl>  Article  of  the  Treaty  of  Utrecht,  without  having 
Kecuurfe  to  fuch  an  imaginary  Suppofition,  as,  that  the 
Tieaty  was  not  capable  of  being  executed  i  a  Suppofi- 
tion,  which  is  manifeftly  deftroycd  by  the  Tfcaty  it« 
ielf  with  Helped  to  the  Iroquois  Nations. 
Article  III. 
Concerning  the  Courfe  and  territory  of  Ohio, 
^l^TOtwithflanding  all  that  is  advanced  upon  this  Ar- 
1  \(  tide,  the  Court  of  Great  Britain  cannot  admit  that 
Trance  has  the  leaft  Title  to  the  River  Obioy  and  the  Te- 
ritory  in  QiicOioni  even  that  of  Poflefllon  neither  can 
ix.r  ought  to  b'  alltdgcd  cn  this  Point,  fincc  Fraw^^  can- 
rot  pretend  to  have  had  any  before  the  Treaty  of  ^ix-la- 
Cl-rpelU^  nor  fince,  unlefs  it  be  that  fomc  Forts  unjuftly 
ended  in  the  lad  Place,  upon  Lands  which  evidently 
belong  to  the  live- Nations* ,  or  which  they  havetranA- 
Jrrred  to  the  Crown  of  Great- Britain,  or  its  Subjefls, 
ivhich  may  be  proved  from  ^reaties%y  and  the  moft  <w»- 
ihctitk  Afis. 

1  he  Title  which  France  feems  moft  to  infift  upon,  is 
the  Ufe  made  of  this  for  Communication  between  Canada 
»nd  Lcuifiana  •,  but,  in  Fadf,  they  have  never  made  any 
Uic  of  it,  unlefs  it  was  occafionally  or  fecretly,  and,  m 

perhaps 

Trqoire,  niy,  with  which  they  arc  offended  f  Or  may  wc  not  afle 
$:llanti,  why  do  not  you  abandun  the  Irequtit,  who  have  already 
i»l>nndnned  yon  ?  Mull  the  Blood  of  M.  BradJack  be  fpilt  in  the  Ser- 
vite  of  Tuch  Fricndt )  Certain  it  is  that  the  htdiamt  themielvai  do  aet 
li't.k  upon  the  friendly  Zeal  of  the  Englijh  at  diftintercfted. 

*The  tnghjh  all  along  plcitd  nothing  but  the  Intercft  and  Richt  of  the 
^ive-i(M/iei»,     ^  Eh^ImA,  pctbap*,  will  f  »b)i|t|  t|if  If  Jrf§(>«f  a|||^? 


'^.. 


^^MMMMiiliwevA". 


nm)  Htifn  .'ifimmf 


at  Franet  hai,  hf 
ully  and  abl'ulute- 
SubjrdtsorGrM/- 
difficult  ai  it  pre- 
)n  the  Subjeftion 
f  Com  minions  at 
,  there  had  been  a 
jfion.  The  Atfti 
ifcovered  the  true 
Bxecution  of  the 
',  without  having 
ition,  as,  that  the 
jted;  a  Suppofi- 
>y  the  Treaty  it* 

19. 

)ry  of  Ohio, 
:ed  upon  thia  Ar- 
cannot  admit  that 
3i»w,  and  the  Te- 
efllon  neither  can 
,  fince  Frfl«f^  can- 
Treaty  oiAix-la' 
me  Forts  unjuftly 
which  evidently 
\i  they  have  tranf- 
»  or  its  Subjefls, 
and  the  moft  au-^ 

to  infift  upon,  is 
•n  between  Canada 
e  never  made  any 
fecretly,  and,  at 
perhaps 
Or  maj  wc  not  aflc 
is,  who  have  already 
(k  be  fpilt  in  the  Ser- 
ans  themfeWei  do  boI 
^intercfted. 
tereft  and  Richt  of  the 


(     »87    ) 
^rhapi  might  have  happened  in  fo  vaft  a  Region,  in  fuck 
a  Manner  as  not  to  be  taken  Notice  of,  which,  however, 
cannot  give  them  th(  lead  Shadow  of  Righc. 

The  Rivers  Miams  and  Ouahache  only  have  bef  n  ufed 
for  fome  Years,  as  a  Communication  between  Canada 
and  Lfiuifiana^  not  that  Great-Britain  can  admit  that 
Franci  has  any  Right  to  thole  Rivers,  much  left  (till  to 
a  Paflfage  fo  near  as  they  are  to  the  River  Ohio.  Ai  to 
theUfe  they  made  of  this  lad  River,  on  Account  ot  th« 
War  with  thtCbickafaws,  the  Allies  and  Friends  of  Great- 
hrttain,  when  Great-Britain  did  not  even  malce  a  formal 
Complaint  of  it }  it  will  not  follow,  that  a  Violence  com- 
mitted at  a  certain  nice  and  critical  Conjuncture,  /houl4 
ferve  as  a  foundation  for  new  Incroachments.  This  it 
much  the  fame  with  the  rafh  and  inconfiderate  Meafurei 
taken  by  a  Governor  of  a  remote  Colony,  who  prohibit 
ted  the  EngUJh  from«pafnng  the  Mountains  of  hrginia^ 
under  the  Penalty  of  having  their  Goods  feized,  and  be- 
ing  made  Prifoners.  The  Manner  in  which  the  Court 
of  Great-Britain  complains  of  fuch  like  Proceedings  has 
been  fufHciently  manifefled,  in  the  Memorial  *  delivered 
by  the  late  Earl  of  Albemarle^  the  7th  of  Martha  1 751, 
to  the  Court  of  France  itfelf.  What  the  Court  of  Great- 
Britain^  alTerts,  and  inflits  upon,  is,  that  the  Five  Iroquois 
Nations,  acknowledged  by  France  to  be  the  Subjedls  of 
Britain^  are  either  originally  j;,  or  by  Right  of  Conqueil, , 
the  lawful  Proprietors  of  the  Territory  of  ObiOt  in  Quef-  . 
tion.  And  as  to  that  Part  of  the  Territory,  which  thofii 
People  have  ceded  and  transferred  to  the  Britijh  Nation 
(which  muft  be  acknowledged  to  be  the  molt  lawful  and 
equitable  Manner  of  acquiring  it)  they  claim  it  as  their 
Property;  which  they  have  not  ceafed  to  cultivite  twen- 
ty Years  and  more,  and  upon  feveral  Parts  of  which  they 
have  formed  Settlements,  from  the  very  Sources  of  Obio^ 
as  far  as  Pikbac-Filliatis,  which  is  the  Center  ot  the 
Territory  fituate  between  Obio  and  Ouabacbe.  Bue 

*  This  Memorial  never  was  delivered  to  the  Court  of  FriHce. 
X  Why  do  the  Engli^  fpecify  nothing  more  cxadlly  i  The  Lefu»i\ 
if  their  Original  ii  confider'd,  will  i'W  long  give  th«  !»£/'>  an  lUlit 


IHMW'l^ll'.l 


iwiiimi 


iUPWIfiim  .  iiiw>»|iH')'HipWl|i'WVW<PWWWW 


BM 


ff«4 


(  188  ) 

But  noCwithftanding  thcie  Fa  As  are  fo  clear  and  evK 
dent,  the  Court  of  Creat'Britain^  for  the  Sake  of  Peace, 
and  the  Prefervation  of  a  good  Underftanding  between 
the  two  Courts,  have  propolcd,  in  order  to  prevent  all 
future  Difputes,  to  leave  that  Traft  of  Land  in  thole 
Farts,  neutral  and  uncultivated,  which  has  already  been 
declarcti  to  the  Court  of  France^  and  Great-Britain'  is 
ready  to  adjuft  and  limit  the  precife  Extent  of  it,  by  an 
amicable  Negcciation. 

A  R  T  I  CLE       IV. 

Concerning  the  IJlands  in  Difpute. 

T Hough  the  Court  of  Great-Britain  cannot  by  any 
Means  be  fatisfied  with  the  Arguments  aiiedged 
in  the  laft  Memorial  of  theCommifTaries  oiFrance^  with 
Rcfpeft  tb  the  .Right  of  his  Mcfi  Chrijiian  Majefty  to  the 
Ifland  of  St.  Lucia  ;  yet  neverthelefs  they  are  of  Opinion, 
that  it  will  not  be  neceflary  to  entir  immediately,  upon 
fuch  a  particular  Detail  as  thar  Matter  requires,  which 
indeed  could  not  be  rompri/ed  vathin  the  Bounds  of  an 
Anfwer  to  the  laft  Memorial  of  the  Court  of  France. 

They  were  engaged  in  drawing  up  an  ample  Reply  on 
this  Head,  as  well  as  on  the  Difpute  concerning  the 
Iflands  of  St.  Vincent^.,  Dominica^  and  Tobago :  But  the 
Court  of  Great'Britaitt  are  ranher  inclined  to  enter  upon 
a  Difcufilon  of  the  Difputes  concerning  the  four  Iflands 
in  the  Courfe  of  this  Negociation,  being  dii'pofed  to  come 
to.  a  reafonable  and  amicable  Accommodation*,  in  full 
Afllirance  of  meeting  with  the  like  Difpofition  in  the 
Court  of  France.  Signed,  T.  Robinson. 

NUMB.     XIV. 
AccovNT  of  the  Engagement  of  the  Ships  Alcide  and 

LySt  one  commanded  by  M.  Hocquarty  the  other  by 
\  M.  dc  Lorgerie^  taken  j:  by  Admiral  Bojcawenh  Squa-. 

dron,  confifting  of  eleven  Veflels. 

By  one  of  the  Officers  on  board  the  Alcide. 

IN  the  Latitude  tf/45 :  27  Norths  and  Longitude  53  ;  49 
fTeJi,  fratn  tbt  Meridian  of  Paris  j  on  the  ytb  <j/ June, 

at 

*  See,  in  the  following  Paper,  a  Proof  of  this  rtajonable  suid  mmitm- 

lt^4s(9mititHiMi,     X  Wc  had  fo  much  (he  Icfi  Reafon  to  appreh«ikl  *» 


fj«(^l|pHU*)IWf,«fl'-*W!"T' 


jlipwiBMPiPf'iMyip'iiiiyyiiw 


h  are  (b  clear  and  evi- 
for  the  Sake  ot  Peace, 
Jnderftanding  between 
in  order  to  prevent  all 
Vadb  of  Land  in  thoic 
vjhkh  has  already  been 
,  and  Great-BriiaiH' it 
ife  Extent  of  it,  by  an 

IV. 

in  Difpute. 

-Britain  cannot  by  any 
le  Arguments  aliedged 
riiiTaries  of  France^  with 
Chrjjiian  Majefty  to  the 
fs  they  are  ot  Opinion, 
nttr  immediately,  upon 
/latter  requires,  which 
ithin  the  Bounds  of  an 
:he  Court  of  France: 
up  an  ample  Reply  on 
ifpute  concerning  the 
and  Tobago :  But  the 
inclined  to  enter  upon 
erning  the  four  Iflands 
being  dil'pofed  to  come 
:ommodation*,  in  full 
like  Difpofition  in  the 
ned,  T.  Robinsok. 
XIV. 

»f  the  Ships  Jlcide  and 
locquart,  the  other  by 
miral  Bo/cawen's,  Squa- 
fels. 

)ard  the  Jlcide. 
),  and  Longitude  53  •  49 
ris  i  on  the  ytb  <?/June, 
at 

of  this  rtajonablt  and  arnica. 
Ufs  Rcafon  to  apprebitd  in 


(■  <89  ) 
6t  Six  0  Clock  in  the  Evenings  we  difcovered  eltvtU  iail  bf 
Veffels  from  our  Top-majis^  tkey  continued  E.  iV.  E.  at 
about  Jx  Leagues  Dijiance.  M.  Hocquart  ordered  a  Signal 
to  be  made  to  the  Lys  and  /,^/f Dauphin-Royal  te  croud  Saif, 
and  endeavour  to  reconnoitre  this  Squadron  hejh-e  Nighty 
thinking  that  it  might  be  our  ozvn^  from  'vobich  wi  bad  been 
feparated  feveral  Days\  the  Wind  Juddenly  ab^tid,  and  a 
Calm  iiiftantly  fucceedtngy  we  lay' too. 

The  Sthy  at  Day-Break,  we  found  curfelves  to  the  Wind- 
ward of  this  Squadron,  about  three  Leagues  diflant.  M. 
Hocquart  ordered  the  Signals  of  Obfervatiort  to  be  made. 
But  thefe  Ships  fetting  full  Sail,  and  not  having  anfwered 
our  Signals,  we  likewife  fet  full  Sail.  The  Lys  and  the 
Dauphin-Royal/oo«  found  them/elves  at  theHeadcf  us;  the 
Englilh  FeJJ'els  viftbly  gained  upon  us.  M.  Hocquart  ^rt-y* 
Orders  to  prepare  for  an  Engagement.  The  SqUadrdn  being 
within  one  Gun  Shot  and  a  Half,  we  hoijied  our  Flag  and 
Pendant,  and  fired  a  Gun  without  Sbdt,  then  the  fnglifh 
Veffels  hoifled  theirs  •,  when  they  were  nearer  to  us,  the  Ct' 
neral  ho\fted  a  red  Hag  at  the  Fore-top-mafi  Head.  . 

Between  Ten  and  Eleven  in  the  Morning,  the  Dunkirk,* 
*/  So  Guns,  appeared  within  hearing.  M.  Hocquart  de- 
fired  MeJJh.  de  Roflaing,  Colonel  of  Infantry,  de  Rigau, 
Governor  of  Trois-Rivieres  in  Canada,  de  Crance,  Com- 
mifj'ary  of  War,  de  Helincour,  <»»</ de  SomervillC,  to  at- 
tend to  whatfhould  befaid,  in  order  to  give  an  Account  o/itt 
He  ordered  it  to  be  proclaimed  three  Times  in  Englifh,  Arc 
we  at  Peace,  or  War  ?  Jt  was  anfwered.  We  don't  hear. 
The  fame  ^ejlionwas  repeated  in  French  :  The  fame  An- 
fwer  was  returned.  M.  Hocquart  himfelf  theu  called  out. 
The  Captain  anfwered  twice,  very  difiinlfly.  Peace,  Peace. 
M.  Hocquart  ajked.  What  is  your  Admiral's  Name  ? 
Admiral  Bofcawen,  replied  the  Englifh.  1  know  him,  he 
is  a  Friend  of  mine.  Upon  which  the  Englifh  aJked,  And 
what  is  your  Name,  Sir  ?     Hocquart.     The  Time  of  pro- 


nouncing 
Event  of  this  Nature,  as  the  D.  dtMireptix,  haying  been  informed  in 
the  Month  of  ^ajr,  175  5,  that  Adia.  Bt/caweti  had  Orders  to  aft  upon 
*^r*  °^*"^»»^'  «cqiiainted  the  Lord  Chancellor  of  EagtaMd,  the  D.  of 
Ngwcafilt,  the  Earl  of  Granvillt,  and  Sir  T.  Robinjtn,  with  what  he 
Aid  lit»td,  vjrbopoiiciye]/  a%cdiiiii^  itwat  ab^^ktel/  f%. 


*     ,.■ 


....x...v-~ 


iliWjIUniiifiiiiufc,:^^ 


■*'««*i«w»iwr**'^"V ' 


"  I II  ■!  nmHiWuani,  J'^ii. 


'<! 


(  «'9c»  ) 
ntuncifig  thefe  Words  was  the  only  Interval  between  the  fTord 
Peace,  and  the  firing  of  a  Broad-Jide^  which  informed  us 
that  it  was  War.  tf^e  were  then  within  Piftol-Jhot;  thi 
Cannon  of  the  Enemy  were  charged  with  two  Bullets^  and 
Pieces  of  all  Kinds  of  Metal.  7 his  joined  to  the  Confidencs 
which  the  fVord  Peace,  froncunced  by  the  Captain*s  Mouth, 
ntuji  give  us,  made  ut  lofeagreat  many  People  \  notwithfiau' 
ing  which.,  our  fire  was  not  retarded  \  we  continued  feme 
time  with  our  Bowfprit  lying  acrofs  the  VeffeUfiill  keeping 
a  very  brijk  Fire  of  Cannon  and  Small- Arms,  which  we  point" 
id  at  four  or  five  Veffels  who  drew  towards  us,  among  which 
were  the  Admiral  and  Rear-  tIdmiraL  But  what  could  wa 
txpeS  in  the  Situation  we  were  in  ?  our  Rigging  was  cut  to 
Pieces,  our  Sails  full  of  Holes,  our  Fvre-top-mall  ready  t§ 
fall,  our  Main-mali  pierced  with  two  Bullets,  our  Sail-yards 
tut,  the  Mzen-maft  and  Mzen-top-fail  injured,  feverat 
Pieces  of  Cannon  difmounted,  twenty-four  Men  killed,  wound" 
td,  or  maimed  on  the  Decks,  among  which  were  four  Officers, 
Meffrs.  de  Roftaing,  de  TAubepin,  Monfcrmcil,  and 
feveral  Officers  wounded,  M.  Hocquart  at  lafi  concluded 
tofurrender  to  the  Admiral, 

At  Two  in  the  Afternoon,  the  ShipDt9iznct,  having  made 
towards  the  Lys,  thi  latter  kept  a  running  Figbt,  and  be- 
ing attacked  by  the  Fougeux,  fhe  was  put  between  two 
j^res,  to  which  file  could  make  but  a  weak  Refifiance,  cou" 
fidering  the  few  Cannon  with  which  fhe  was  armed,  which 
ohliged  M.  de  Lorgerie,  after  making  all  the  Refiftanco 
poffible,  toftrike  the  Royal  Flag, 

As  to  the  Dauphin-Royal,  the  fuperior  Swiftncfs  of  her 

Courfe  gave  M.  de  Montalais  the  SatisfaAion  of  landing 

the  Troops  entruftcd  to  him  at  Lmfbourg,  where  he  was 

informed  of  the  Capture  of  our  two  Veflels,  which  has 

.  brought  to  Light  the  DeTigns  of  the  Mngltfi^, 


FINIS. 


»,v  -•  '"'.■■'*^' 


,:_  „,;,  jtEii.^ 


va!  between  the  fTord 
which  informed  us 
thinPipl-Jhoti  th$ 
h  two  Bullets^  and 
ned  to  the  Cor\fidencs 
he  Captain's  Mouth, 
People  i  notwithjian- 
,  we  continued  fame 
he  Vejfeh  Jim  keeping 
y-ms,  which  we  point" 
rds  us,  among  which 
But  what  could  we 
•  Rigging  was  cut  to 
re-top-ma/l  ready  f 
ullets,  our  Sail-yards 
fail  injured,  fevtrat 
'  Men  killed,  weUnd" 
:b  were  four  Officers, 
Monfcrmcil,  and 
jart  at  laji  concluded 

sfiance,  having  made 
ming  Fight,  andbe- 
>as  put  between  two 
veak  Rejiftance,  con" 
e  was  armed,  which 
t  all  the  Refijlanci 

rior  Swiftncfs  of  her 
isfaAion  of  landing 
hurg,  where  he  was 
VelTcls,  which  has 
Engli/h» 


-^••wjly;  --..J  i-  -■ ---t-'  -u.-'  .     '..*>'--' 


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